Editing Chalcolithic (section)

===South Asia===
Ceramic similarities between the [[Indus Valley Civilisation]], southern [[Turkmenistan]], and northern [[Iran]] during 4300–3300&nbsp;BC of the Chalcolithic period suggest considerable mobility and trade.{{sfnp|Parpola|2005}}

The term "Chalcolithic" has also been used in the context of the [[South Asian Stone Age]].<ref>{{cite journal |first1=Vasant |last1=Shinde |first2=Shweta Sinha |last2=Deshpande |year=2015 |title=Crafts and technologies of the Chalcolithic people of South Asia: An overview |journal=Indian Journal of History of Science |volume=50 |issue=1 |pages=42–54|doi=10.16943/ijhs/2015/v50i1/48111 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

In [[Bhirrana]], the earliest Indus civilization site, copper [[bangle]]s and [[arrowhead]]s were found. The inhabitants of [[Mehrgarh]] in present-day [[Pakistan]] fashioned tools with local copper ore between 7000 and 3300&nbsp;BC.{{sfnp|Possehl|1996}}

The [[Nausharo]] site was a pottery workshop in province of [[Balochistan]], Pakistan, that dates to 4,500&nbsp;years ago; 12&nbsp;blades and blade fragments were excavated there. These blades are {{convert|12|-|18|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, {{convert|1.2|-|2.0|cm|in|1|abbr=on}} wide, and relatively thin. Archaeological experiments show that these blades were made with a copper indenter and functioned as a potter's tool to trim and shape unfired pottery. Petrographic analysis indicates local pottery manufacturing, but also reveals the existence of a few exotic black-slipped pottery items from the [[Indus Valley]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Méry |first1=S. |last2=Anderson |first2=P. |last3=Inizan |first3=M.L. |last4=Lechavallier |first4=M. |last5=Pelegrin |first5=J. |year=2007 |title=A pottery workshop with flint tools on blades knapped with copper at Nausharo (Indus civilisation {{nobr|ca. 2500 BC)}} |journal=Journal of Archaeological Science |volume=34 |issue=7 |pages=1098–1116 |doi=10.1016/j.jas.2006.10.002}}</ref>

In India, Chalcolithic culture flourished in mainly four farming communities – [[Ahar–Banas culture|Ahar]] or [[Ahar–Banas culture|Banas]], [[Kaytha|Kayatha]], [[Malwa culture|Malwa]], and [[Jorwe culture|Jorwe]]. These communities had some common traits like painted pottery and use of copper, but they had a distinct ceramic design tradition. Banas culture (2000–1600&nbsp;BC) had ceramics with red, white, and black design. Kayatha culture (2450–1700&nbsp;BC) had ceramics painted with brown colored design. Malwa culture (1900–1400&nbsp;BC) had profusely decorated pottery with red or black colored design. Jorwe culture (1500–900&nbsp;BC) had ceramics with matte surface and black-on-red design.<ref>{{cite book |last=Singh |first=Vipul |orig-year=2006 |year=2008 |title=The Pearson Indian History Manual for the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination |edition=2nd |place=New Delhi, IN |publisher=Pearson Education India |isbn=978-81-317-1753-0 |language=en |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wsiXwh_tIGkC&dq=Chalcolithic+india&pg=PA48}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Peregrine |first1=Peter N. |last2=Ember |first2=Melvin |date=2003-03-31 |title=Encyclopedia of Prehistory |volume=8: South and Southwest Asia |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-0-306-46262-7 |language=en |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C-TQpUtI-dgC&dq=Chalcolithic+india&pg=PA34}}</ref>

[[Pandu Rajar Dhibi]] (2000–1600&nbsp;BC) is a Chalcolithic site in the eastern part of the [[Indian subcontinent]]. It is located on the south bank of [[Ajay River]] in [[West Bengal]]. [[Blackware]], painted Koshi ware, pottery, various ornaments made of [[pearl]] and copper, various types of tools, pieces of fabric woven from Shimul cotton thread, human and various animal skeletons, burnt clay fragments have been found at the site.<ref name="indianculture1">{{cite web |title=The Excavations at Pandu Rajar Dhibi |url=https://indianculture.gov.in/flipbook/27898 |website=indianculture.gov.in |access-date=3 July 2023}}</ref>

In March&nbsp;2018, archaeologists had discovered three carts and copper artifacts including weapons dating to 1800&nbsp;BC in [[Sanauli]] village of Uttar Pradesh. The artifacts belongs to [[Ochre Coloured Pottery culture]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Parpola |first=Asko |year=2020 |title=Royal "chariot" burials of Sanauli near Delhi and archaeological correlates of prehistoric Indo-Iranian languages |journal=Studia Orientalia Electronica |volume=8 |pages=176 |doi=10.23993/store.98032 |doi-access=free }}</ref>