Editing Dacia (section)

=== 2nd century AD ===
{{Main|Trajan's Dacian Wars|Roman Dacia}}

Starting with AD 85, Dacia was once again reunified under [[Decebalus|King Decebalus]]. Following an incursion into Roman [[Moesia]], which resulted in the death of its governor, [[Gaius Oppius Sabinus]], a series of conflicts between the Romans and Dacians ensued. Although the Romans gained a major strategic victory at [[Tapae]] in AD 88, [[Domitian|Emperor Domitian]] offered the Dacians favourable terms, in exchange for which Roman suzerainty was recognised. However, [[Trajan|Emperor Trajan]] restarted the conflicts in AD 101-102 and then again in AD 105–106, which ended with the annexation of most of Dacia and its reorganisation as a [[Roman province|Roman Province]], [[Roman Dacia|Dacia Felix]].<ref name="ReferenceA"/>

Written a few decades after Emperor [[Trajan]]'s Roman conquest of parts of Dacia in AD 105–106,{{sfn|Mattern|2002|p=61}} Ptolemy's ''[[Geographia]]'' included the boundaries of Dacia. According to the scholars' interpretation of Ptolemy (Hrushevskyi 1997, Bunbury 1879, Mocsy 1974, Bărbulescu 2005) Dacia was the region between the rivers [[Tisza]], Danube, upper Dniester, and Siret.{{sfn|Hrushevskyi|1997|p=97|ps=: "Dacia, as described by Ptolemy, occupied the region between the Tisa, Danube, upper Dnister, and Seret, while the Black Sea coast – namely, the Greek colonies of Tyras, Olbia, and others – were included in Lower Moesia."}}{{sfn|Bunbury|1979|p=517}}{{sfn |Mocsy|1974|p=21}}{{sfn|Bărbulescu|2005|p=71}} Mainstream historians accept this interpretation: Avery (1972) Berenger (1994) Fol (1996) Mountain (1998), Waldman Mason (2006).{{sfn|Berenger|1994|p=25}}{{sfn|Mountain|1998|p=59}}{{sfn|Waldman|Mason|2006|p=205}}{{sfn|Avery|1972|p=113}}{{sfn|Fol|1996|p=223}}

Ptolemy also provided a couple of Dacian [[toponyms]] in south Poland in the Upper [[Vistula]] (Polish: Wisla) river basin: [[Susudava]] and [[Setidava]] (with a manuscript variant [[Getidava]]).{{sfn|Dobiáš|1964|p=70}}{{sfn|Berindei|Candea|2001|p=429}}{{sfn|Schütte|1952|p=270}}{{sfn|Giurescu|Giurescu|1974|p=31}} This could have been an "echo" of Burebista's expansion.{{sfn|Berindei|Candea|2001|p=429}} It seems that this northern expansion of the Dacian language, as far as the Vistula river, lasted until AD 170–180 when the migration of the Vandal [[Hasdingi]] pushed out this northern Dacian group.{{sfn|Childe|1930|p=245}}{{sfn|Schütte|1917|pp=109 & 143}} This Dacian group, possibly the [[Costoboci]]/[[Lipitsa culture|Lipița culture]], is associated by [[Gudmund Schütte]] with towns having the specific Dacian language ending "[[Dava (Dacia)|dava]]" i.e. [[Setidava]].{{sfn|Schütte|1952|p=270}}

After the [[Marcomannic Wars]] (AD 166–180), Dacian groups from outside Roman Dacia had been set in motion. So too were the 12,000 Dacians "from the neighbourhood of Roman Dacia sent away from their own country". Their native country could have been the Upper Tisa region, but other places cannot be excluded.{{sfn|Opreanu|1997|p=249}}

The later Roman province ''[[Dacia Aureliana]]'', was organized inside former [[Moesia Superior]] after the retreat of the Roman army from Dacia, during the reign of emperor [[Aurelian]] during AD 271–275. It was reorganized as [[Dacia Ripensis]] (as a military province) and [[Dacia Mediterranea]] (as a civil province).{{sfn|Odahl|2003}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2024}}