Editing Charles de Gaulle Airport (section)

== Terminals ==
{{more citations needed section|date=May 2015}}
[[File:LFPG Layout.svg|thumb|Airport Diagram]]
[[File:Terminal 1 of CDG Airport.jpg|thumb|Aerial view of Terminal 1 (before refurbishment)]]
[[File:CDG-aerialview.jpg|thumb|Aerial view of Terminal 2A and 2B (before refurbishment)]]

Charles de Gaulle Airport has three terminals: Terminal 1 is the oldest and situated opposite to Terminal 3; Terminal 2 is located at another side with 7 sub-terminal buildings (2A to 2G). Terminal 2 was originally built exclusively for [[Air France]];<ref name="charlesdegaulleairport.co.uk" /> since then it has been expanded significantly and now houses  other airlines. Terminals 2A to 2F are interconnected by elevated walkways and situated next to each other. Terminal 2G is a satellite building connected by shuttle bus.<ref name="charlesdegaulleairport.co.uk" />

Terminal 3 (formerly known as "Terminal 9") hosts charter and low-cost airlines. The [[CDGVAL]] light-rail shuttle connects Terminal 2 to Terminals 1 and 3 and their parking lots.

Before the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], Charles de Gaulle Airport had assigned all [[Star Alliance]] members to use Terminal 1, [[Oneworld]] members to use Terminal 2A and [[SkyTeam]] members to use Terminals 2C, 2E (intercontinental), 2D, 2F and 2G (European routes). The assignments changed several times due to the pandemic.

Today, the airport has assigned Star Alliance airlines to Terminal 1, Oneworld airlines to use Terminal 1 for routes to the Middle East and Asia, and 2B for flights to the Americas, Africa, and Europe (due to the closure of Terminal 2A), and SkyTeam airlines to use Terminals 2E for international routes and 2F for Schengen routes.

=== Terminal 1 ===
The first terminal, designed by [[Paul Andreu]], was built in the image of an [[octopus]]. It consists of a circular terminal building which houses key functions such as check-in counters and baggage claim conveyors. Seven satellites with boarding gates are connected to the central building by underground walkways.

The central building, with a large skylight in its centre, dedicates each floor to a single function. The first floor is reserved for technical operations and not accessible to the public. The second floor contains shops and restaurants, the CDGVAL inter-terminal shuttle train platforms (for Terminal 2 and trains to central Paris) and check-in counters from a recent renovation. The majority of check-in counters, however, are located on the third floor, which also has access to taxi stands, bus stops and special pick-up vehicles. Departing passengers with valid boarding passes can reach the fourth floor, which houses duty-free stores and border control posts, for the boarding gates. The fifth floor contains baggage claim conveyors for arriving passengers. All four upper floors have assigned areas for parking and airline offices.

Passages between the third, fourth and fifth floors are provided by a tangle of escalators arranged through the centre of the building. These escalators are suspended over the central court. Each escalator is covered with a transparent tube to shelter from all weather conditions. These escalators were often used in film shootings (e.g., ''The Last Gang of Ariel Zeitoun''). The [[Alan Parsons Project]] album ''[[I Robot (album)|I Robot]]'' features these escalators on its cover.

Terminal 1 closed in March 2020 in response to the drop in traffic during the COVID-19 pandemic. ADP used this time for a €250 million refurbishment. Completed in 2023, the refurbishment included the creation of a new junction building linking satellites 1, 2 and 3, and modernisation of the central body of the terminal. Various design details in the refurbished terminal pay homage to the circular shape of the original Andreu design. The upgraded Terminal 2 also features a new departure lounge designed by French designers Maxime Liautard and Hugo Toro, which reflects the ambiance of a Parisian bistro.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Paris CDG Terminal 1 reopens |url=https://www.businesstraveller.com/business-travel/2022/12/11/paris-cdg-terminal-1-reopens/ |access-date=2023-09-25 |website=Business Traveller |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-03 |title='Our flagship boutique terminal' – Groupe ADP launches Extime retail and hospitality brand at stunning new-look Paris CDG T1 |url=https://www.moodiedavittreport.com/our-flagship-boutique-terminal-groupe-adp-launches-extime-retail-and-hospitality-brand-at-stunning-new-look-paris-cdg-t1/ |access-date=2023-09-25 |website=The Moodie Davitt Report |language=en-GB}}</ref>

[[Star Alliance]] airlines use Terminal 1 except Air Canada and Ethiopian Airlines<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://liveandletsfly.com/cdg-terminal-1/|title=Terminal 1 at Paris CDG Re-Opens|last=Stewart|first=Kyle|date=4 December 2022 |access-date=5 June 2023}}</ref> Other carriers using Terminal 1 include [[Oneworld]] carriers [[Cathay Pacific]], [[Qatar Airways]] and [[SriLankan Airlines]] and non-aligned carriers [[Aer Lingus]], [[Emirates (airline)|Emirates]], [[Etihad Airways]], [[Eurowings]], [[Icelandair]], [[Kuwait Airways]], [[Oman Air]] and [[Pakistan International Airlines]].<ref name="Airlines">{{cite web|url=https://easycdg.com/airport-guide/which-terminal-paris-cdg-airport-charlesdegaulle/|title=Which terminal ?|access-date=20 April 2023|website=Easy CDG}}</ref>

=== Terminal 2 ===
Terminal 2 is spread across seven sub-terminals: 2A to 2G. Terminals 2A to 2F are connected by inter-terminal walkways, but Terminal 2G is a satellite building {{convert|800|m|mi|1|abbr=on}} away. Terminal 2G can only be accessed by shuttle bus from Terminals 1, 2A to 2F and 3. The CDGVAL inter-terminal shuttle train, Paris RER Regional-Express and high-speed TGV rail station, [[Aéroport Charles de Gaulle 2 TGV]], is located within the Terminal 2 complex and between 2C and 2E (on one side) or 2D and 2F (on the opposite side).

Terminal 2F was used for the filming of the music video for the [[U2]] song "[[Beautiful Day]]". The band also had their picture taken inside Terminal 2F for the album artwork of their 2000 album ''[[All That You Can't Leave Behind]]''.

Terminals 2B and 2D are used by the majority of the airlines part of the [[Oneworld]] alliance, except Oneworld's long haul carriers to Asia and the Middle East, French overseas airlines [[Air Austral]] and [[Air Tahiti Nui]],<ref name="Airlines"/> and all other non [[SkyTeam]] short-haul and mid-haul airlines which do not operate from Terminal 1.<ref name="Oneworld">{{Cite web|url=https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/en/inter/airport/cdg/transit/|title=[PARIS] CHARLES DE GAULLE INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT|access-date=30 April 2023|website=Japan Airlines}}</ref> and SkyTeam carrier [[Czech Airlines]] also use this terminal.<ref name="Airlines"/>

Terminals 2E and 2F are dedicated use for [[Air France]] and its [[SkyTeam]] partners except [[Saudia]] (Terminal 1). Several other carriers also use Terminal 2E, these are Oneworld carrier [[Japan Airlines]]<ref name="Oneworld"/> and non-aligned carriers [[Air Mauritius]], [[China Southern Airlines]], [[Gulf Air]], [[LATAM Chile]], and [[WestJet]].<ref name="Airlines"/>

==== Collapse of Terminal 2E ====
[[File:Terminal 2E CDG collapse.png|thumb|Collapsed Terminal 2E, June 2004]]
[[File:Grand plan Roissy CDG Terminal 2.jpg|alt=|thumb|Map of terminal 2 various halls]]
On 23 May 2004, shortly after the inauguration of terminal 2E, a portion of it collapsed near [[Gate (airport)|Gate]] E50, killing four people.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/3743081.stm|title='Fresh cracks' at Paris airport|work=[[BBC News]] |date=24 May 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518182048/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/3743081.stm |archive-date=2022-05-18 |url-status=live}}</ref> Two of the dead were reported to be Chinese citizens, one Czech and the other Lebanese.<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/paris-airport-collapse-blamed-on-design-483590.html|title=Paris airport collapse blamed on design|newspaper=[[The Independent]] |date=16 February 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026070025/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/paris-airport-collapse-blamed-on-design-483590.html |archive-date=2022-10-26 |url-status=live}}</ref> Three other people were injured in the collapse. Terminal 2E had been inaugurated in 2003 after some delays in construction and was designed by [[Paul Andreu]]. Administrative and judicial enquiries were started.

Before this accident, ADP had been planning for an [[initial public offering]] in 2005 with the new terminal as a major attraction for investors. The partial collapse and indefinite closing of the terminal just before the beginning of summer seriously hurt the airport's business plan.

In February 2005, the results from the administrative inquiry were published. The experts pointed out that there was no single fault, but rather a number of causes for the collapse, in a design that had little margin for safety. The inquiry found the concrete [[Vault (architecture)|vaulted roof]] was not resilient enough and had been pierced by metallic pillars and some openings weakened the structure. Sources close to the inquiry also disclosed that the whole building chain had worked as close to the limits as possible, so as to reduce costs. Paul Andreu denounced the building companies for having not correctly prepared the [[reinforced concrete]].

On 17 March 2005, ADP decided to tear down and rebuild the whole part of Terminal 2E (the "jetty") of which a section had collapsed, at a cost of approximately €100&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lci.fr/|title=Info et actualité en direct – Toutes les actualités et infos|website=LCI |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124044525/https://www.lci.fr/ |archive-date=2022-01-24 |url-status=live}}</ref> The reconstruction replaced the innovative concrete tube style of the jetty with a more traditional steel and glass structure. During reconstruction, two temporary departure lounges were constructed in the vicinity of the terminal that replicated the capacity of 2E before the collapse. The terminal reopened completely on 30 March 2008.

==== Terminal 2G ====
[[File:Display Screen At A Paris Airport.jpg|thumb|Terminal 2, former display screen]]
[[File:Air France A320s (F-GTAM, F-GTAL and F-GKXH) at Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport.jpg|thumb|right|[[Air France]] aircraft on stands at Terminal 2F at Charles de Gaulle Airport.]]
Terminal 2G, dedicated to regional Air France and [[HOP!]] flights and its affiliates, opened in 2008. This terminal is to the east of all terminals and can only be reached by shuttle bus. Terminal 2G is used for passengers flying in the [[Schengen Area]] (and thus has no passport control) and handles Air France regional and European traffic and provides small-capacity planes (up to 150 passengers) with a faster turnaround time than is currently possible by enabling them to park close to the new terminal building and boarding passengers primarily by bus, or walking. A bus line called "navette orange" connects the terminal 2G inside the security check area with terminals 2E and 2F. Passengers transferring to other terminals need to continue their trip with other bus shuttles within the security check area if they do not need to get their bags.

==== Terminal 2E Hall L (Satellite 3) ====
The completion of {{convert|750|m|abbr=on}} long Satellite 3 (or S3) to the immediate east of Terminals 2E and 2F provides further [[Jet bridge|jetways]] for large-capacity airliners, specifically the [[Airbus A380]]. Check-in and [[Baggage handling system|baggage handling]] are provided by the existing infrastructure in Terminals 2E and 2F. Satellite 3 was opened in part on 27 June 2007 and fully operational in September 2007. It corresponds now to gates L of terminal 2E.

==== Terminal 2E Hall M (Satellite 4) ====
The satellite S4, adjacent to the S3 and part of terminal 2E, officially opened on 28 June 2012. It corresponds now to gates M of terminal 2E. Dedicated to long-haul flights, it has the ability to handle 16 aircraft at the same time, with an expected capacity of 7.8 million passengers per year. Its opening has led to the relocation of all SkyTeam airlines to terminals 2E (for international carriers), 2F (for Schengen European carriers) and 2G.

==== Recent terminal reassignments ====
Air France has moved all of its operations previously located at 2C to 2E. In October 2012, 2F closed its international operations and became completely Schengen, allowing for all Air France flights previously operating in 2D to relocate to 2F.

Further, in April 2013, Terminal 2B closed for a complete renovation (with all airlines relocating to 2D) and received upgrades including the addition of a second floor completely dedicated to arrivals. Terminal 2B reopened on 2 June 2021. Airlines including the [[Lufthansa group]], [[Aegean Airlines]], [[easyJet]], [[Icelandair]], [[LOT Polish Airlines]], [[Norwegian Air Shuttle]], [[Play (airline)|Play]], [[Royal Air Maroc]], and [[Scandinavian Airlines]] began operations at Terminal 2B until 2 December 2022, when the airlines except easyJet and Royal Air Maroc moved back to Terminal 1. Low-cost carrier easyJet has shown interest in being the sole carrier at 2B.<ref name="S4_ADP">{{cite web |url=http://www.aeroportsdeparis.fr/ADP/Resources/90cfb7fb-0d8f-4b33-ba12-48433680b4c8-DPFutursatellite4delaeroportParisCharlesdeGaulle.pdf |title=Le future satellite 4 de l'aéroport Paris-Charles de Gaulle |access-date=28 January 2011 |website=ADP |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140810050212/http://www.aeroportsdeparis.fr/ADP/resources/90cfb7fb-0d8f-4b33-ba12-48433680b4c8-DPFutursatellite4delaeroportParisCharlesdeGaulle.pdf |archive-date=2014-08-10 |url-status=live}}</ref>{{Irrelevant citation|reason=The source dates back from 2010 and does not easyJet nor any of the other post-2010 developments. It can be used though in the other sections of the article.|date=September 2023}} To facilitate connections, a new boarding area between 2A and 2C was opened in March 2012. It allows for all security and passport control to be handled in a single area, allows for many new shopping opportunities as well as new airline lounges, and eases transfer restrictions between 2A and 2C. Terminal 2D was closed during the pandemic and received the same upgrade including an additional floor. Terminal 2D reopened on 18 April 2023 and some airlines have moved operations to the terminal.<ref name="Airlines"/>

Terminals 2A and 2C are closed for baggage renovation system for 18 months (with all airlines relocating to Terminal 1 or 2B).{{ref|1|1}}

=== Terminal 3 ===
Terminal 3 is located 1&nbsp;km (0.62&nbsp;mi) away from Terminal 1. It consists of one single building for arrivals and departures. The walking distance between Terminals 1 and 3 is {{convert|3|km|abbr=on}}; however, the rail station (named as "CDG Airport Terminal 1") for RER and CDGVAL trains are only at a distance of {{convert|300|m|abbr=on}}. Terminal 3 has no boarding gates constructed and all passengers are ferried by airport buses to the aircraft stands.

Terminal 3 is voted 2024 best low-cost airlines terminal in the world by [[Skytrax]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=World's Best Low-Cost Airline Terminals 2024 |url=https://www.worldairportawards.com/worlds-best-low-cost-airline-terminals-2024/ |access-date=2024-11-27 |website=SKYTRAX |language=en}}</ref> 

=== Terminal usage during COVID-19 pandemic===
The airport's services during the pandemic were sharply reduced. On 30 March 2020, the airport announced it would temporarily close Terminals 1 and 3, moving all remaining flights to Terminal 2. Terminal 2D was also closed during the pandemic and only Terminals 2A, 2C, 2E, 2F and 2G were opened. At the beginning of the pandemic, airlines were grouped by alliances: Star Alliance airlines operated at Terminal 2A, where Air Canada and Ethiopian Airlines operated prior to the pandemic, Oneworld airlines shifted their operations to Terminal 2C, and SkyTeam airlines operated at Terminals 2E and 2F. Between December 2020 and June 2021, only Terminals 2E and 2F were opened with non-Schengen flights operating at Terminal 2E and Schengen flights operated at Terminal 2F. 2B reopened on 2 June 2021 and some airlines were shifted to that concourse. Terminals 2A, 2C and 2D were then reopened for more space. Between June 2021 and December 2022, Star Alliance airlines operated at Terminals 2A (non-Schengen) and 2B (Schengen), Oneworld airlines operated at Terminals 2C (non-Schengen) and 2D (Schengen) and SkyTeam airlines operated at Terminals 2E (non-Schengen), 2F and 2G (both Schengen). However, Star Alliance airlines flights to Asia except Singapore Airlines, who operated at Terminal 2A were operating at Terminal 2E due to the capacity restrictions at Terminal 2A.  Terminal 3 reopened on 3 May 2022 for the use of all charter and low cost airlines.<ref>{{Cite web|url = https://www.grand-roissy-tourisme.com/en/2022/05/09/le-terminal-3-de-laeroport-paris-cdg-reouvre-ses-portes/|title =Terminal 3 at Paris-CDG Airport Reopens|date =9 May 2022|accessdate = 17 February 2023}}</ref> Terminal 1 remained closed for renovation at that time. It reopened on 1 December 2022 to reduce traffic at Terminal 2.<ref>{{Cite web|url = https://www.travelandleisureasia.com/in/insight/what-you-need-to-know/paris-charles-de-gaulle-airport-terminal-1-reopens-before-olympics-2024/|title = Paris Charles de Gaulle Terminal 1 reopens Before Olympics 2024|accessdate = 17 February 2022}}</ref>

=== Cancelled project for Terminal 4 ===
Plans for a new terminal, Terminal 4, were first announced in 2014. With an estimated cost of €9bn, the new terminal was to be built around 2025, when Charles de Gaulle Airport's maximum capacity of 80 million would have been reached. When constructed, the new terminal would have been able to accommodate 30–40 million passengers per year and would have likely been built north of Terminal 2E.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gliszczynski |first1=Fabrice |last2=Mabille |first2=Philippe |date=6 June 2014 |title=Roissy CDG: un nouveau terminal (colossal) est prévu dans 10 ans (PDG d'Aéroports de Paris) |trans-title=Roissy CDG: a new (colossal) terminal is planned in 10 years (CEO of Aéroports de Paris) |work=La Tribune |url=http://www.latribune.fr/entreprises-finance/services/transport-logistique/20140606trib000833813/roissy-cdg-un-nouveau-terminal-colossal-est-prevu-dans-10-ans-pdg-d-aeroports-de-paris.html |access-date=12 October 2020}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2021-02-12 |title=France to scrap 'obsolete' Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport expansion |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/france-paris-charles-de-gaulle-airport-environment-covid-b1801316.html |access-date=2023-09-25 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> However, the Terminal 4 proposal was cancelled in 2021 due to reduced traffic resulting from the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] and new environmental regulations making the project unfeasible.<ref>{{cite news |title=Charles de Gaulle: Plans for huge new airport terminal in Paris scrapped |agency=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-56021908 |url-status=live |access-date=11 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220903224611/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-56021908 |archive-date=2022-09-03}}</ref> Environmentalist groups hailed the cancellation of the project as a "great victory."<ref name=":0" />


<small>{{note|1|1|}}All North American, Middle East, African and Asian routes expect [[American Airlines]], [[El Al]], [[Royal Jordanian]] and the two French overseas airlines moved operations to Terminal 1. All European routes, American Airlines, El Al, Royal Jordanian, and the two French overseas airlines moved operations to Terminal 2B.</small>