Editing Cornus florida (section)

=== Propagation ===
[[File:Dogwood in Nagano.jpg|thumb|Dogwood trees in [[Nagano (city)|Nagano, Japan]]]]

''Cornus florida'' is easily propagated by seeds, which are sown in the fall into prepared rows of [[sawdust]] or sand, and emerge in the spring. [[Germination]] rates for good clean seed should be near 100% if seed dormancy is first overcome by cold [[Stratification (botany)|stratification]] treatments for 90 to 120 days at {{convert|4|C|F}}.<ref name = "Cappiello_2005" />{{rp|100–102}}<ref name="Hartmann, HT 2002. pp. 769">Hartmann, HT, DE Kester, FT Davies, RL Geneve. 2002. Hartmann and Kester's Plant Propagation: Principles and Practices, 7th Edition. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. pp. 769.</ref> Flowering dogwood demonstrates [[gametophytic]] [[self-incompatibility]], meaning that the plants cannot self-fertilize. This is important for breeding programs as it means that it is not necessary to [[Emasculation#Other meanings|emasculate]] (remove the [[anthers]] from) ''C. florida'' flowers before making controlled [[Cross pollination|cross-pollinations]]. These pollinations should be repeated every other day, as the flowers must be [[Cross pollination|cross-pollinated]] within one or two days of opening for [[pollination]]s to be effective.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Reed SM | date = 2004 | title = Self-incompatibility in ''Cornus florida'' | journal = HortScience | volume = 39 | issue = 2 | pages = 335–338 | doi = 10.21273/HORTSCI.39.2.335 | doi-access = free }}</ref>

[[File:2014-11-02 13 36 23 Flowering Dogwood during autumn along Pleasant Valley Road in Hopewell Township, New Jersey.JPG|thumb|Tree in the wild in autumn]]

Softwood [[Cutting (plant)|cuttings]] taken in late spring or early summer from new growth can be rooted under mist if treated with 8,000 to 10,000 ppm [[indole-3-butyric acid]] (IBA). In cold climates, potted cuttings must be kept in heated cold frames or [[polyhouse]]s the following winter to maintain temperatures between {{convert|0|and|7|C|F}}. Although rooting success can be as high as 50–85%, this technique is not commonly used by commercial growers. Rather, selected cultivars are generally propagated by [[Shield budding|T-budding]] in late summer or by whip [[grafting]] in the greenhouse in winter onto seedling rootstock.<ref name="Hartmann, HT 2002. pp. 769"/><ref name = "Cappiello_2005" />{{rp|102}}

[[Micropropagation]] of flowering dogwood is now used in breeding programs aiming to incorporate resistance to dogwood anthracnose and powdery mildew into horticulturally and economically important cultivars. [[Node (botany)|Nodal]] ([[axillary bud]]) sections are established in a culture of Woody Plant Medium (WPM) amended with 4.4 μmol/L 6-Benzyladenine (BA) to promote shoot growth.<ref name="pmid30727637">{{cite journal | vauthors = Kaveriappa KM, Phillips LM, Trigiano RN | title = Micropropagation of flowering dogwood (Cornus florida) from seedlings | journal = Plant Cell Reports | volume = 16 | issue = 7 | pages = 485–489 | date = April 1997 | pmid = 30727637 | doi = 10.1007/BF01092771 | s2cid = 40422365 }}</ref>  Rooting of up to 83% can be obtained when 5–7 week-old microshoots are then transferred to WPM amended with 4.9 μmol/L IBA.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sharma AR, Trigiano RN, Witte WT, Schwarz OJ | title = In vitro adventitious rooting of Cornus florida microshoots. | journal = Scientia Horticulturae | date = January 2005 | volume = 103 | issue = 3 | pages = 381–5 | doi = 10.1016/j.scienta.2004.06.014 }}</ref>