Editing Canadian Army (section)

==Structure==
{{Main|Structure of the Canadian Army}}
[[File:NDHQ.jpg|thumb|The [[National Defence Headquarters (Canada)|National Defence Headquarters]] in [[Ottawa]] houses the headquarters for the Canadian Armed Forces, including the commander of the Canadian Army.]]
Command of the Army is exercised by the commander of the Canadian Army within [[Department of National Defence Headquarters (Canada)|National Defence Headquarters]] in Ottawa. The Army is divided into four geographical districts: the [[2nd Canadian Division]] is based in [[Quebec]], the [[3rd Canadian Division]] is based in [[Western Canada]], the [[4th Canadian Division]] is based in [[Ontario]], while the [[5th Canadian Division]] is based in [[Atlantic Canada]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://o.canada.com/2013/07/09/canadian-army-reverts-to-british-style-ranks-and-designations/|title=Canadian Army reverts to British-style ranks and designations|access-date=10 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911025802/http://o.canada.com/2013/07/09/canadian-army-reverts-to-british-style-ranks-and-designations/|archive-date=11 September 2013|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

The single operational formation, [[1st Canadian Division]], is part of the [[Canadian Joint Operations Command]] and not part of the Canadian Army. It serves as a deployable headquarters to command a divisional-level deployment of Canadian or allied forces on operations, succeeding the previous Canadian Joint Forces HQ.<ref>{{cite web|title=1st Canadian Division moves to CJOC|url=http://www.forces.gc.ca/en/news/article.page?doc=1st-canadian-division-moves-to-cjoc/i8oa1nrk|website=National Defence and the Canadian Armed Forces|access-date=20 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151121032704/http://www.forces.gc.ca/en/news/article.page?doc=1st-canadian-division-moves-to-cjoc%2Fi8oa1nrk|archive-date=21 November 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

In addition to the four regional command areas, the [[Canadian Army Doctrine and Training Centre]], commanded by a major-general and headquartered at McNaughton Barracks, [[CFB Kingston]], Ontario, is responsible for the supervision, integration and delivery of Army training and doctrine development, including simulation and digitization. It includes a number of schools and training organizations, such as the [[Combat Training Centre]] at [[CFB Gagetown]], New Brunswick, and the [[Canadian Manoeuvre Training Centre]] at [[CFB Wainwright]], Alberta.<ref>Department of National Defence, 2011. Leader in Land Operations: LFDTS Land Force Doctrine and Training System</ref>

Canadian infantry and armoured regimental traditions are strongly rooted in the traditions and [[history of the British Army]]. Many regiments were patterned after regiments of the British Army, and a system of official "alliances", or affiliations, was created to perpetuate a sense of shared history. Other regiments developed independently, resulting in a mixture of both colourful and historically familiar names. Other traditions such as [[battle honour]]s and [[Colours, standards and guidons|colours]] have been maintained by Canadian regiments as well.

The senior appointment within the Canadian Army was Chief of the General Staff until 1964 when the appointment became Commander, Mobile Command in advance of the [[Canadian Forces#Modern reorganization|unification of Canada's military forces]].<ref>Dr. Wilf Lund (n.d.) [http://www.navalandmilitarymuseum.org/resource_pages/controversies/unification.html Integration and Unification of the Canadian Forces] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100115015948/http://www.navalandmilitarymuseum.org/resource_pages/controversies/unification.html |date=2010-01-15 }}, CFB Esquimalt Naval & Military Museum, www.navalandmilitarymuseum.org</ref> The position was renamed Chief of the Land Staff in 1993.<ref>Major Andrew B. Godefroy, CD, PhD (2007) [http://www.journal.forces.gc.ca/vo8/no1/doc/godefroy-eng.pdf ''Chasing the Silver Bullet: the Evolution of Capability Development in the Canadian Army''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717072843/http://www.journal.forces.gc.ca/vo8/no1/doc/godefroy-eng.pdf |date=2011-07-17 }}, Canadian Military Journal, vol 8, no 1, pg 59.</ref> Following the reversion to the name ''Canadian Army'' in 2011, the position became [[Commander of the Canadian Army]].

===Regular force===
{{Main|Regular Force}}
[[File:CFBPetawawa.JPG|thumb|A sign for [[2 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group]] at the entrance to [[CFB Petawawa]]. The mechanized brigade group is one of three maintained by the Regular Force.]]
There are three mechanized [[brigade group]]s in the Canadian Army's Regular Force. Approximately two-thirds of the Regular Force is composed of [[English Canadian|anglophone]] units, while one third is [[francophone]]. The mechanized brigades include battalions from three infantry regiments, the [[Royal Canadian Regiment]], [[Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry]], and the [[Royal 22nd Regiment|Royal 22<sup>e</sup> Regiment]].

Between 1953 and 1971, the Regular infantry consisted of seven regiments, each maintaining two battalions (except the Royal 22<sup>e</sup> Régiment, which had three; [[The Canadian Guards]] which had four battalions between 1953 and 1957; and the [[Canadian Airborne Regiment]], which was divided into three commandos). In addition to the Canadian Guards, and the Canadian Airborne Regiment, the [[Queen's Own Rifles of Canada]], and the [[Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada]] also fielded units that served in Regular Force.

In the years that followed the unification of the Canadian Armed Forces, several units of Regular Force were disbanded, or reduced to nil strength. On 15 September 1968, the 2nd Battalion of the Queen's Own Rifles was reduced to nil strength and transferred to the [[Supplementary Order of Battle]]. Several weeks later, the 1st Battalion of the Canadian Guards was disbanded on 1 October 1968.

In 1970, several more units were reduced to nil strength. The 1st Battalion of the Queen's Own Rifles was reduced to nil strength and transferred to the Supplementary Order of Battle on 27 April 1970, with the unit's personnel forming the 3rd Battalion, Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry. Further reductions occurred from mid-June to early-July 1970, with the Regular Force unit from the [[Fort Garry Horse]] being disbanded on 16 June 1970. The 1st and 2nd Battalions of the Black Watch were reduced to nil strength on 1 July 1970, and transferred to the Supplementary Order of Battle. Several days later, on 6 July 1970, the 2nd Battalion of the Canadian Guards was reduced to nil strength and transferred to the Supplementary Order of Battle; its personnel became a part of [[3rd Battalion, The Royal Canadian Regiment]]. After the Canadian Guards were reduced to nil strength, the role of the [[Household Division|Household Troop]] reverted to the two seniormost infantry regiments of the Reserve. The respective battalions relinquished their numerical battalion designations in 1976.

During the 1990s, the Regular Force saw further organizational restructuring. The Canadian Airborne Regiment was disbanded in 1995,<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003/AF-002—Part Two: Infantry Regiments</ref> while the Regular Force regiment of the [[8th Canadian Hussars (Princess Louise's)]], formed in 1957, was converted to a mixed Regular and Reserve "Total Force" unit with the close-out of [[4 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group]] at [[Lahr]], Germany, in 1994, before reverting to a Reserve regiment in 1997.<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003/AF-001—Part One: Armour, Artillery and Field Engineer Regiments</ref>

===Reserve===
{{Main| Primary Reserve}}
The Army Reserve is the reserve element of the Canadian Army and the largest component of the [[Primary Reserve]]. The Army Reserve is organized into under-strength [[brigade]]s (for purposes of administration) along geographic lines. The Army Reserve is very active and has participated heavily in all Regular Army deployments since 2002, in some cases contributing as much as 40 per cent of each deployment in either individual augmentation, as well as occasional formed sub-units ([[Company (military unit)|companies]]). LFR regiments have the theoretical administrative capacity to support an entire [[battalion]], but typically have the deployable manpower of only one or two [[platoon]]s. They are perpetuated as such for the timely absorption of [[Army recruit|recruit]]s during times of [[war]]. Current strength of the Army Reserve is approximately 18,500.<ref>{{Cite web |last=National Defence |first=Canadian Army |date=2017-05-04 |title=Canadian Army Reserve |url=https://www.canada.ca/en/army/corporate/reserve.html |access-date=2024-10-16 |website=www.canada.ca}}</ref> On 1 April 2008, the Army Reserve absorbed all units of the former Communications Reserve.

===Organization===
The Canadian Army comprises:<ref name="4cd">{{cite web |title=4th Canadian Division - Ontario |url=https://www.canada.ca/en/army/corporate/4-canadian-division.html |publisher=Canadian Army |date=2022-04-20 |access-date=2022-04-20 |archive-date=2020-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200206172759/http://army-armee.forces.gc.ca/en/central/index.page |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.army-armee.forces.gc.ca/en/5-canadian-division/canadian-combat-support-brigade/index.page|title=Canadian Combat Support Brigade - Canadian Army|last=Government of Canada|first=National Defence|date=2016-06-29|website=www.army-armee.forces.gc.ca|access-date=2019-10-01}}</ref>
* [[2nd Canadian Division]]
** 2nd Canadian Division Headquarters
** [[4 Intelligence Company]]
** 2 [[Canadian Rangers|Canadian Ranger]] Patrol Group
** 5 Area Construction Troop, [[4 Engineer Support Regiment]]
** 2nd Canadian Division Training Centre
** [[5 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group]]
** [[34 Canadian Brigade Group]]
** [[35 Canadian Brigade Group]]
** 2nd Canadian Division Support Group
* [[3rd Canadian Division]]
** 3rd Canadian Division Headquarters
** [[6 Intelligence Company]]
** 1 Canadian Ranger Patrol Group
** 4 Canadian Ranger Patrol Group
** 1 Area Construction Troop, 4 Engineer Support Regiment
** 1 Military Police Regiment
** 3rd Canadian Division Training Centre
** [[1 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group]]
** [[38 Canadian Brigade Group]]
** [[39 Canadian Brigade Group]]
** [[41 Canadian Brigade Group]]
** 3rd Canadian Division Support Group
* [[4th Canadian Division]]
** 4th Canadian Division Headquarters
** [[2 Intelligence Company]]
** 3 Canadian Ranger Patrol Group
** [[2 Military Police Regiment]]
** [[4th Canadian Division Training Centre]]
** [[2 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group]]
** [[31 Canadian Brigade Group]]
** [[32 Canadian Brigade Group]]
** [[33 Canadian Brigade Group]]
** [[4th Canadian Division Support Group]]
* [[5th Canadian Division]]
** 5th Canadian Division Headquarters
** [[3 Intelligence Company]]
** 5 Canadian Ranger Patrol Group
** [[3 Military Police Regiment (Canada)|3 Military Police Regiment]]
** 4 Area Construction Troop, 4 Engineer Support Regiment
** [[Land Force Atlantic Area Training Centre Aldershot|5th Canadian Division Training Centre]]
** [[36 Canadian Brigade Group]]
** [[37 Canadian Brigade Group]]
** 5th Canadian Division Support Group
** [[6 Canadian Combat Support Brigade]]
*** Influence Activities Task Force (PsyOps, CIMIC)
*** Canadian Army Intelligence Regiment
***[[21 Electronic Warfare Regiment]]
*** 4th Artillery Regiment, RCA
*** [[4 Engineer Support Regiment]]
Additionally, the command comprises the [[Canadian Army Doctrine and Training Centre]], which includes the following establishments:
* CADTC Headquarters
*[[Canadian Army Command and Staff College|Command and Staff College]]
* Army Training Directorate
* CIMIC Directorate
* Army Doctrine Directorate
* Psyops Directorate
*[[Combat Training Centre]]
* Environment Directorate
* School of Communications and Electronics
* Digitization Office
* Lessons Learned Centre
*[[Peace Support Training Centre]]
*[[Canadian Manoeuvre Training Centre]]