Editing Bohdan Khmelnytsky (section)

==Uprising==
{{Main|Khmelnytsky Uprising}}
[[File:Matejko Khmelnytsky with Tugay Bey.jpg|thumb|Bohdan Khmelnytsky (''left'') with [[Tugay Bey]] (''right'') at [[Lviv]], oil on canvas by [[Jan Matejko]], 1885, [[National Museum, Warsaw|National Museum]] in [[Warsaw]]]]
While the Czapliński Affair is generally regarded as the immediate cause of the uprising, it was primarily a catalyst for actions representing rising popular discontent.<ref>{{Cite book |author=Clarence Manning |date=1947 |title=The Story of the Ukraine |chapter=Bohdan Khmelnitsky |publisher=Philosophical Library |type=Transcription |chapter-url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Gazetteer/Places/Europe/Ukraine/_Topics/history/_Texts/MANSOU/6*.html |access-date=2024-05-30 |via=University of Chicago}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://andrikyrychok.wordpress.com/tag/chyhyryn-starosta-daniel-czaplinski/|title=Chyhyryn starosta Daniel Czapliński {{!}} Looking Through The Lens|date=2 May 2012 |language=en|access-date=19 March 2019}}</ref> Religion, ethnicity, and economics factored into this discontent. While the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] remained [[Union of Lublin|a union]] of nations, a sizable population of Orthodox [[Ruthenians]] were ignored. Oppressed by the Polish magnates, they took their wrath out on Poles, as well as the Jews, who often managed the estates of Polish nobles. The advent of the [[Counter-Reformation]] worsened relations between the Orthodox and Catholic Churches. Many Orthodox Ukrainians considered the [[Union of Brest]] as a threat to their Orthodox faith.