Editing Cushing's syndrome (section)

=== Endogenous ===
[[Endogeny|Endogenous]] Cushing's syndrome results from some derangement of the body's own system of cortisol secretion. Normally, [[ACTH]] is released from the [[pituitary gland]] when necessary to stimulate the release of cortisol from the [[adrenal gland]]s.{{cn|date=October 2021}}

* In pituitary Cushing's, a benign pituitary adenoma secretes ACTH. This is also known as [[Cushing's disease]] and is responsible for 70% of endogenous Cushing's syndrome.<ref name="endocrine.niddk">[http://endocrine.niddk.nih.gov/pubs/cushings/cushings.htm#1 Cushing's Syndrome] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110410084418/http://endocrine.niddk.nih.gov/pubs/cushings/cushings.htm |date=2011-04-10 }} at The National Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Information Service. July 2008. Citing: * {{cite journal | vauthors = Nieman LK, Ilias I | title = Evaluation and treatment of Cushing's syndrome | journal = The American Journal of Medicine | volume = 118 | issue = 12 | pages = 1340–1346 | date = December 2005 | pmid = 16378774 | doi = 10.1016/j.amjmed.2005.01.059 | url = https://zenodo.org/record/1258724 }}</ref>
* In adrenal Cushing's, excess cortisol is produced by adrenal gland tumors, hyperplastic adrenal glands, or adrenal glands with nodular adrenal hyperplasia.
* Tumors outside the normal pituitary-adrenal system can produce ACTH (occasionally with CRH) that affects the adrenal glands. This etiology is called ectopic or [[paraneoplasia|paraneoplastic]] Cushing's disease and is seen in diseases such as [[small cell carcinoma|small cell]] [[lung cancer]].<ref name="pmid3525603">{{cite journal | vauthors = Schteingart DE, Lloyd RV, Akil H, Chandler WF, Ibarra-Perez G, Rosen SG, Ogletree R | title = Cushing's syndrome secondary to ectopic corticotropin-releasing hormone-adrenocorticotropin secretion | journal = The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism | volume = 63 | issue = 3 | pages = 770–775 | date = September 1986 | pmid = 3525603 | doi = 10.1210/jcem-63-3-770 }}</ref>
* Finally, rare cases of CRH-secreting tumors (without ACTH secretion) have been reported, which stimulates pituitary ACTH production.<ref name="Voyadzis JM, Guttman-Bauman I, Santi M, Cogen P. 2004 212–6">{{cite journal | vauthors = Voyadzis JM, Guttman-Bauman I, Santi M, Cogen P | title = Hypothalamic hamartoma secreting corticotropin-releasing hormone. Case report | journal = Journal of Neurosurgery | volume = 100 | issue = 2 Suppl Pediatrics | pages = 212–216 | date = February 2004 | pmid = 14758953 | doi = 10.3171/ped.2004.100.2.0212 }}</ref>