Editing Cartel (section)

== Organization ==
Drawing upon research on organizational misconduct, scholars in economics, sociology and management have studied the organization of cartels.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Faulkner|first1=Robert R.|last2=Cheney|first2=Eric R.|last3=Fisher|first3=Gene A.|last4=Baker|first4=Wayne E.|date=2003|title=Crime by Committee: Conspirators and Company Men in the Illegal Electrical Industry Cartel, 1954–1959|journal=Criminology|language=en|volume=41|issue=2|pages=511–554|doi=10.1111/j.1745-9125.2003.tb00996.x|issn=1745-9125}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Genesove|first1=David|last2=Mullin|first2=Wallace P|date=2001|title=Rules, Communication, and Collusion: Narrative Evidence from the Sugar Institute Case|journal=American Economic Review|language=en|volume=91|issue=3|pages=379–398|doi=10.1257/aer.91.3.379|s2cid=153786791|issn=0002-8282|url=http://www.nber.org/papers/w8145.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.nber.org/papers/w8145.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live}}</ref> They have paid attention to the way cartel participants work together to conceal their activities from antitrust authorities. Even more than reaching efficiency, participating firms need to ensure that their collective secret is maintained.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Baker|first1=Wayne E.|last2=Faulkner|first2=Robert R.|date=1993|title=The Social Organization of Conspiracy: Illegal Networks in the Heavy Electrical Equipment Industry|journal=American Sociological Review|volume=58|issue=6|pages=837|doi=10.2307/2095954|jstor=2095954}}</ref> “However, the orchestrator, often the vendor with all information, typically remains unnoticed by antitrust authorities, raising questions about the culpability of unaware distributors.”<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Shastitko |first1=A |last2=Dozmarov |first2=K |year=2020 |title=Law and economics vs. formal legal approach in criminal prosecution of the cartel |journal=BRICS Journal of Economics |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=23–38 |doi=10.38050/2712-7508-2020-13|doi-access=free }}</ref>