Editing Bessemer process (section)

===Oxidation===
Blowing air through the molten pig iron introduces oxygen into the melt. This [[oxidation process|oxidizes]] impurities such as [[silicon]], [[manganese]], and [[carbon]]. These [[oxide]]s either escape as gas or form a solid [[slag]]. The refractory lining of the converter plays a role in the conversion — [[clay]] linings may be used when little [[phosphorus]] is present in the raw material. Bessemer himself used [[ganister]] sandstone–in the [[acid]] Bessemer process. Given high phosphorus content, [[Dolomite (mineral)|dolomite]] or [[magnesite]] linings are used in the [[Base (chemistry)|basic]] Bessemer [[limestone]] process. Materials such as [[spiegeleisen]] (a ferromanganese alloy), can then be added to the molten steel to establish specific properties.