Editing Bodmin Moor (section)

==History and antiquities==

===Prehistoric times===
[[File:King arthurs hall.JPG|thumb|right|[[King Arthur's Hall]]]]
[[File:Kilmar Tor - geograph.org.uk - 7112.jpg|[[Kilmar Tor]]|thumb]]
10,000 years ago, in the [[Mesolithic]] period, [[hunter-gatherer]]s wandered the area when it was wooded. There are several documented cases of flint scatters being discovered by [[archaeology|archaeologists]], indicating that these hunter-gatherers practised [[Knapping|flint knapping]] in the region.<ref name="Tilley, C 1996"/>

During the [[Neolithic]] era, from about 4,500 to 2,300&nbsp;BC, people began clearing trees and farming the land. It was also in this era that the production of various [[megalith]]ic monuments began, predominantly long [[cairn]]s (three of which have currently been identified, at Louden, Catshole and Bearah) and [[stone circle]]s (sixteen of which have been identified). It was also likely that the naturally forming [[tor (rock formation)|tor]]s were also viewed in a similar manner to the manmade ceremonial sites.<ref name="Tilley, C 1996">{{cite book|title=World Archaeology: The Power of Rocks: landscape and topography on Bodmin Moor|last=Tilley|first=C.|year=1996|pages=151–176}}</ref>

In the following [[Bronze Age]], the creation of monuments increased dramatically, with the production of over 300 further cairns, and more stone circles and stone rows.<ref name="Tilley, C 1996"/> More than 200 [[Bronze Age]] settlements with [[Enclosure (archaeology)|enclosures]] and field patterns have been recorded.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/T/timeteam/2007_bod_t.html|title=Programmes - All - Channel 4|work=Channel 4|access-date=27 November 2014}}</ref> and many prehistoric stone [[tumulus|barrows]] and [[stone circle|circles]] lie scattered across the moor. In the late 1990s, a team of archaeologists and anthropologists from [[University College London|UCL]] researched the Bronze Age landscapes of [[Leskernick]] over several seasons ([[Barbara Bender]]; [[Sue Hamilton (archaeologist)|Sue Hamilton]]; [[Christopher Tilley]] and students).<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Hamilton|first1=Sue|last2=Tilley|first2=Christopher|last3=Bender|first3=Barbara|date=22 November 1999|title=Bronze Age stone worlds of Bodmin Moor: excavating Leskernick|journal=Archaeology International|volume=3|doi=10.5334/ai.v3i0.174|issn=2048-4194|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Bender|first1=Barbara|last2=Hamilton|first2=Sue|last3=Tilley|first3=Christopher|date=1997|title=Leskernick: Stone Worlds; Alternative Narratives; Nested Landscapes|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00002413|journal=Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society|volume=63|pages=147–178|doi=10.1017/s0079497x00002413|s2cid=128438440 |issn=0079-497X}}</ref> In a programme shown in 2007 [[Channel 4]]'s ''[[Time Team]] ''investigated a 500-metre cairn and the site of a Bronze Age village on the slopes of [[Rough Tor]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/T/timeteam/2007_bod_found.html|title=Bodmin Moor, Cornwall|date=8 April 2007|work=Channel 4: Time Team|access-date=9 November 2009}}</ref>

[[King Arthur's Hall]], thought to be a late [[Neolithic]] or early [[Bronze Age]] ceremonial site, can be found to the east of [[St Breward]] on the moor.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.whitedragon.org.uk/articles/secretcornwall.htm|title=Secret cornwall - Bodmin moor and its environs|publisher=Whitedragon.org.uk|access-date=27 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150425221358/http://www.whitedragon.org.uk/articles/secretcornwall.htm|archive-date=25 April 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Medieval and modern times===
[[File:Hawk's Tor.jpg|thumb|[[Hawk's Tor, North Hill|Hawk's Tor]], west of [[North Hill, Cornwall|North Hill]]]]
Where practicable, areas of the moor were used for pasture by herdsmen from the parishes surrounding the moor. Granite boulders were also taken from the moor and used for stone posts and to a certain extent for building (such material is known as moorstone).<ref>Clifton-Taylor, A. "Building materials" in: Pevsner, N. (1970) ''Cornwall''. 2nd ed. Penguin Books, pp. 29–34</ref> Granite quarrying only became reasonably productive when gunpowder became available.

The moor gave its name (Foweymore) to one of the medieval districts called [[Stannary|stannaries]] which administered [[tin mining]]: the boundaries of these were never defined precisely. Until the establishment of a turnpike road through the moor (the present [[A30 road|A30]]) in the 1770s the size of the moorland area made travel within Cornwall very difficult.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C5474308|title=County: [Cornwall]. Description of Courts: Manorial Courts. Places: Foweymore (Foymore)...|work=heNational Archives|access-date=13 August 2016}}</ref>

Its Cornish name, Goen Bren, is first recorded in the 12th century.<ref>[[Weatherhill, Craig]] (2009) ''A Concise Dictionary of Cornish Place-names''. Westport, co. Mayo: Evertype; p. 6</ref>

English Heritage monographs "Bodmin Moor: An Archaeological Survey" [http://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archives/view/eh_monographs_2014/contents.cfm?mono=1089012 Volume 1] and [http://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archives/view/eh_monographs_2014/contents.cfm?mono=1089009 Volume 2] covering the post-medieval and modern landscape are publicly available through the Archaeology Data Service.<ref>Bonney, D., Johnson, N., Rose, P. (2008) "Bodmin Moor An archaeological survey Volume 1: The human Landscape c.1800" English Heritage.</ref><ref>Giles, C., Herring, P., Johnson, N., Sharpe, A., Smith, J. (2008) "Bodmin Moor An Archaeological survey Volume 2: The industrial and post-medieval landscapes" English Heritage.</ref>

[[Jamaica Inn]] is a traditional inn on the Moor. Built as a coaching inn in 1750 and having an association with smuggling, it was used as a staging post for changing horses.

In the 1980s, there was a big problem with the water supply in Camelford. Many people had medical issues after this and some died.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.irwinmitchell.com/client-stories/2009/july/camelford-water-pollution-case | title=Camelford Water Pollution Case }}</ref>

===Monuments and ruins===
Roughtor was the site of a medieval chapel of St Michael and is now designated as a memorial to the [[43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division|43rd Wessex Division]] of the British Army. In 1844 on Bodmin Moor the body of 18-year-old Charlotte Dymond was discovered. Local labourer Matthew Weeks was accused of the murder, and at noon on 12 August 1844 he was led from [[Bodmin Gaol]] and hanged. The murder site now has a monument erected from public money, and her grave is at [[Davidstow]] churchyard.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.parmaq.com/truecrime/CharlotteDymond.htm|title=The Murder of Charlotte Dymond|publisher=Parmaq.com|access-date=27 November 2014|archive-date=4 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141204074855/http://www.parmaq.com/truecrime/CharlotteDymond.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>