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===Low intensity conflicts=== [[File:3rd Battalion 3rd Marines controlled detonation.jpg|thumb|left|[[United States Marine Corps|U.S. Marines]] conducting a controlled detonation of [[improvised explosive device]]s in [[Afghanistan]]]] The eruption of [[low intensity conflict]]s and [[terrorism]] waves at the beginning of the 21st century caused further development in the techniques and methods of bomb disposal. EOD operators and technicians had to adapt to rapidly evolving methods of constructing improvised explosive devices ranging from [[Fragmentation (weaponry)|shrapnel]]-filled [[explosive belts]] to 100 kg bombs. Since improvised explosives are generally unreliable and very unstable they pose great risk to the public and especially to the EOD Operator trying to render them safe. Therefore, new methods like greater reliance on remote techniques such as advanced remotely operated vehicles similar to the British [[Wheelbarrow (EOD)|Wheelbarrow]] or [[armored bulldozer]]s evolved. Many nations have developed their own versions such as the [[Caterpillar D7|D7 MCAP]] and the [[Caterpillar D9|armored D9R]]. [[File:US Navy explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) divers.jpg|thumb|upright|[[U.S. Navy]] explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) divers]] Besides large mine-clearing vehicles such as the [[Trojan Armoured Vehicle Royal Engineers|Trojan]], the British Army also uses small remote controlled vehicles such as the [[Dragon Runner]] and the Chevette.<ref>''Frontline Battle Machines with Mike Brewer'', X2 Productions, 2010</ref>{{Clarify |date=December 2010 |reason=<nowiki>This is not a proper reference citation. Use [[Template:Cite web]] or similar to provide source details. Use<ref...> inline in the article (see [[WP:CITE]]) to source the specific facts provided by this reference.</nowiki>}} During the [[al-Aqsa Intifada]], Israeli EOD forces disarmed and detonated thousands of explosive charges, lab bombs and explosive [[ammunition]] (such as rockets). Two Israeli EOD teams gained high reputation for leading the efforts in that area: the Army's [[Israeli Engineering Corps]]' [[Sayeret Yahalom]] and the [[Magav|Israeli Border Guard]] Gaza-area EOD team. In the [[Iraq War]], the [[Multi-National Force – Iraq]] faced many bombs on travel routes. Such charges can easily destroy light vehicles such as the [[Humvee]], and large ones can destroy [[main battle tank]]s. Such charges caused many casualties and, along with [[car bomb]]s and [[suicide bomber]]s, were a major cause of casualties in Iraq. In Spain's autonomous [[Basque Country (autonomous community)|Basque Country]], where bombings by [[Basque nationalist|Basque separatist]] groups were common during the 1980s and 1990s, there are three corps in charge of bomb disposal: [[Cuerpo Nacional de Policía (Spain)|Policia Nacional]], [[Civil Guard (Spain)|Guardia Civil]], and [[Ertzaintza]]. The Ertzaintza handle general civilian threats, while the Policia Nacional and Guardia Civil maintain capabilities mainly to defend their own assets and personnel. In other parts of the country, the Guardia Civil and Policia Nacional develop their tasks within their own abilities.
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