Editing Cambridge (section)

=== Early modern ===
[[File:Cambridge 1575 colour.jpg|thumb|Cambridge in 1575]]
Following repeated outbreaks of pestilence throughout the 16th century,<ref>{{cite book|chapter=The city of Cambridge: Public health |title=A History of the County of Cambridge and the Isle of Ely: Volume 3, the City and University of Cambridge|date=1959 |editor1-last=Roach|editor1-first=J. P. C. |publisher=Victoria County History|location=London|pages=101–108|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/cambs/vol3/pp101-108|access-date=23 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923181342/http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/cambs/vol3/pp101-108|archive-date=23 September 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> sanitation and fresh water were brought to Cambridge by the construction of [[Hobson's Conduit]] in the early 1600s. Water was brought from Nine Wells, at the foot of the [[Gog Magog Hills]] to the southeast of Cambridge, into the centre of the town.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/cambridgeshire/natural_history/walk_through_time/07.shtml | title=Cambridgeshire > Natural History > Cam Valley Walk > Stage 7 | publisher=BBC Cambridgeshire | access-date=23 July 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140501094802/http://www.bbc.co.uk/cambridgeshire/natural_history/walk_through_time/07.shtml | archive-date=1 May 2014 | url-status=live }}</ref>

Cambridge played a significant role in the early part of the [[English Civil War]] as it was the headquarters of the [[Eastern Association|Eastern Counties Association]], an organisation administering a regional [[East Anglian]] army, which became the mainstay of the Parliamentarian military effort before the formation of the [[New Model Army]].<ref name="british-history-66605">{{cite web |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=66605 |title=The city of Cambridge&nbsp;– Modern history &#124; A History of the County of Cambridge and the Isle of Ely: Volume 3: The City and University of Cambridge (1959) |pages=15–29 |year=1959 |access-date=26 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120612160851/http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=66605 |archive-date=12 June 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1643 control of the town was given by Parliament to [[Oliver Cromwell]], who had been educated at [[Sidney Sussex College]] in Cambridge.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/cambs/vol3/pp15-29|title=The city of Cambridge: Modern history {{!}} British History Online|website=www.british-history.ac.uk|language=en|access-date=6 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706163721/http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/cambs/vol3/pp15-29|archive-date=6 July 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> The town's castle was fortified and garrisoned with troops and some bridges were destroyed to aid its defence. Although [[Royalist]] forces came within {{convert|2|mi|0|abbr=out}} of the town in 1644, the defences were never used, and the garrison was stood down the following year.<ref name="british-history-66605" />