Editing Chimpanzee (section)

===Genome===
{{Main |Chimpanzee genome project}}
{{align|left|{{Infobox genome|taxId=202|ploidy=diploid|chromosomes=24 pairs|size=3,323.27 Mb}}}}
A draft version of the chimpanzee genome was published in 2005 and encodes 18,759 proteins,<ref name="genome">{{cite journal |author=Chimpanzee Sequencing and Analysis Consortium |title=Initial sequence of the chimpanzee genome and comparison with the human genome |journal=Nature |volume=437 |issue=7055 |pages=69–87 |date=September 2005 |pmid=16136131 |doi=10.1038/nature04072 |bibcode=2005Natur.437...69. |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=UniProt |url=https://www.uniprot.org/proteomes/UP000002277 |access-date=2022-08-07 |website=uniprot.org |archive-date=7 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220807233335/https://www.uniprot.org/proteomes/UP000002277 |url-status=live }}</ref> (compared to 20,383 in the human proteome).<ref>{{Cite web |title=UniProt |url=https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb?facets=reviewed:true&query=proteome:UP000005640 |access-date=2022-08-07 |website=uniprot.org |archive-date=7 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220807233335/https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb?facets=reviewed:true&query=proteome:UP000005640 |url-status=live }}</ref> The DNA sequences of humans and chimpanzees are very similar and the difference in protein number mostly arises from incomplete sequences in the chimpanzee genome. Both species differ by about 35 million [[Point mutation|single-nucleotide]] changes, five million [[Mutation#By effect on structure|insertion/deletion]] events and various [[Chromosomal translocation|chromosomal rearrangements]].<ref name="sequence">{{cite journal |last=Cheng |first=Z. |display-authors=etal |title=A genome-wide comparison of recent chimpanzee and human segmental duplications |journal=Nature |volume=437 |issue=7055 |pages=88–93 |date=September 2005 |pmid=16136132 |doi=10.1038/nature04000 |bibcode=2005Natur.437...88C|s2cid=4420359}}</ref> Typical human and chimpanzee protein [[homology (biology)|homologs]] differ in an average of only two [[amino acid]]s. About 30% of all human proteins are identical in sequence to the corresponding chimpanzee protein. Duplications of small parts of [[chromosome]]s have been the major source of differences between human and chimpanzee genetic material; about 2.7% of the corresponding modern genomes represent differences, produced by gene duplications or deletions{{Failed verification | date = October 2024 | reason = One reference clearly says the differences come from large segmental duplication (2.7%)—nothing about deletion—and single-base-pair substitution (1.2%). This statement doesn't reflect the abstract of the reference.}}, since humans and chimpanzees diverged from their common evolutionary ancestor.<ref name="genome"/><ref name="sequence"/>