Editing Camorra (section)

==Outside Italy==
Despite its origins, it presently has secondary ramifications in other Italian regions, like [[Lazio]], [[Lombardy]], [[Emilia-Romagna]] and [[Piedmont]] in connection with the centres of national economic power.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lastampa.it/cronaca/2019/06/26/news/maxiblitz-contro-la-camorra-oltre-cento-arresti-in-tutta-italia-contro-l-alleanza-di-secondigliano-1.36543953|title=Maxiblitz contro la camorra: oltre cento arresti in tutta Italia contro l'Alleanza di Secondigliano - La Stampa|date=26 June 2019|website=lastampa.it|language=it-IT|access-date=7 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191107165019/https://www.lastampa.it/cronaca/2019/06/26/news/maxiblitz-contro-la-camorra-oltre-cento-arresti-in-tutta-italia-contro-l-alleanza-di-secondigliano-1.36543953|archive-date=7 November 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cronachedellacampania.it/2019/07/camorra-i-mazzarella-hanno-esteso-le-loro-radici-nel-lazio-e-in-sardegna-la-conferma-dalla-relazione-della-dia/|title=Camorra, i Mazzarella hanno esteso le loro radici nel Lazio e in Sardegna: la conferma dalla relazione della Diadate=22 July 2019|website=Cronache della Campania|date = 22 July 2019|language=it-IT|access-date=7 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191107165020/https://www.cronachedellacampania.it/2019/07/camorra-i-mazzarella-hanno-esteso-le-loro-radici-nel-lazio-e-in-sardegna-la-conferma-dalla-relazione-della-dia/|archive-date=7 November 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ilcittadinomb.it/stories/Cronaca/mafie-la-relazione-della-dia-in-lombardia-le-nuove-leve-usano-strategie-milit_1316348_11/|title=Mafie, la relazione della Dia: "In Lombardia le nuove leve usano strategie militari"|website=www.ilcittadinomb.it|language=it|access-date=7 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191107165402/https://www.ilcittadinomb.it/stories/Cronaca/mafie-la-relazione-della-dia-in-lombardia-le-nuove-leve-usano-strategie-milit_1316348_11/|archive-date=7 November 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-01-23|title=Camorra, smantellato il clan Moccia: 45 arresti tra Napoli e Roma|url=http://www.lanotiziagiornale.it/camorra-smentellato-il-clan-moccia-45-arresti-tra-campania-e-lazio-svelato-il-business-criminale-da-napoli-a-roma/|access-date=2020-06-10|website=La Notizia|language=it-IT}}</ref> 

From the 1980s onwards, with its massive involvement in drug trafficking, the Camorra expanded its operations to other countries, particularly Spain. The organization established strong ties with international drug cartels, notably in South America, and began to use Spain and other countries as a key transit point for smuggling cocaine and other illicit substances into Europe. This expansion allowed the Camorra to strengthen its control over the European drug trade while also diversifying its criminal activities across the continent. In addition to drug trafficking, the Camorra has been notorious for its sophisticated money laundering operations. It uses legitimate businesses, such as restaurants, hotels, construction companies, and financial institutions, to clean the proceeds from their illegal activities. This web of money laundering extends globally, with the organization using international banking systems and offshore accounts to conceal and legitimize their earnings.<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/longform/mafia-and-organized-crime-in-europe/map/|title=Mafia and Organized Crime in Europe|website=Il Fatto Quotidiano|access-date=17 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190320204354/https://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/longform/mafia-and-organized-crime-in-europe/map/|archive-date=20 March 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Cimmarusti |first=Ivan |date=2022-12-05 |title=Camorra, il «sistema» del riciclaggio dalla Campania all’Emilia-Romagna: la Gdf sequestra 293 milioni |url=https://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/camorra-sistema-riciclaggio-campania-all-emilia-romagna-gdf-sequestra-293-milioni-AEtmOgMC |access-date=2025-04-08 |website=Il Sole 24 ORE |language=it}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Cimmarusti |first=Ivan |date=2024-07-09 |title=Roma, riciclaggio di camorra e ’ndrangheta con mafia capitolina e destra eversiva |url=https://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/il-patto-criminale-roma-riciclaggio-camorra-e-ndrangheta-mafia-capitolina-e-destra-eversiva-arresto-18-persone-e-sequestri-130-milioni-AFiew9fC |access-date=2025-04-08 |website=Il Sole 24 ORE |language=it}}</ref>

===France===

The Camorra has been present in France since the early 1980s. The locations with the biggest presence of the organization in the country are the [[French Riviera]], Paris and [[Lyon]]. Their biggest objective in the country has always been to create contacts for drug trafficking but also [[money laundering]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.20minutes.fr/societe/1970243-20161128-reseaux-mafia-italienne-france|title=Quels sont les réseaux de la mafia en France?|website=20 Minutes|date=28 November 2016 |access-date=17 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424045039/https://www.20minutes.fr/societe/1970243-20161128-reseaux-mafia-italienne-france|archive-date=24 April 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1993, the Camorra and the [[Sicilian Mafia]] were accused of running a $1.5&nbsp;billion operation to launder drug money through banks, insurance companies, hotels and casinos in Italy and on the [[French Riviera]], arresting 36 suspects.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/05/14/world/italy-intensifies-crackdown-on-organized-crime.html|title=Italy Intensifies Crackdown on Organized Crime|first=Alan|last=Cowell|date=14 May 1993|work=The New York Times|access-date=17 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327100403/https://www.nytimes.com/1993/05/14/world/italy-intensifies-crackdown-on-organized-crime.html|archive-date=27 March 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[Paolo Di Lauro]] funnelled the proceeds into real estate, buying dozens of flats in Naples, owning shops in France and the Netherlands, as well as businesses importing fur, fake fur and lingerie.<ref name=ind081204>[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/the-blood-is-running-mafia-wars-erupt-again-679909.html 'The blood is running': Mafia wars erupt again]{{dead link|date=August 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}, The Independent, 8 December 2004</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.agoravox.fr/actualites/economie/article/la-camorra-a-paris-quand-le-boss-74266|title=La camorra à Paris : quand le boss roulait sa Lamborghini sur les Champs|date=30 April 2010|website=AgoraVox|access-date=17 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190321041507/https://www.agoravox.fr/actualites/economie/article/la-camorra-a-paris-quand-le-boss-74266|archive-date=21 March 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2014, Antonio Lo Russo, member of the powerful [[Lo Russo clan]] and considered the new regent of the clan, and his cousin Carlo Lo Russo were arrested by agents of [[National Gendarmerie]] Section de recherches and by [[Carabinieri]] when quietly in a bar in [[Nice]]. The clan is accused of [[extortion]], drug trafficking and murder. According to the then Minister of the Interior of France, [[Bernard Cazeneuve]], the arrest of Lo Russo was a hard blow for the organized crime in the country.<ref>{{in lang|fr}} [http://www.lefigaro.fr/actualite-france/2014/04/16/01016-20140416ARTFIG00241-un-grand-chef-de-la-mafia-italienne-arrete-a-nice.php Un grand chef de la mafia italienne arrêté à Nice] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327091844/http://www.lefigaro.fr/actualite-france/2014/04/16/01016-20140416ARTFIG00241-un-grand-chef-de-la-mafia-italienne-arrete-a-nice.php |date=27 March 2019 }}</ref>

===Ivory Coast===

The [[Augusto La Torre|La Torre clan]] was known to launder money in the country with the help of the former chancellor of [[Salerno]], Cesare Salomone.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.salernotoday.it/cronaca/camorra-ex-cancelliere-cesare-salomone-riciclaggio-internazionale.html|title=Camorra, riciclaggio in Costa d'Avorio: "la talpa" era un ex cancelliere salernitano|website=www.salernotoday.it|access-date=14 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191128162550/http://www.salernotoday.it/cronaca/camorra-ex-cancelliere-cesare-salomone-riciclaggio-internazionale.html|archive-date=28 November 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In June 2019 the operation ''Spaghetti Connection'' dismantled an international drug network involving the Camorra and the 'Ndrangheta in [[Abidjan]] and [[Tabou, Ivory Coast|Tabou]]. The police seized 1.19 tons of cocaine, with the value of €250 million in the European market. This operation was the third of its kind in [[Ivory Coast]] in less than three years, but the largest by its magnitude. Six Italians, one French and three Ivorians were arrested.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.rfi.fr/afrique/20190607-cote-ivoire-reseau-international-trafiquants-cocaine-demantele|title=Côte d'Ivoire: un réseau international de trafiquants de cocaïne démantelé|newspaper=[[Radio France Internationale]]|language=fr|date=8 June 2019|access-date=14 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190614084956/http://www.rfi.fr/afrique/20190607-cote-ivoire-reseau-international-trafiquants-cocaine-demantele|archive-date=14 June 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

According to Silvain Coué, a French liaison officer, who participated of the operation:
{{Blockquote|For 20 years, West Africa has become, if not a hub, a very important rebound zone for traffickers.This operation proves that if they thought that Ivory Coast and West Africa could be a sanctuary, they were wrong.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.lefigaro.fr/flash-actu/cote-d-ivoire-un-reseau-de-trafic-international-de-drogue-demantele-20190607|title=Côte d'Ivoire: un réseau de trafic international de drogue démantelé|newspaper=[[Le Figaro]]|language=fr|date=June 7, 2019|access-date=June 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190610114501/http://www.lefigaro.fr/flash-actu/cote-d-ivoire-un-reseau-de-trafic-international-de-drogue-demantele-20190607|archive-date=June 10, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>}}

The drug trafficking in the country is said to contribute to the financing of the various jihadist groups in the [[Sahel]], [[Africa]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.francetvinfo.fr/monde/afrique/cote-d-ivoire/un-trafic-de-cocaine-impliquant-les-mafias-italiennes-demantele-en-cote-d-ivoire_3484799.html|title=Un trafic de cocaïne impliquant les mafias italiennes démantelé en Côte d'Ivoire|newspaper=[[France Info (radio network)|Franceinfo]]|language=fr|date=12 June 2019|access-date=14 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190614223549/https://www.francetvinfo.fr/monde/afrique/cote-d-ivoire/un-trafic-de-cocaine-impliquant-les-mafias-italiennes-demantele-en-cote-d-ivoire_3484799.html|archive-date=14 June 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Morocco===

Giuseppe Polverino, the leader of the [[Polverino clan]] before his arrest, was considered the '[[hashish]] king', due to his monopoly on the importation of hashish from Morocco to Italy via Spain supplying not only all the Camorra clans, but also the [['Ndrangheta]], the [[Sicilian Mafia]] and the [[Sacra Corona Unita]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://napoli.repubblica.it/cronaca/2012/03/07/news/il_re_dell_hashish-31111234/|title=Polverino, il re dell'hashish|website=Napoli – La Repubblica|date=7 March 2012|access-date=17 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327111921/https://napoli.repubblica.it/cronaca/2012/03/07/news/il_re_dell_hashish-31111234/|archive-date=27 March 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> The Polverino clan had a monopoly of the hashish trade since 1992. According to one of the [[pentito]]s of the clan, Domenico Verde, the hashish was cultivated in the region of [[Ketama, Morocco|Ketama]], and arrived by mules in the beginning, but later was modernized and accessible on trucks and cars.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.stylo24.it/inchieste/camorra-marano-droga-spagna/|title=Il narcos arrivò alla piantagione di canapa sul monte a dorso di un mulo|date=14 March 2018|access-date=17 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327092927/https://www.stylo24.it/inchieste/camorra-marano-droga-spagna/|archive-date=27 March 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

On 18 March 2019 an Italian, suspected of being one of the leaders of the [[Mazzarella clan]], was arrested in the Ourika region, near [[Marrakech]]. He had a pursuant to a red notice issued against him by [[Interpol]] in January 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.yabiladi.com/articles/details/75979/morocco-arrests-italian-national-suspected.html|title=Morocco arrests an Italian national suspected of being leader of "Camorra"|work=Yabiladi|access-date=17 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327090508/https://en.yabiladi.com/articles/details/75979/morocco-arrests-italian-national-suspected.html|archive-date=27 March 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

On 29 May 2019 Raffaele Vallefuoco, an important member of the [[Polverino clan]], was arrested in the [[Rabat]] region. Vallefuoco is considered one of the biggest drug traffickers in Italy and was included on the list of the 50 most wanted fugitives.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://napoli.repubblica.it/cronaca/2019/05/29/news/camorra_arrestato_in_marocco_raffaele_vallefuoco_latitante_clan_polverino-227520219/?refresh_ce|title=Camorra, arrestato in Marocco Raffaele Vallefuoco nella lista dei 50 ricercati più pericolosi |newspaper= [[la Repubblica]]|date=29 May 2019 }}
</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://ledesk.ma/encontinu/arrestation-tanger-dun-membre-de-la-camorra-italienne |title=Arrestation à Tanger d'un membre de la Camorra italienne |newspaper=ledesk.ma |access-date=30 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190530043421/https://ledesk.ma/encontinu/arrestation-tanger-dun-membre-de-la-camorra-italienne/ |archive-date=30 May 2019 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Netherlands===

According to [[Francesco Forgione (politician)|Francesco Forgione]], the former president of the [[Antimafia Commission]], the Camorra is very active in gambling houses and money laundering in the Netherlands. The Camorra also uses the country to counterfeit clothes, and the clans most involved in this illegal activity are the [[Licciardi clan]], the [[Di Lauro clan]] and the Sarno clan.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/longform/mafia-and-organized-crime-in-europe/map/netherlands/|title=Netherlands|website=Il Fatto Quotidiano|access-date=17 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190320204505/https://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/longform/mafia-and-organized-crime-in-europe/map/netherlands/|archive-date=20 March 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[Augusto La Torre]], the former leader of the La Torre clan is suspected of having hid hundreds of millions of euros in Dutch banks, as the La Torre clan was very active in the country in the 1990s transporting large cocaine shipments from South America to [[Naples]] via the Netherlands.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ad.nl/buitenland/augusto-la-torre-kon-zijn-maffia-dna-niet-langer-verbergen~abb1f24e/|title=Augusto La Torre kon zijn maffia-dna niet langer verbergen|website=Algemeen Dagblad|access-date=17 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191128040225/https://www.ad.nl/buitenland/augusto-la-torre-kon-zijn-maffia-dna-niet-langer-verbergen~abb1f24e/|archive-date=28 November 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1996, [[Raffaele Imperiale]] bought a coffee shop called Rockland Coffee in Amsterdam, where he sold soft drugs and was involved in large scale cocaine trafficking with the Dutch drug trader Rick van de Bunt. Imperiale worked in Amsterdam until 2008. In 2016, two stolen [[Van Gogh]] paintings from the [[Van Gogh Museum]] in Amsterdam in 2002 were recovered in a villa near [[Naples]], connected to Raffaele Imperiale, accused of being one of the Camorra's prolific drug barons. Imperiale was sentenced to 18 years ''[[Trial in absentia|in absentia]]'' for drug offenses.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/stolen-van-gogh-masterpieces-found-in-mafias-lair-returning-home-after-mobsters-conviction|title=Stolen Van Gogh masterpieces found in Mafia's lair returning home after mobster's conviction |work=National Post|date=20 January 2017|last1=Humphreys |first1=Adrian }}</ref> After fleeing the Netherlands to [[Dubai]], he had been seen in the [[Burj Al Arab]] hotel.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/maffiabaas-en-van-gogh-koper-werkte-jarenlang-in-amsterdam~aadd2c7a/|title=Maffiabaas en Van Gogh-koper werkte jarenlang in Amsterdam|website=Algemeen Dagblad|access-date=17 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327091805/https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/maffiabaas-en-van-gogh-koper-werkte-jarenlang-in-amsterdam~aadd2c7a/|archive-date=27 March 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

On 27 November 2019, the [[Direzione Investigativa Antimafia|DIA]] with the support of the Dutch police arrested Alfredo Marfella, a drug trafficker working for Camorra clans, in [[The Hague]]. Marfella is believed to have played a coordinating role in the drug trade from the Netherlands to Italy.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.crimesite.nl/italiaanse-camorra-verdachte-aangehouden-in-nederland/|title=Italiaanse Camorra-verdachte aangehouden in Nederland|last= |date=27 November 2019|website=Crimesite|language=nl|access-date=27 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191127182242/https://www.crimesite.nl/italiaanse-camorra-verdachte-aangehouden-in-nederland/|archive-date=27 November 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://napoli.fanpage.it/camorra-arrestato-narcos-latitante-dal-2016-faceva-lo-chef-in-olanda/|title=Camorra, arrestato narcos latitante dal 2016: faceva lo chef in Olanda|website=Napoli Fanpage|language=it|access-date=27 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191127182244/https://napoli.fanpage.it/camorra-arrestato-narcos-latitante-dal-2016-faceva-lo-chef-in-olanda/|archive-date=27 November 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In December  2019, the Dutch police arrested in [[The Hague]], Dario Pasutto, a businessman suspected of smuggling thousands of kilos of cocaine and tens of thousands of kilos of hashish from the Netherlands to Italy. According to the Dutch press, the suspect is a well-known flamboyant entrepreneur, and for many years a Camorra affiliate.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.crimesite.nl/camorra-verdachte-den-haag-is-flamboyante-ondernemer/|title=Camorra-verdachte Den Haag is flamboyante ondernemer|last= |date=19 December 2019|website=Crimesite|language=nl|access-date=20 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220144539/https://www.crimesite.nl/camorra-verdachte-den-haag-is-flamboyante-ondernemer/|archive-date=20 December 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/weer-maffia-arrestatie-in-den-haag-flamboyante-haagse-ondernemer-aangehouden-br~afa6e02d/?referrer=https://www.google.com/|title=Wéér maffia-arrestatie in Den Haag: flamboyante Haagse ondernemer aangehouden|website=AD.nl|language=nl}}</ref> The arrest of Pasutto is related to the arrests made by the Italian police in Naples in the same week against a group of drug traffickers that were smuggling cocaine from Colombia to the city of Naples with the help of Camorra clans.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://internapoli.it/colpo-ai-narcos-napoletani-i-nomi-dei-12-arrestati-ce-il-figlio-di-patrizio-vastarella/|title=Colpo ai Narcos napoletani, i nomi dei 12 arrestati: c'è il figlio di Patrizio Vastarella|date=18 December 2019|website=InterNapoli.it|language=it-IT|access-date=20 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220164401/https://internapoli.it/colpo-ai-narcos-napoletani-i-nomi-dei-12-arrestati-ce-il-figlio-di-patrizio-vastarella/|archive-date=20 December 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Peru===
As Peru is one of the largest cocaine producers in the world, the Camorra's interest in the country is entirely related to the drug trafficking.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Peru Now The Biggest Cocaine Producer|url=https://www.nhpr.org/post/peru-now-biggest-cocaine-producer|access-date=2020-06-11|website=www.nhpr.org|date=15 January 2014|language=en}}</ref>

In the 1980s, [[Umberto Ammaturo]], a Camorra affiliate, established a virtual monopoly of cocaine trafficking to Italy from [[Peru]], where he benefited from the protection and collusion of important personalities.<ref name="jamieson">[http://www.bmlv.gv.at/pdf_pool/publikationen/03_jb99_04.pdf Cooperation between organized crime groups around the world] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718153044/http://www.bmlv.gv.at/pdf_pool/publikationen/03_jb99_04.pdf|date=18 July 2011}}, by Alison Jamieson, Jahrbuch für internationale Sicherheitspolitik 1999, December 1999 {{ISBN|3-8132-0599-1}}</ref> According to the US [[Drug Enforcement Administration|DEA]], due to his trafficking activities, Ammaturo was one of the chief financiers of the [[Shining Path]] guerrilla movement in Peru.<ref>Behan, The Camorra, pp. 131–132</ref>

One of the leaders of the [[Mazzarella clan]], Salvatore Zazo, was allegedly involved in a large scheme of international cocaine trafficking from Peru to Europe, with the intention to acquire total control of the Port of [[Callao]]; one of his contacts was Gerald Oropeza, one of the biggest drug traffickers in Peru.<ref>{{cite web|date=26 April 2015|title=Gerald Oropeza tendría nexos con capo de la "Camorra Napolitana"|url=https://peru.com/actualidad/mi-ciudad/gerald-oropeza-tendria-nexos-capo-camorra-napolitana-noticia-350055|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151214194406/http://peru.com/actualidad/mi-ciudad/gerald-oropeza-tendria-nexos-capo-camorra-napolitana-noticia-350055|archive-date=14 December 2015|access-date=17 April 2020|website=Peru.com}}</ref>
According to the DEA, Zazo would manage more than U$500&nbsp;million per year in shipments of cocaine through the ports of the country to Europe.<ref>{{cite web|title=Gerald Oropeza y sus vínculos con la temible mafia 'Camorra Napolitana'|url=https://www.americatv.com.pe/noticias/actualidad/gerald-oropeza-y-sus-vinculos-temible-mafia-camorra-napolitana-n179821|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327090343/https://www.americatv.com.pe/noticias/actualidad/gerald-oropeza-y-sus-vinculos-temible-mafia-camorra-napolitana-n179821|archive-date=27 March 2019|access-date=17 April 2020|website=América Noticias}}</ref>

A 2021 report made by Raúl Del Castillo, general of the [[National Police of Peru]], stressed that Europe is today the main destination of Peruvian cocaine, specifying also that Camorra clans are among the international criminal organizations that have their emissaries "working" in Peru.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Grossi|first=Luca|title=Produzione di droga in America Latina: 649 tonnellate in Perù e 936 in Colombia|url=https://www.antimafiaduemila.com/home/terzo-millennio/310-narcotraffico/86558-produzione-di-droga-in-america-latina-649-tonnellate-in-peru-e-936-in-colombia.html|access-date=2021-11-02|website=Antimafia Duemila {{!}} Fondatore Giorgio Bongiovanni|date=November 2021 |language=it-IT}}</ref>

The notorious "super cartel" headed by [[Raffaele Imperiale]], one of the major drug traffickers of the Camorra, had a virtual monopoly of the Peruvian cocaine trade, in which the drugs were distributed throughout Europe.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Melone |first=Francesco |date=2022-11-18 |title=Raffaele Imperiale, da una rivendita di bevande al controllo di un terzo del commercio di cocaina in Europa |url=https://www.casertanotizie.com/cronaca/2022/11/18/raffaele-imperiale-da-una-rivendita-di-bevande-al-controllo-di-un-terzo-del-commercio-di-cocaina-in-europa/ |access-date=2022-12-12 |website=Caserta Notizie |language=it-IT}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=amduemila-1 |title=Raffaele Imperiale: la droga, la latitanza a Dubai e quei quadri (recuperati) di Van Gogh |url=https://www.antimafiaduemila.com/home/mafie-news/230-camorra/64157-raffaele-imperiale-la-droga-la-litanza-a-dubai-e-quei-quadri-recuperati-di-van-gogh.html |access-date=2022-12-12 |website=Antimafia Duemila {{!}} Fondatore Giorgio Bongiovanni |date=6 February 2017 |language=it-IT}}</ref>

===Romania===

Camorra clans in Romania deal in [[money laundering]].<ref name="auto"/> In 2017, Gaetano Manzo, the accountant of the Sacco-Bocchetti clan, was arrested in his villa in [[Fizeșu Gherlii]].
The Sacco-Bocchetti clan is a subgroup of the [[Licciardi clan]] and Manzo took care of the accounting of the clan, and often supervised the supply of drugs from abroad.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.anteprima24.it/napoli/ragioniere-clan-arrestato/|title="Ragioniere" del clan Sacco-Bocchetti arrestato in Romania|date=11 August 2017|website=Anteprima24.it}}</ref>

In 2018, Nicola Inquieto, an Italian businessman with strong ties to [[Michele Zagaria]] one of the leaders of the powerful [[Casalesi clan]], was arrested in Romania. Inquieto has built hundreds of apartments through his companies and owns the most modern spa in [[Argeș County]]. The prosecutors have also seized 400 apartments in [[Pitești]] belonging to his companies. His businesses in the country are valued at several million euros.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.romaniajournal.ro/society-people/italian-with-businesses-of-millions-of-euros-in-romania-arrested-on-charges-of-money-laundering-for-the-camorra/|title=Italian with businesses of millions of euros in Romania, arrested on charges of money laundering for the Camorra|first=Valeriu|last=Lazar|date=12 April 2018|access-date=17 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190708051859/https://www.romaniajournal.ro/society-people/italian-with-businesses-of-millions-of-euros-in-romania-arrested-on-charges-of-money-laundering-for-the-camorra/|archive-date=8 July 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

On 19 October 2019, Vincenzo Inquieto, right-hand man of Michele Zagaria and brother of Nicola Inquieto, was arrested in the [[Naples International Airport]] after returning from [[Bucharest]]. According to the Romanian media, since the arrest of his brother Nicola, Vincenzo lived permanently in the country, returning rarely to Italy. And was reportedly taking charge of the vast business the Casalesi clan, particularly the Zagaria's faction, held in Romania.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.stiridiaspora.ro/legaturile-cu-romania-ale-clanului-casalesi-celebru-mafiot-din-italia-prins-dupa-o-calatorie-de-afaceri-in-ara-noastra_429852.html|title=Legăturile cu România ale clanului Casalesi: Celebru Mafiot din Italia, prins după o "călătorie de afaceri" în țara noastră|last=Nicolau|first=Nicoleta|website=www.stiridiaspora.ro|language=en|access-date=20 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191020162617/https://www.stiridiaspora.ro/legaturile-cu-romania-ale-clanului-casalesi-celebru-mafiot-din-italia-prins-dupa-o-calatorie-de-afaceri-in-ara-noastra_429852.html|archive-date=20 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://caserta.occhionotizie.it/arrestato-vincenzo-inquieto-camorra-zagaria/|title=Camorra, catturato a Capodichino il braccio destro del boss Zagaria|date=20 October 2019|website=L'Occhio di Caserta|language=it-IT|access-date=20 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191020162617/https://caserta.occhionotizie.it/arrestato-vincenzo-inquieto-camorra-zagaria/|archive-date=20 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Spain===

According to the journalist [[Roberto Saviano]], Spain (after Italy) is the country most entwined with the Camorra. It is where the Camorra clans established its massive businesses revolving around drug trafficking and [[money laundering]] in real estate.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cafebabel.com/en/article/roberto-saviano-spain-in-mafia-hands-5ae00686f723b35a145e0ce3/|title=Roberto Saviano: Spain in mafia hands|first=Adriano|last=Farano|website=Cafébabel|language=es|access-date=17 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191001143500/https://cafebabel.com/en/article/roberto-saviano-spain-in-mafia-hands-5ae00686f723b35a145e0ce3/|archive-date=1 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Camorra has been in Spain since the 1980s. The most powerful clan acting in the country is the [[Polverino clan]] due to the number of people they have installed and because of the potential of their structure. They have influence in the cities of [[Alicante]], [[Tarragona]], [[Málaga]] and [[Cádiz]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://revistafiatlux.com/la-camorra-en-espana/|title=La Camorra en España|work=Revista Fiat Lux|language=es|access-date=17 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191001160515/http://revistafiatlux.com/la-camorra-en-espana/|archive-date=1 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

According to the Italian antimafia police, in recent times, the Camorra clans based in Spain have accumulated €700&nbsp;million as a result of drug trafficking and [[money laundering]] in the country.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.elimparcial.es/noticia/40227/opinion/camorra-espana-y-costa-nostra.html|title=Camorra, España y Costa Nostra|website=El Imparcial|language=es|access-date=17 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327091628/https://www.elimparcial.es/noticia/40227/opinion/camorra-espana-y-costa-nostra.html|archive-date=27 March 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The presence of the organization in the [[Costa del Sol]] is so strong that Camorra bosses refer to it as ''Costa Nostra''' ("Our Coast"), according to Italian journalist [[Roberto Saviano]], a specialist on the Naples criminal underworld.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thelocal.it/20190205/spanish-police-strike-blow-to-camorra-crime-network|title=Spanish police strike blow to Camorra mafia crime network|date=5 February 2019|website=thelocal.it|access-date=17 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191115184500/https://www.thelocal.it/20190205/spanish-police-strike-blow-to-camorra-crime-network|archive-date=15 November 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

Another clan with influence in Spain is the [[Scissionisti di Secondigliano]] led by [[Raffaele Amato]] nicknamed Lo Spagnolo (the Spaniard), because before creating his own clan, he controlled the drug trafficking operation from [[Galicia (Spain)|Galicia]] to [[Naples]] for the [[Di Lauro clan]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://elpais.com/diario/2009/05/18/espana/1242597609_850215.html|title=Detenido en Marbella El Español, sanguinario jefe de la Camorra|date=18 May 2009|newspaper=El País|language=es|access-date=17 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327090307/https://elpais.com/diario/2009/05/18/espana/1242597609_850215.html|archive-date=27 March 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> Amato was arrested as he left a casino in [[Barcelona]] in 2005.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4303235.stm|title='Naples crime boss' held in Spain|date=28 February 2005|publisher=BBC|access-date=17 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170529132401/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4303235.stm|archive-date=29 May 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

The drug trafficker Pasquale Brunese was arrested in [[Valencia]] in 2015, after seven years hiding from the Italian police.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ilmessaggero.it/primopiano/esteri/spagna_arrestato_sette_anni_latitanza_pasquale_brunese_cameriere-1434064.html|title=Spagna, arrestato dopo sette anni di latitanza Pasquale Brunese: si nascondeva facendo il cameriere|website=www.ilmessaggero.it|date=17 December 2015|language=it|access-date=26 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190926185837/https://www.ilmessaggero.it/primopiano/esteri/spagna_arrestato_sette_anni_latitanza_pasquale_brunese_cameriere-1434064.html|archive-date=26 September 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> He was a member of the [[De Luca Bossa clan]], for whom he worked in the drug trade. In Spain, Brunese owned a restaurant and was living with a false name.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lainformacion.com/espana/cae-en-valencia-pasquale-brunese-mafioso-del-clan-luca-bossa-en-fuga-desde-2008_bnHkBLnfwgovnaCAsDsuG5/|title=Cae en Valencia Pasquale Brunese, mafioso del clan Luca-Bossa, en fuga desde 2008|website=La Información|language=es|access-date=26 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190926190151/https://www.lainformacion.com/espana/cae-en-valencia-pasquale-brunese-mafioso-del-clan-luca-bossa-en-fuga-desde-2008_bnHkBLnfwgovnaCAsDsuG5/|archive-date=26 September 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.roadtvitalia.it/arrestato-in-spagna-pasquale-brunese-trafficante-di-droga-vicino-al-clan-de-luca-bossa/|title=Arrestato in Spagna Pasquale Brunese, trafficante di droga vicino al clan De Luca-Bossa|date=17 December 2015|website=ROAD TV ITALIA|language=it-IT|access-date=26 September 2019}}</ref>

In February 2019, the Spanish police arrested 14 members of the notorious Marranella clan. According to the [[Civil Guard (Spain)|Guardia Civil]], the clan is one of the most important and violent criminal organizations dedicated to the international drug trade and is based in the [[Costa del Sol]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.foxnews.com/world/spanish-police-nab-camorra-members-after-notorious-crime-family-stole-drugs-from-rival-traffickers|title=Spanish police nab Camorra members after notorious crime family stole drugs from rival traffickers|first=Barnini|last=Chakraborty|date=6 February 2019|publisher=Fox News Channel|access-date=17 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191130203552/https://www.foxnews.com/world/spanish-police-nab-camorra-members-after-notorious-crime-family-stole-drugs-from-rival-traffickers|archive-date=30 November 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

Alfredo Barasso, linked to the bloodthirsty Casalesi boss [[Giuseppe Setola]], was arrested in [[Valencia]] and extradited to Italy. Barasso was a "bridge" between Italy and Spain, working for the [[Casalesi clan]] in the drugs management in the [[Barcelona]] area. After his decision to become a pentito, and afraid of retaliation by the Camorra, Barasso would be willing to return to Spain, where he has wife and children, and pay his penalty there, as provided by the bilateral agreements between the two countries.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://milano.corriere.it/notizie/cronaca/19_settembre_29/camorra-omicidi-efferati-carichi-coca-nell-hinterland-cella-gola-profonda-clan-5cd97646-e27b-11e9-9830-af2de6b1f945.shtml|title=Camorra, omicidi efferati e carichi di coca nell'hinterland. In cella la gola profonda dei clan|last=Galli|first=Andrea|date=29 September 2019|website=Corriere della Sera|language=it|access-date=1 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191004014703/https://milano.corriere.it/notizie/cronaca/19_settembre_29/camorra-omicidi-efferati-carichi-coca-nell-hinterland-cella-gola-profonda-clan-5cd97646-e27b-11e9-9830-af2de6b1f945.shtml|archive-date=4 October 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

According to a 2019 documentary of the Spanish television, [[Barcelona]] is the nerve center of the organization outside Italy, exposing the endless business of the Camorra in [[Catalonia]], from the massive drug trafficking to the laundering of huge amounts of money in restaurants, clubs and hotels of the region. The documentary also features an interview with Maurizio Prestieri, former member of the [[Di Lauro clan]] arrested in Marbella in 2003 and now pentito, who said that Spain is the favorite place for the ''camorristi.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.elperiodico.cat/ca/tele/20191016/capo-camorra-napolitana-proces-independencia-catalunya-7685017|title=Un capo de la Camorra: "La independència de Catalunya és un teló per operar sense fer soroll"|date=16 October 2019|website=elperiodico|language=ca|access-date=16 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191016162221/https://www.elperiodico.cat/ca/tele/20191016/capo-camorra-napolitana-proces-independencia-catalunya-7685017|archive-date=16 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Also in 2019, relatives of top members belonging to the [[Polverino clan]] claim three million euros to the Spanish State of compensation after their relatives were acquitted by the National Court of the crime of money laundering for which they were arrested in 2013 and tried in 2016. Among the assets seized were six yachts, two [[Ferrari Testarossa]], one [[Lamborghini]], one [[Harley-Davidson]], bank accounts and real estate. The plaintiffs are all relatives of the late Giuseppe Felaco, who was allegedly an important member of the Polverino clan based in the [[Canary Islands]], they assure that this Spanish police operation against their family has been a great economic damage, apart from a moral damage.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://elpais.com/politica/2019/10/10/actualidad/1570709940_455920.html|title=Familiares de jefes de la camorra reclaman tres millones a España tras ser absueltos de blanqueo|last=Hernández|first=José Antonio|date=10 October 2019|work=El País|access-date=21 October 2019|language=es|issn=1134-6582|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191021181431/https://elpais.com/politica/2019/10/10/actualidad/1570709940_455920.html|archive-date=21 October 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

On 20 November 2019, the Italian police with the cooperation of the Spanish police, arrested two members of the [[Polverino clan]], who belonged to a major transnational organizational structure, created by the Polverinos, based in Valencia and Naples, that between 2001 and 2012 imported hashish from [[Morocco]] via Spain to arrive in the Campania region.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/85819/italie-arrestation-negociateurs-italiens-mafia.html|title=Italie : Arrestation de négociateurs italiens de la mafia Camorra, liés à des fournisseurs au Maroc|website=www.yabiladi.com|language=fr|access-date=21 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191122154233/https://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/85819/italie-arrestation-negociateurs-italiens-mafia.html|archive-date=22 November 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://napoli.repubblica.it/cronaca/2019/11/20/news/camorra_traffico_hashish_da_marocco_e_spagna_arrestati_due_uomini_del_clan_polverino-241497985/|title=Camorra: traffico hashish da Marocco e Spagna, arrestati due uomini del clan Polverino|date=20 November 2019|website=Repubblica.it|language=it|access-date=21 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191120200344/https://napoli.repubblica.it/cronaca/2019/11/20/news/camorra_traffico_hashish_da_marocco_e_spagna_arrestati_due_uomini_del_clan_polverino-241497985/|archive-date=20 November 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Switzerland===

The Camorra has had a presence in Switzerland for more than 50 years, undertaking [[money laundering]] but also [[arms trafficking]] and drug trafficking. The [[Casalesi clan]] is present throughout the country, and according to the investigations into the clan, it has numerous [[Swiss bank account]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tio.ch/ticino/focus/1251533/la-svizzera-e-la-mafia-un-rapporto-che-dura-da-50-anni|title=La Svizzera e la mafia: un rapporto che dura da 50 anni|date=21 June 2018|website=Ticinonline|access-date=19 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327090912/https://www.tio.ch/ticino/focus/1251533/la-svizzera-e-la-mafia-un-rapporto-che-dura-da-50-anni|archive-date=27 March 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In 1992, [[Ciro Mazzarella]], the late boss of the [[Mazzarella clan]], decided to move to Switzerland, after losing a war between Camorra clans in Naples. From his logistics base in [[Lugano]], he created an enviable economic empire with cigarette smuggling that arrived from Montenegro.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.limesonline.com/cartaceo/e-la-camorra-sbarco-in-montenegro|title=E la Camorra sbarcò in Montenegro|work=Limes|date=11 March 2000|access-date=19 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327090449/http://www.limesonline.com/cartaceo/e-la-camorra-sbarco-in-montenegro|archive-date=27 March 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In 2017, assets worth €20&nbsp;million belonging to the Potenza brothers, who are considered to be linked to the [[Lo Russo clan]], were seized in Lugano, including bank accounts in [[BSI Ltd|BSI]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rsi.ch/news/ticino-e-grigioni-e-insubria/Camorra-i-soldi-verso-Lugano-8938696.html|title=Camorra, i soldi verso Lugano|work=RSI Radiotelevisione svizzera|access-date=19 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327091935/https://www.rsi.ch/news/ticino-e-grigioni-e-insubria/Camorra-i-soldi-verso-Lugano-8938696.html|archive-date=27 March 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===United Kingdom===
According to 2020 reports about the Camorra, the [[United Kingdom]] is an area of interest to launder money, using finance companies and business activities. The [[Casalesi clan]], through an entrepreneur and alleged financial intermediary, had invested 12 million euros using various companies based in Great Britain.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-04-15|title=Mafia nel Regno unito: la relazione della Dia |publisher=Il Tacco d'Italia|url=https://www.iltaccoditalia.info/2020/04/14/mafia-nel-regno-unito-la-relazione-della-dia/|access-date=2020-06-03|language=it-IT}}</ref>

Antonio Righi, called "Tonino il biondo", was considered by the investigators as a money laudererer on behalf of the [[Contini clan|Contini]] and [[Mazzarella clan|Mazzarella]] clans in [[London]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-07-17|title=Exposed: The Italians making a mockery of UK law|url=http://www.standard.co.uk/business/occupation-fraudster-address-street-of-40-thieves-how-italians-mocked-uk-company-rules-a3589906.html|access-date=2020-06-03|website=Evening Standard|language=en}}</ref> Although the two organizations are historically rivals, in England they were represented by the same man. Among the British companies that figured in his scheme, was one registered at a luxurious terraced house not far from Oxford Street in London's West End. The trial built against Righi clearly showed that he understood exactly how modern global finance works. The Italian police confiscated 250 million euros belonging to Righi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gran Bretagna - Pizza, friarielli e pounds: la ricetta per il riciclaggio dei Contini a Londra|url=https://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/longform/mafie-europa/focus/gran-bretagna/|access-date=2020-06-03|website=Il Fatto Quotidiano|language=it}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|first1=Matteo|last1=Civillini|first2=Cecilia|last2=Anesi|first3=Giulio|last3=Rubino|title=How the Camorra Went Global|url=https://www.occrp.org/en/investigations/6750-how-the-camorra-went-global|access-date=2020-06-03|website=www.occrp.org|language=en}}</ref>

Between the mid-1980s and early 2000s, Scotland has had its brush with the Camorra, when [[Antonio La Torre]] of [[Aberdeen]] was the local ''"Boss"''. He is the brother of Camorra boss [[Augusto La Torre]] of the La Torre clan which had its base in [[Mondragone]], [[Caserta]]. The La Torre Clan's empire was worth hundreds of millions of euros. Antonio had several legitimate businesses in Aberdeen, whereas his brother Augusto had several illegal businesses there. Augusto would eventually become a [[pentito]] in January 2003.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.sundayherald.com/52046|title=He insists he's just a normal businessman living quietly with his wife and children in Aberdeen. So why are Italian police so convinced Antonio la Torre is really a ruthless mafia don?|newspaper=[[Sunday Herald]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060315053741/http://www.sundayherald.com/52046|url-status=dead|date=2 October 2005|archive-date=15 March 2006}}</ref> Antonio was convicted in Scotland and extradited to Italy in 2006 to serve a 13-year sentence; he was released in 2014.<ref name="life">{{cite web|url=https://www.sundaypost.com/fp/guns-extortion-and-death-threats-the-new-claims-facing-aberdeen-mafia-boss-arrested-in-italy/|title=Guns, extortion and death threats... the new claims facing Aberdeen mafia boss arrested in Italy|work=[[The Sunday Post]]|date=26 August 2018|access-date=17 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191128040340/https://www.sundaypost.com/fp/guns-extortion-and-death-threats-the-new-claims-facing-aberdeen-mafia-boss-arrested-in-italy/|archive-date=28 November 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> With the fall of the La Torre clan in the 2000s, Scotland experienced the disappearance of Camorra in the country, in fact the La Torre clan was overthrown in all the countries it had a massive presence, such as in Italy and in the Netherlands.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Cramb|first=Auslan|date=2014-08-22|title=The McMafia: Is there a mob in Aberdeen?|journal=Daily Telegraph|language=en-GB|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/scotland/11048598/The-McMafia-Is-there-a-mob-in-Aberdeen.html|access-date=2020-06-03|issn=0307-1235}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Il sanguinario boss La Torre diventa scrittore: in uscita il suo libro|url=http://www.casertanews.it/cronaca/libro-augusto-la-torre-camorra.html|access-date=2020-06-03|website=CasertaNews|language=it}}</ref>

===United States===
The [[Camorra in New York|Camorra operated in the United States]], primarily in New York City, between the mid-19th century and early 20th century. They rivaled the now defunct [[Morello crime family]] for power in New York City. Eventually, they melded with early [[Italian-American Mafia]] groups.

In the 1980s, many Camorra members and associates fled the internecine [[gang warfare]] and Italian justice, which was directed at suppressing the groups, and immigrated to the United States. According to the [[FBI]], it is believed that nearly 200 Camorra affiliates operate in the country. Although they did not appear to recreate their clan structure in the United States, Camorra members have established a presence in [[Los Angeles]], New York City, and [[Springfield, Massachusetts]].<ref name=Liddick>{{cite book|last=Liddick|first=Don|title=The Global Underworld: Transnational Crime and the United States|pages=34|publisher=Greenwood|year=2004|isbn=9780275980740}}</ref> The US law enforcement considers the Camorra to be a rising criminal enterprise, especially dangerous because of its ability to adapt to new trends and forge new alliances with other criminal organizations.<ref name=Richards/><ref name="fbi">{{cite web|url=https://www.fbi.gov/investigate/organized-crime#Italian-Organized%20Crime/Mafia|title=Organized Crime: Italian Organized Crime/Mafia|access-date=May 24, 2018|publisher=[[Federal Bureau of Investigation]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329112840/https://www.fbi.gov/investigate/organized-crime#Italian-Organized%20Crime/Mafia|archive-date=March 29, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2012, the [[Obama administration]] imposed sanctions on the Camorra as one of four key [[transnational organized crime]] groups, along with the [[Brothers' Circle]] from Russia, the [[Yamaguchi-gumi]] (Japan's largest [[yakuza]] organization), and [[Los Zetas]] from Mexico.<ref>{{cite web|last=Cohen|first=David|title=Combating Transnational Organized Crime|url=http://www.treasury.gov/connect/blog/Pages/Combating-Transnational-Organized-Crime.aspx|publisher=[[United States Department of the Treasury]]|access-date=26 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120716044912/http://www.treasury.gov/connect/blog/Pages/Combating-Transnational-Organized-Crime.aspx|archive-date=16 July 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>