Editing Cleveland (section)

== Geography ==
[[File:ISS-34 Night view of Cleveland, Ohio.jpg|thumb|[[NASA]] satellite photograph of Cleveland at night]]

According to the [[U.S. Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|82.47|sqmi|km2|2}}, of which {{convert|77.70|sqmi|km2|2}} is land and {{convert|4.77|sqmi|km2|2}} is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |url=http://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2010_place_list_39.txt |access-date=June 6, 2016 }}</ref> The shore of Lake Erie is {{convert|569|ft|m}} above [[Above mean sea level|sea level]]; however, the city lies on a series of irregular bluffs lying roughly parallel to the lake. In Cleveland these bluffs are cut principally by the [[Cuyahoga River]], Big Creek, and [[Euclid Creek]].

The land rises quickly from the lake shore elevation of 569 feet. Public Square, less than {{Convert|1|mi|km|spell=in}} inland, sits at an elevation of {{convert|650|ft|m|0}}, and Hopkins Airport, {{convert|5|mi|km|0}} inland from the lake, is at an elevation of {{convert|791|ft|m|0}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Cleveland-Hopkins International Airport |publisher=AirNav |url=http://www.airnav.com/airport/KCLE |access-date=May 19, 2023 }}</ref>

Cleveland borders several [[Inner suburb|inner-ring]] and [[streetcar suburb]]s.<ref name="suburbs" /> To the west, it borders [[Lakewood, Ohio|Lakewood]], [[Rocky River, Ohio|Rocky River]], and [[Fairview Park, Ohio|Fairview Park]], and to the east, it borders [[Shaker Heights, Ohio|Shaker Heights]], [[Cleveland Heights, Ohio|Cleveland Heights]], [[South Euclid, Ohio|South Euclid]], and [[East Cleveland, Ohio|East Cleveland]]. To the southwest, it borders [[Linndale, Ohio|Linndale]], [[Brooklyn, Ohio|Brooklyn]], [[Parma, Ohio|Parma]], and [[Brook Park, Ohio|Brook Park]]. To the south, the city borders [[Newburgh Heights, Ohio|Newburgh Heights]], [[Cuyahoga Heights, Ohio|Cuyahoga Heights]], and [[Brooklyn Heights, Ohio|Brooklyn Heights]] and to the southeast, it borders [[Warrensville Heights, Ohio|Warrensville Heights]], [[Maple Heights, Ohio|Maple Heights]], and [[Garfield Heights, Ohio|Garfield Heights]]. To the northeast, along the shore of Lake Erie, Cleveland borders [[Bratenahl, Ohio|Bratenahl]] and [[Euclid, Ohio|Euclid]].

=== Cityscape ===
{{Wide image|Cleveland Skyline 2015.png|1000px|align-cap=center|Skyline of Cleveland from [[University Circle]] at daylight (2015).|alt=Skyline of Cleveland from University Circle at daylight (2015).}}
{{Wide image|Cle Skyline December 2020.jpg|1000px|align-cap=center|Skyline of Cleveland at night, with [[Key Tower]], [[200 Public Square]], and the [[Terminal Tower]] at the center}}
{{Wide image|Clewinter.jpg|1000px|align-cap=center|Downtown Cleveland from [[Lake Erie]], January 2022}}

=== Architecture ===
{{See also|List of tallest buildings in Cleveland|National Register of Historic Places listings in Cleveland}}
[[File:Euclid facades.jpg|thumb|upright|Facades of buildings along Euclid Avenue]]
Cleveland's downtown architecture is diverse. Many of the city's government and civic buildings, including [[Cleveland City Hall|City Hall]], the [[Cuyahoga County Courthouse]], the [[Cleveland Public Library]], and [[Public Auditorium]], are clustered around the open Cleveland Mall and share a common [[neoclassical architecture]]. They were built in the early 20th century as the result of the 1903 Group Plan. They constitute one of the most complete examples of City Beautiful design in the U.S.{{sfn|Lawrence|1980|pp=20–25}}<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Mall |encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History |publisher=Case Western Reserve University |url=https://case.edu/ech/articles/m/mall |access-date=August 21, 2019 |date=May 22, 2018 }}</ref>

Completed in 1927 and dedicated in 1930 as part of the [[Tower City Center|Cleveland Union Terminal]] complex, the Terminal Tower was the tallest building in North America outside New York City until 1964 and the tallest in the city until 1991.{{sfn|Toman|Cook|2005|p=76}} It is a prototypical [[Beaux-Arts architecture|Beaux-Arts]] skyscraper. The two other major skyscrapers on Public Square, Key Tower (the tallest building in Ohio) and 200 Public Square, combine elements of [[Art Deco]] architecture with [[postmodern architecture|postmodern]] designs.<ref>{{cite web |last=Raponi |first=Richard |title=Key Tower: Cesar Pelli's Nod to Art Deco-Era Manhattan |website=Cleveland Historical |publisher=Cleveland State University |url=https://clevelandhistorical.org/items/show/961 |access-date=February 1, 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Raponi |first=Richard |title=200 Public Square |website=Cleveland Historical |publisher=Cleveland State University |url=https://clevelandhistorical.org/items/show/306 |access-date=February 1, 2024 }}</ref>

Running east from Public Square through University Circle is [[Euclid Avenue (Cleveland)|Euclid Avenue]], which was known as "Millionaires' Row" for its prestige and elegance as a residential street.{{sfn|Cigliano|1991|pp=1–2}}<ref>{{cite web |last=Rose |first=Danielle |title=Millionaires' Row: Cleveland's Famous Euclid Avenue |website=Cleveland Historical |publisher=Cleveland State University |url=https://clevelandhistorical.org/items/show/10 |access-date=June 5, 2023 }}</ref> In the late 1880s, writer [[Bayard Taylor]] described it as "the most beautiful street in the world".{{sfn|Upton|1910|p=507}}

Nicknamed Cleveland's "Crystal Palace", the five-story [[Cleveland Arcade]] (also known as the Old Arcade) was built in 1890 and renovated in 2001 as a [[Hyatt]] Regency Hotel.<ref>{{cite web |last=Florence |first=Cheyenne |title=The Arcade: Cleveland's Crystal Palace |website=Cleveland Historical |publisher=Cleveland State University |url=https://clevelandhistorical.org/items/show/24 |access-date=June 5, 2023 }}</ref> Another major architectural landmark, the [[Cleveland Trust Company Building]], was completed in 1907 and renovated in 2015 as a downtown [[Heinen's Fine Foods|Heinen's]] supermarket.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Toledo |first1=Charlotte Nicole |last2=Roy |first2=Chris |title=Cleveland Trust Company Building |website=Cleveland Historical |publisher=Cleveland State University |url=https://clevelandhistorical.org/items/show/761 |access-date=August 21, 2019 }}</ref> Cleveland's historic [[ecclesiastical architecture]] includes the Presbyterian [[Old Stone Church (Cleveland)|Old Stone Church]],<ref>{{cite web |last=Raponi |first=Richard |title=Old Stone Church |website=Cleveland Historical |publisher=Cleveland State University |url=https://clevelandhistorical.org/items/show/165 |access-date=August 8, 2019 }}</ref> the [[onion dome]]d [[St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral]],<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rotman |first1=Michael |last2=Dubelko |first2=Jim |title=St. Theodosius Cathedral |website=Cleveland Historical |publisher=Cleveland State University |url=https://clevelandhistorical.org/items/show/92 |access-date=August 8, 2019 }}</ref> and the Roman Catholic [[Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)|Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist]] along with several other ethnically inspired Catholic churches.<ref>{{cite web |title=Cleveland Sacred Landmarks |publisher=Cleveland State University |url=http://www.clevelandmemory.org/sacredlandmarks/index-old.shtml |access-date=May 19, 2023 }}</ref>

<gallery mode="packed" heights="100">
File:Arcade (48249762776).jpg|[[Cleveland Arcade]], 1890
File:Cleveland Trust Company Building, Euclid Avenue and East 9th Street, Cleveland, OH.jpg|[[Cleveland Trust Company Building]], 1907
File:Palace lobby.jpg|[[Connor Palace|Connor Palace Theatre]], 1922
File:Cleveland Skyline (26381354620).jpg|[[Terminal Tower]] from Euclid Avenue
File:Grand Foyer, Severance Hall, University Circle, Cleveland, OH - 52992001701.jpg|Grand foyer of [[Severance Hall]], 1931
</gallery>

=== Neighborhoods ===
{{main|Neighborhoods in Cleveland}}
[[File:Illuminated West Side Market.jpg|left|thumb|The [[Ohio City, Cleveland|Ohio City]] neighborhood at night]]
The Cleveland City Planning Commission has officially designated 34 neighborhoods in Cleveland.<ref>{{cite web |title=Urban Tree Canopy Assessment Update: Cleveland Neighborhoods |publisher=Cuyahoga County Planning Commission |url=https://www.countyplanning.us/projects/urban-tree-canopy-assessment-update/urban-tree-canopy-assessment-update-cleveland-neighborhoods/ |access-date=July 20, 2021 }}</ref> Centered on Public Square, [[Downtown Cleveland]] is the city's central business district, encompassing a wide range of subdistricts, such as the [[Nine-Twelve District]], the [[Campus District]], the [[Civic Center (Cleveland)|Civic Center]], [[East 4th Street (Cleveland)|East 4th Street]], and [[Playhouse Square]]. It also historically included the lively [[Downtown Cleveland#Short Vincent|Short Vincent]] entertainment district.<ref>{{cite web |last=Roy |first=Chris |title=The Theatrical Grill |work=Cleveland Historical |publisher=Cleveland State University |url=https://clevelandhistorical.org/items/show/906 |access-date=June 22, 2022 }}</ref>{{sfn|Dutka|2012|p=37}} Mixed-use areas, such as the [[Warehouse District, Cleveland|Warehouse District]] and the [[Downtown Cleveland#Superior Arts District|Superior Arts District]], are occupied by industrial and office buildings as well as restaurants, cafes, and bars.<ref name="smithsonian" /> The number of [[Condominium (living space)|condominium]]s, [[loft apartment|lofts]], and apartments has been on the increase since 2000 and especially 2010, reflecting downtown's growing population.<ref>{{cite news |last=Exner |first=Rich |title=How downtown Cleveland is changing: by the numbers |newspaper=The Plain Dealer |url=https://www.cleveland.com/datacentral/2016/05/how_downtown_cleveland_is_chan.html |date=May 13, 2016 |access-date=July 10, 2019 }}</ref>

[[File:Cleveland City Neighborhoods with Names.png|thumb|upright=1|Neighborhoods of Cleveland]]
Clevelanders geographically define themselves in terms of whether they live on the east or west side of the Cuyahoga River.{{sfn|Condon|1967|p=[https://archive.org/details/cleveland0000geor/page/9/mode/2up 9]|loc="For all practical purposes, though – and hang the technicalities – everything east of the [Cuyahoga] river constitutes the East Side. Everything west of the river can be considered the West Side. That is the realistic view taken by Clevelanders. When two Clevelanders meet for the first time, they fence conversationally until the vital question of East or West is answered. Knowing which side of town a new acquaintance comes from makes a subtle difference"}} The East Side includes the neighborhoods of [[Buckeye–Shaker]], [[Buckeye–Woodhill]], [[Central, Cleveland|Central]], [[Collinwood]] (including [[Nottingham, Ohio|Nottingham]]), [[Euclid–Green]], [[Fairfax, Cleveland|Fairfax]], [[Glenville, Cleveland|Glenville]], [[Goodrich–Kirtland Park]] (including [[Asiatown, Cleveland|Asiatown]]), [[Hough, Cleveland|Hough]], [[Kinsman, Cleveland|Kinsman]], [[Lee–Miles]] (including Lee–Harvard and Lee–Seville), [[Mount Pleasant, Cleveland|Mount Pleasant]], [[St. Clair–Superior]], [[Union–Miles Park]], and [[University Circle]] (including [[Little Italy, Cleveland|Little Italy]]).<ref>{{cite news |last=Exner |first=Rich |title=Get to know Cleveland's East Side |newspaper=The Plain Dealer |url=https://www.cleveland.com/news/2023/11/get-to-know-clevelands-east-side-12-neighborhood-profiles.html |date=November 7, 2023 |access-date=November 15, 2023 }}</ref> The West Side includes the neighborhoods of [[Brooklyn Centre]], [[Clark–Fulton]], [[Cudell, Cleveland|Cudell]], [[Detroit–Shoreway]], [[Edgewater, Cleveland|Edgewater]], [[Ohio City, Cleveland|Ohio City]], [[Old Brooklyn]], [[Stockyards, Cleveland|Stockyards]], [[Tremont, Cleveland|Tremont]] (including [[Tremont, Cleveland#Duck Island|Duck Island]]), [[West Boulevard]], and the four neighborhoods colloquially known as [[West Park, Cleveland|West Park]]: [[Kamm's Corners]], [[Jefferson, Cleveland|Jefferson]], [[Bellaire–Puritas, Cleveland|Bellaire–Puritas]], and [[Hopkins, Cleveland|Hopkins]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Exner |first=Rich |title=Get to know Cleveland's West Side |newspaper=The Plain Dealer |url=https://www.cleveland.com/news/2023/11/get-to-know-clevelands-west-side-8-neighborhood-profiles.html |date=November 1, 2023 |access-date=November 15, 2023 }}</ref> The [[Cuyahoga Valley, Cleveland|Cuyahoga Valley]] neighborhood (including [[Whiskey Island (Cleveland)|Whiskey Island]] and [[the Flats]]) is situated between the East and West Sides, while [[Broadway–Slavic Village]] is sometimes referred to as the South Side.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Nalewicki |first=Jennifer |title=Vibrant Art Installations Infuse New Life into Abandoned Houses in This Cleveland Neighborhood |magazine=Smithsonian |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/one-weekend-art-infuses-new-life-cleveland-neighborhood-180969771/ |date=July 27, 2018 |access-date=June 5, 2023 |quote=A symphony of hammers, saws and chisels pierce the early-morning silence that had blanketed Slavic Village, a neighborhood tucked away on Cleveland's south side. }}</ref>

Several neighborhoods have begun to attract the return of the middle class that left the city for the suburbs in the 1960s and 1970s. These neighborhoods are on both the West Side (Ohio City, Tremont, Detroit–Shoreway, and Edgewater) and the East Side (Collinwood, Hough, Fairfax, and Little Italy). Much of the growth has been spurred on by attracting [[creative class]] members, which has facilitated new residential development and the transformation of old industrial buildings into loft spaces for artists.<ref name="smithsonian" /><ref name="CLE-hustles">{{cite news |last=Glusac |first=Elaine |title=A Cleveland Arts District Hustles and Rebounds |newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/15/travel/cleveland-gordon-square-arts-district.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220101/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/15/travel/cleveland-gordon-square-arts-district.html |archive-date=January 1, 2022 |url-access=limited |date=November 15, 2017 |access-date=August 1, 2019}}{{cbignore }}</ref>

=== Climate ===
{{climate chart
 | Cleveland
 | 22.3|35.8|2.99
 | 23.5|38.5|2.49
 | 30.7|47.1|3.06
 | 40.8|60.1|3.75
 | 51.4|71.1|3.79
 | 61.1|79.8|3.83
 | 65.8|83.7|3.67
 | 63.9|82.0|3.56
 | 57.1|75.6|3.93
 | 46.5|63.7|3.60
 | 36.7|51.3|3.37
 | 28.2|40.4|2.99
 | units = imperial
 | float = right
 | clear = both
}}
Typical of the [[Great Lakes region]], Cleveland exhibits a [[continental climate]] with four distinct seasons, which lies in the [[humid continental]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Dfa'')<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kottek |first1=Marcus |last2=Greiser |first2=Jürgen |last3=Beck |first3=Christoph |last4=Rudolf |first4=Bruno |last5=Rubel |first5=Franz |display-authors=2 |title=World Map of Köppen – Geiger Climate Classification |url=https://opus.bibliothek.uni-augsburg.de/opus4/files/40083/metz_Vol_15_No_3_p259-263_World_Map_of_the_Koppen_Geiger_climate_classification_updated_55034.pdf |journal=Meteorologische Zeitschrift |volume=15 |issue=3 |page=261 |date=June 2006 |doi=10.1127/0941-2948/2006/0130 |bibcode=2006MetZe..15..259K |issn=0941-2948 }}</ref> zone. The climate is transitional with the ''Cfa'' [[humid subtropical climate]]. Summers are hot and humid, while winters are cold and snowy. East of the mouth of the Cuyahoga, the land elevation rises rapidly in the south. Together with the prevailing winds off Lake Erie, this feature is the principal contributor to the [[lake-effect snow]] that is typical in Cleveland (especially on the city's East Side) from mid-November until the surface of the lake freezes, usually in late January or early February. The lake effect causes a relative differential in geographical snowfall totals across the city. On the city's far West Side, the Hopkins neighborhood only reached {{convert|100|in|cm|0}} of snowfall in a season three times since record-keeping for snow began in 1893.<ref>{{cite web |title=Cleveland Snowfall Statistics |publisher=[[National Weather Service]] |url=http://www.erh.noaa.gov/cle/climate/cle/records/cletop10snow.html |access-date=May 19, 2023 }}</ref> By contrast, seasonal totals approaching or exceeding {{convert|100|in|cm|0}} are not uncommon as the city ascends into the Heights on the east, where the region known as the "[[Snowbelt|Snow Belt]]" begins. Extending from the city's East Side and its suburbs, the Snow Belt reaches up the Lake Erie shore as far as [[Buffalo, New York|Buffalo]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Johnson |first=Mark |title=Where is Northern Ohio's Snow Belt? |website=[[WEWS-TV]] |url=http://www.newsnet5.com/dpp/weather/weather_news/where-is-northern-ohio's-snow-belt |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130922040750/http://www.newsnet5.com/dpp/weather/weather_news/where-is-northern-ohio%27s-snow-belt |access-date=January 20, 2013 |archive-date=September 22, 2013 }}</ref>

The all-time record high in Cleveland of {{convert|104|°F|0}} was established on June 25, 1988,<ref>{{cite news |last=Smith |first=Susan |title=Akron, State Blanketed in 3-Digit Heat |newspaper=[[Akron Beacon Journal]] |quote=The high of 104 degrees at Cleveland-Hopkins International Airport was the highest recorded in Cleveland since official weather record -keeping began in 1871, weather service officials said. |page=A1 |date=June 26, 1988 }}</ref> and the all-time record low of {{convert|-20|°F|0}} was set on January 19, 1994.<ref>{{cite news |last=Mio |first=Lou |title=Stopped Cold: All-Time Lows Shiver Ohio, But Forecast's for 'Warming' |newspaper=The Plain Dealer |quote=It was 20 below Tuesday night, breaking Cleveland's all-time record of 19 below set Jan. 24, 1963, a few weeks after Browns owner Art Modell fired head coach Paul Brown during a newspaper strike. |page=1A |date=January 20, 1994 }}</ref> On average, July is the warmest month with a mean temperature of {{convert|74.5|°F|1}}, and January, with a mean temperature of {{convert|29.1|°F|1}}, is the coldest. Normal yearly [[precipitation (meteorology)|precipitation]] based on the 30-year average from 1991 to 2020 is {{convert|41.03|in}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=NOWData – NOAA Online Weather Data |publisher=National Weather Service |url=http://www.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=cle |access-date=May 19, 2023 }}</ref> The least precipitation occurs on the western side and directly along the lake, and the most occurs in the eastern suburbs. Parts of [[Geauga County, Ohio|Geauga County]] to the east receive over {{convert|44|in}} of liquid precipitation annually.<ref>{{cite web |title=Precipitation: Annual Climatology (1971–2000) |publisher=PRISM Climate Group, [[Oregon State University]] |url=http://www.prism.oregonstate.edu/products/viewer.phtml?file=/pub/prism/us_30s/graphics/ppt/Normals/us_ppt_1971_2000.14.png&year=1971_2000&vartype=ppt&month=14&status=final |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130922033447/http://www.prism.oregonstate.edu/products/viewer.phtml?file=/pub/prism/us_30s/graphics/ppt/Normals/us_ppt_1971_2000.14.png&year=1971_2000&vartype=ppt&month=14&status=final |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 22, 2013 |access-date=May 19, 2023 }}</ref>

{{Weather box
| location = Cleveland ([[Cleveland Hopkins International Airport|Hopkins Airport]]), 1991–2020 normals,{{efn|Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.}} extremes 1871–present{{efn|Official records for Cleveland kept at downtown from January 1871 to May 1941, and at Hopkins Airport since June 1941. For more information, see [http://threadex.rcc-acis.org ThreadEx].}}
| single line = Y
| Jan record high F = 73
| Feb record high F = 77
| Mar record high F = 83
| Apr record high F = 88
| May record high F = 93
| Jun record high F = 104
| Jul record high F = 103
| Aug record high F = 102
| Sep record high F = 101
| Oct record high F = 93
| Nov record high F = 82
| Dec record high F = 77
| year record high F = 104
| Jan avg record high F = 58.9
| Feb avg record high F = 60.8
| Mar avg record high F = 70.8
| Apr avg record high F = 80.3
| May avg record high F = 86.7
| Jun avg record high F = 91.8
| Jul avg record high F = 92.7
| Aug avg record high F = 91.3
| Sep avg record high F = 88.8
| Oct avg record high F = 80.5
| Nov avg record high F = 68.9
| Dec avg record high F = 60.0
| year avg record high F = 93.9
| Jan high F = 35.8
| Feb high F = 38.5
| Mar high F = 47.1
| Apr high F = 60.1
| May high F = 71.1
| Jun high F = 79.8
| Jul high F = 83.7
| Aug high F = 82.0
| Sep high F = 75.6
| Oct high F = 63.7
| Nov high F = 51.3
| Dec high F = 40.4
| year high F = 60.8
| Jan mean F = 29.1
| Feb mean F = 31.1
| Mar mean F = 38.9
| Apr mean F = 50.4
| May mean F = 61.2
| Jun mean F = 70.4
| Jul mean F = 74.5
| Aug mean F = 73.0
| Sep mean F = 66.4
| Oct mean F = 55.1
| Nov mean F = 44.0
| Dec mean F = 34.3
| year mean F = 52.4
| Jan low F = 22.3
| Feb low F = 23.7
| Mar low F = 30.7
| Apr low F = 40.8
| May low F = 51.4
| Jun low F = 61.1
| Jul low F = 65.3
| Aug low F = 63.9
| Sep low F = 57.1
| Oct low F = 46.5
| Nov low F = 36.7
| Dec low F = 28.2
| year low F = 44.0
| Jan avg record low F = 1.3
| Feb avg record low F = 4.0
| Mar avg record low F = 12.2
| Apr avg record low F = 25.9
| May avg record low F = 36.2
| Jun avg record low F = 45.9
| Jul avg record low F = 53.3
| Aug avg record low F = 51.6
| Sep avg record low F = 43.0
| Oct avg record low F = 32.1
| Nov avg record low F = 20.8
| Dec avg record low F = 9.8
| year avg record low F = −2.2
| Jan record low F = −20
| Feb record low F = −17
| Mar record low F = −5
| Apr record low F = 10
| May record low F = 25
| Jun record low F = 31
| Jul record low F = 41
| Aug record low F = 38
| Sep record low F = 32
| Oct record low F = 19
| Nov record low F = 0
| Dec record low F = −15
| year record low F = -20
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation inch = 2.99
| Feb precipitation inch = 2.49
| Mar precipitation inch = 3.06
| Apr precipitation inch = 3.75
| May precipitation inch = 3.79
| Jun precipitation inch = 3.83
| Jul precipitation inch = 3.67
| Aug precipitation inch = 3.56
| Sep precipitation inch = 3.93
| Oct precipitation inch = 3.60
| Nov precipitation inch = 3.37
| Dec precipitation inch = 2.99
| year precipitation inch = 41.03
| Jan snow inch = 18.4
| Feb snow inch = 15.1
| Mar snow inch = 10.8
| Apr snow inch = 2.7
| May snow inch = 0.0
| Jun snow inch = 0.0
| Jul snow inch = 0.0
| Aug snow inch = 0.0
| Sep snow inch = 0.0
| Oct snow inch = 0.1
| Nov snow inch = 4.5
| Dec snow inch = 12.2
| year snow inch = 63.8
| unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
| Jan precipitation days = 17.7
| Feb precipitation days = 14.6
| Mar precipitation days = 14.6
| Apr precipitation days = 14.8
| May precipitation days = 13.4
| Jun precipitation days = 11.5
| Jul precipitation days = 10.7
| Aug precipitation days = 10.3
| Sep precipitation days = 10.1
| Oct precipitation days = 12.1
| Nov precipitation days = 13.1
| Dec precipitation days = 15.6
| year precipitation days = 158.5
| unit snow days = 0.1 in
| Jan snow days = 13.5
| Feb snow days = 10.5
| Mar snow days = 7.2
| Apr snow days = 2.1
| May snow days = 0.1
| Jun snow days = 0.0
| Jul snow days = 0.0
| Aug snow days = 0.0
| Sep snow days = 0.0
| Oct snow days = 0.2
| Nov snow days = 3.8
| Dec snow days = 8.4
| year snow days = 45.8
| Jan snow depth inch = 7.5
| Feb snow depth inch = 7.5
| Mar snow depth inch = 5.3
| Apr snow depth inch = 1.1
| May snow depth inch = 0.0
| Jun snow depth inch = 0.0
| Jul snow depth inch = 0.0
| Aug snow depth inch = 0.0
| Sep snow depth inch = 0.0
| Oct snow depth inch = 0.0
| Nov snow depth inch = 1.5
| Dec snow depth inch = 4.5
| year snow depth inch = 10.8
| Jan humidity = 73.3
| Feb humidity = 73.0
| Mar humidity = 70.4
| Apr humidity = 66.1
| May humidity = 67.3
| Jun humidity = 69.0
| Jul humidity = 69.8
| Aug humidity = 73.1
| Sep humidity = 73.7
| Oct humidity = 70.8
| Nov humidity = 71.9
| Dec humidity = 74.1
| year humidity = 71.0
| Jan sun = 101.0
| Feb sun = 122.3
| Mar sun = 167.0
| Apr sun = 216.0
| May sun = 263.6
| Jun sun = 294.6
| Jul sun = 307.2
| Aug sun = 262.2
| Sep sun = 219.0
| Oct sun = 169.5
| Nov sun = 89.8
| Dec sun = 67.8
| year sun =
| Jan percentsun = 34
| Feb percentsun = 41
| Mar percentsun = 45
| Apr percentsun = 54
| May percentsun = 59
| Jun percentsun = 65
| Jul percentsun = 67
| Aug percentsun = 61
| Sep percentsun = 59
| Oct percentsun = 49
| Nov percentsun = 30
| Dec percentsun = 24
| year percentsun = 51
| Jan uv = 2
| Feb uv = 2
| Mar uv = 4
| Apr uv = 6
| May uv = 7
| Jun uv = 9
| Jul uv = 9
| Aug uv = 8
| Sep uv = 6
| Oct uv = 4
| Nov uv = 2
| Dec uv = 1
| source 1 = [[NOAA]] (relative humidity and sun 1961–1990)<ref name="NOAA">{{cite web |title=NOWData – NOAA Online Weather Data |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |url=http://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=cle |access-date=May 10, 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Station: Cleveland, OH |work=U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991–2020) |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00014820&format=pdf |access-date=May 9, 2021 }}</ref><ref name=NOAAsun>{{cite web |title=WMO Climate Normals for CLEVELAND/HOPKINS INTL AP, OH 1961–1990 |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |url=ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_IV/US/GROUP3/72524.TXT |access-date=March 10, 2014 }}</ref>
| source 2 = Weather Atlas<ref name="Weather Atlas">{{cite web |title=Cleveland, Ohio, USA – Monthly weather forecast and Climate data |publisher=Weather Atlas |url=https://www.weather-us.com/en/ohio-usa/cleveland-climate |access-date=July 4, 2019 }}</ref> (sunshine data)
}}

{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:100%;text-align:center;line-height:1.2em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"
|-
! colspan="14" |Climate data for Cleveland
|-
!Month
!Jan
!Feb
!Mar
!Apr
!May
!Jun
!Jul
!Aug
!Sep
!Oct
!Nov
!Dec
! style="border-left-width:medium" |Year
|-
!Average sea temperature °F (°C)
| style="background:#1010FF;color:#FFFFFF;" |34.0<br />(1.1)
| style="background:#0909FF;color:#FFFFFF;" |33.2<br />(0.6)
| style="background:#0C0CFF;color:#FFFFFF;" |33.5<br />(0.8)
| style="background:#4848FF;color:#FFFFFF;" |40.6<br />(4.8)
| style="background:#9A9AFF;color:#000000;" |50.5<br />(10.3)
| style="background:#FFD344;color:#000000;" |66.5<br />(19.2)
| style="background:#FF6B00;color:#000000;" |76.2<br />(24.5)
| style="background:#FF6900;color:#000000;" |76.3<br />(24.6)
| style="background:#FFA000;color:#000000;" |71.2<br />(21.8)
| style="background:#FAFAFF;color:#000000;" |62.0<br />(16.7)
| style="background:#9A9AFF;color:#000000;" |50.5<br />(10.3)
| style="background:#3D3DFF;color:#FFFFFF;" |39.3<br />(4.1)
| style="background:#ADADFF;color:#000000;border-left-width:medium" |52.8<br />(11.6)
|-
!Mean daily daylight hours
| style="background:#F0F011;color:#000000;" |10.0
| style="background:#F7F722;color:#000000;" |11.0
| style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;" |12.0
| style="background:#FFFF44;color:#000000;" |13.0
| style="background:#FFFF66;color:#000000;" |15.0
| style="background:#FFFF66;color:#000000;" |15.0
| style="background:#FFFF66;color:#000000;" |15.0
| style="background:#FFFF55;color:#000000;" |14.0
| style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;" |12.0
| style="background:#F7F722;color:#000000;" |11.0
| style="background:#F0F011;color:#000000;" |10.0
| style="background:#E9E900;color:#000000;" |9.0
| style="background:#FFFF37;color:#000000;border-left-width:medium" |12.3
|-
! colspan="14" style="background:#f8f9fa;font-weight:normal;font-size:95%;" |Source: Weather Atlas<ref name="Weather Atlas" />
|}

=== Environment ===
{{See also|Sustainable Cleveland}}
[[File:Bridge in Cleveland, Ohio.jpg|thumb|The west bank of [[the Flats]] and the [[Cuyahoga River]] in Downtown Cleveland, with [[Jacobs Pavilion]], Cleveland's [[amphitheater]]]]
With its extensive cleanup of its Lake Erie shore and the Cuyahoga River, Cleveland has been recognized by national media as an environmental success story and a national leader in environmental protection.<ref name="NYT-cuyahoga" /> Since the city's industrialization, the Cuyahoga River had become so affected by industrial pollution that it "caught fire" a total of 13 times beginning in 1868.<ref name="burning-river">{{Cite web |last=Grant |first=Julie |date=April 21, 2017 |title=How a Burning River Helped Create the Clean Water Act |url=https://www.alleghenyfront.org/how-a-burning-river-helped-create-the-clean-water-act/ |access-date=February 22, 2020 |website=The Allegheny Front }}</ref> It was the river fire of June 1969 that spurred the city to action under Mayor Carl B. Stokes, and played a key role in the passage of the [[Clean Water Act]] in 1972 and the [[National Environmental Policy Act]] later that year.<ref name="stokes-cuyahoga" /><ref name="burning-river" /> Since that time, the Cuyahoga has been extensively cleaned up through the efforts of the city and the [[Ohio Environmental Protection Agency]] (OEPA).<ref name="NYT-cuyahoga" /><ref>{{cite web |last=Piepenburg |first=Erik |date=June 7, 2019 |title=A Cleveland River Once Oozed and Burned. It's Now a Hot Spot. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/07/travel/cleveland-cuyahoga-river-pollution.html |access-date=August 8, 2023 |work=The New York Times }}</ref>

In addition to continued efforts to improve freshwater and air quality, Cleveland is now exploring renewable energy. The city's two main electrical utilities are [[FirstEnergy]] and [[Cleveland Public Power]]. Its [[List of climate change initiatives|climate action plan]], updated in December 2018, has a 2050 target of 100% [[Renewable energy|renewable power]], along with reduction of [[Greenhouse gas emissions by the United States|greenhouse gases]] to 80% below the 2010 level.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Gearino |first=Dan |date=September 22, 2018 |title=100% Renewable Energy: Cleveland Sets a Big Goal as It Sheds Its Fossil Fuel Past |url=https://insideclimatenews.org/news/21092018/cleveland-100-percent-renewable-energy-cities-map-climate-change-plan-industrial-history |access-date=January 26, 2019 |website=InsideClimate News }}</ref> In recent decades, Cleveland has been working to address the issue of [[harmful algal bloom]]s on Lake Erie, fed primarily by agricultural runoff, which have presented new environmental challenges for the city and for northern Ohio.<ref>{{cite news |last=Vandenberge |first=Jordan |date=August 10, 2020 |title=Local company developing antidote to Lake Erie algal blooms |url=https://www.news5cleveland.com/news/local-news/local-company-developing-antidote-to-lake-erie-algal-blooms |access-date=December 30, 2020 |publisher=WEWS-TV }}</ref>