Editing C++ (section)

==Language==
{{Main|C++ syntax}}
The C++ language has two main components: a direct mapping of hardware features provided primarily by the C subset, and zero-overhead abstractions based on those mappings. Stroustrup describes C++ as "a light-weight abstraction programming language [designed] for building and using efficient and elegant abstractions";<ref name="Stroustrup1" /> and "offering both hardware access and abstraction is the basis of C++. Doing it efficiently is what distinguishes it from other languages."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.infoq.com/news/2015/04/stroustrup-cpp17-interview|author=B. Stroustrup (interviewed by Sergio De Simone)|date=30 April 2015|access-date=8 July 2015|title=Stroustrup: Thoughts on C++17 - An Interview|archive-date=8 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150708132155/http://www.infoq.com/news/2015/04/stroustrup-cpp17-interview|url-status=live}}</ref>

C++ inherits most of [[C syntax|C's syntax]]. A [[C (programming language)#"Hello, world" example|hello world program that conforms to the C standard]] is also a valid C++ hello world program. The following is Bjarne Stroustrup's version of the [[Hello world program]] that uses the [[C++ Standard Library]] stream facility to write a message to [[Standard output#Standard output (stdout)|standard output]]:<ref>{{Cite book |first=Bjarne |last=Stroustrup |year=2000 |page=46 |title=The C++ Programming Language |edition=Special |publisher=Addison-Wesley |isbn=0-201-70073-5 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stroustrup.com/3rd_issues.html |title=Open issues for The C++ Programming Language (3rd Edition) |first=Bjarne |last=Stroustrup |access-date=5 May 2014 |archive-date=5 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140505221112/http://www.stroustrup.com/3rd_issues.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref group="note">This code is copied directly from Bjarne Stroustrup's errata page (p. 633). He addresses the use of <code>'\n'</code> rather than <code>std::endl</code>. Also see [http://www.stroustrup.com/bs_faq2.html#void-main Can I write "void main()"?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200702224848/http://www.stroustrup.com/bs_faq2.html#void-main |date=2 July 2020 }} for an explanation of the implicit <code>return 0;</code> in the <code>main</code> function. This implicit return is ''not'' available in other functions.</ref>

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*
* PLEASE NOTE:
*
* BEFORE MAKING CHANGES to the "Hello World" example
* please establish consensus by discussing your proposed changes
* on the Talk page. This is not the place to "Be Bold"; this
* has been discussed before at length.
*
* If you change the sample program without discussion, it will be
* reverted within a few minutes.
*
* The latest consensus is ''not'' to make any of those changes.
* This is the example "Hello, world!" by Bjarne Stroustrup,
* the author of the C++ language, and is used in
* his book, "The C++ Programming Language (3rd edition)".
*
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--><syntaxhighlight lang="cpp" line="1">
#include <iostream>

int main()
{
    std::cout << "Hello, world!\n";
}
</syntaxhighlight><!--

*** PLEASE NOTE: ****
*
* BEFORE MAKING CHANGES to the "Hello World" example
* please establish consensus by discussing your proposed changes
* on the Talk page. This is not the place to "Be Bold"; this
* has been discussed before.
*
* If you change the sample program without discussion, it will be
* reverted within a few minutes.
*
* The latest consensus is ''not'' to make any of those changes.
* This is the example "Hello, world!" by Bjarne Stroustrup,
* the author of the C++ language, and is used in
* his book, "The C++ Programming Language (3rd edition)".
*
*************************************************************** -->