Editing Carlisle (section)

===Industrial Revolution===
[[File:Proof banknote designed by William Home Lizars for Carlisle City and District Banking Company, 1800s, Garratt Collection. On Display at the British Museum in London.jpg|thumb|A banknote designed by [[William Home Lizars]] for Carlisle City and District Banking Company highlights the town's industrial features.]]
Although Carlisle continued to garrison soldiers, becoming the headquarters of the [[Border Regiment]], the city's importance as a military town decreased as the [[Industrial Revolution|industrial age]] took over. The post of [[Governor of Carlisle]] as garrison commander was abolished in 1838.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mnBbAAAAQAAJ |title=Accounts and Papers: Seventeen Volumes |publisher=UK Government |year=1838 |page=58}}</ref>

In the early 19th century textile mills, engineering works and food manufacturers built factories in the city mostly in the [[Denton Holme]], Caldewgate and Wapping suburbs in the Caldew Valley.<ref>Allen J. Scott, "Solway Country" (Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2015</ref> These included [[Carr's|Carr's of Carlisle]], [[Kangol]], Metal Box and Cowans Sheldon. [[Dixon's Chimney and Shaddon Mill|Shaddon Mill]], in Denton Holme, became famous for having the world's 8th tallest chimney and was the largest cotton mill in England.

The expanding industries brought about an increase in population as jobs shifted from rural farms towards the cities. This produced a housing shortage where at one point 25,000 people in the city only had 5,000 houses to live in. People were said to be herded together with animal houses, slaughter houses and communal lavatories with open drains running between them. Living conditions were so bad that riots were common and some people emigrated. The problem wasn't solved until the end of the 19th century when mass housing was built west of the city walls.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carlisle - History |url=http://www.edgeguide.co.uk/cumbria/carlislehistory.html |access-date=3 May 2011 |publisher=EDGE Guide |archive-date=25 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110625090032/http://www.edgeguide.co.uk/cumbria/carlislehistory.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 1823 a canal was built to Fisher's Cross ([[Port Carlisle]]) to transport goods produced in the city. This enabled other industrial centres such as [[Liverpool]] to link with Carlisle via the [[Solway Firth|Solway]]. This was short-lived and when the canal operators ran into financial difficulty the waterway was filled in.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Port Carlisle |url=http://www.visitcumbria.com/car/port-carlisle.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514054516/http://www.visitcumbria.com/car/port-carlisle.htm |archive-date=14 May 2011 |access-date=3 May 2011 |publisher=Visit Cumbria |df=dmy-all}}</ref> [[Carlisle and Silloth Bay Railway|A railway]] was built in place of the canal.

Carlisle became a major [[railway]] centre on the [[West Coast Main Line]] with connections to the east. At one time seven companies used [[Carlisle railway station|Carlisle Citadel railway station]]. Before the building of the Citadel railway station the city had several other railway stations, including [[Carlisle London Road railway station|London Road railway station]]. Carlisle had the largest railway marshalling yard in Europe, Kingmoor, which, reduced in size, is operational and used by railfreight companies.

The [[Strand Road drill hall, Carlisle|Strand Road drill hall]] opened in 1874.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carlisle |url=http://www.drillhalls.org/Counties/Cumbria/TownCarlisle.htm |access-date=1 September 2017 |publisher=The Drill Hall Project |archive-date=2 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902044236/http://www.drillhalls.org/Counties/Cumbria/TownCarlisle.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>