Editing Benny Goodman (section)

===Catalyst for the swing era===
{{main|Swing era}}
[[File:Oakland, California. Hot Jazz Recreation. A crowd of young people at the concert of the Benny Goodman Band which took... - NARA - 532264 (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|250px|Goodman's [[Swing era|swing]] fans in [[Oakland, California]] in 1940<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oakland, California. Hot Jazz Recreation. A crowd of young people at the concert of the Benny Goodman Band which took place in a local dance hall |url=https://catalog.archives.gov/id/532264 |access-date=24 May 2024 |website=National Archives Catalog|series=Records of the National Youth Administration }}</ref>]]

On July 31, 1935, "[[King Porter Stomp]]" was released with "[[Sometimes I'm Happy]]" on the B-side, both arranged by Henderson and recorded on July 1.<ref name="Firestone" />{{rp|134}} In Pittsburgh at the [[Stanley Theatre, Pittsburgh|Stanley Theater]] some members of the audience danced in the aisles.<ref>{{cite book |first=James Lincoln |last=Collier |title=Benny Goodman and the Swing Era |year=1989 |page=[https://archive.org/details/bennygoodmanswin00coll/page/163 163] |location=New York |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=0-19-505278-1 |url=https://archive.org/details/bennygoodmanswin00coll/page/163 }} This information is attributed to writer and historian James T. Maher.</ref> But these arrangements had little impact on the tour until August 19 at McFadden's Ballroom in Oakland, California.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicsweetsballroom.com/pages/info_pages/Information.PDF |website=www.historicsweetsballroom.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070723130918/http://www.historicsweetsballroom.com/pages/info_pages/Information.PDF |archive-date=July 23, 2007 |title=Historic Sweet's Ballroom |access-date=July 6, 2010 |quote=Originally a dance studio built in 1923, the ballroom was managed by Bill Sweet and turned into one of Oakland's best ballrooms. It was known as McFadden's in the 1930s and as Sands Ballroom in the 1970s.}}</ref> Goodman and his band, which included trumpeter [[Bunny Berigan]], drummer [[Gene Krupa]], and singer [[Helen Ward (jazz singer)|Helen Ward]] were met by a large crowd of young dancers who cheered the music they had heard on ''Let's Dance''.<ref name="Selvin1996">{{cite book|last=Selvin|first=Joel |title=San Francisco: The Musical History Tour: A Guide to Over 200 of the Bay Area's Most Memorable Music Sites |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hxCLmGXGuHIC&pg=PA138 |access-date=November 25, 2018 |date=April 1996 |publisher=Chronicle Books |isbn=978-0-8118-1007-4 |pages=138–}}</ref> [[Herb Caen]] wrote, "from the first note, the place was in an uproar."<ref>{{cite news |newspaper=SFGate.com |date=May 26, 2009 |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?type=music&f=/c/a/2009/05/26/DDTT17PT3G.DTL |title=Benny Goodman's music still swings |first=Jesse |last=Hamlin |access-date=June 18, 2009 }}</ref> One night later, at [[Pismo Beach, California|Pismo Beach]], the show was a flop, and the band thought the overwhelming reception in Oakland had been a fluke.<ref name="Clarke">{{cite web |last1=Clarke |first1=Donald |title=The Rise and Fall of Popular Music |url=http://www.donaldclarkemusicbox.com/rise-and-fall/detail.php?c=10 |website=www.donaldclarkemusicbox.com |access-date=November 26, 2018}}</ref>{{efn|1=Collier, in his book ''Benny Goodman and the Swing Era'' (page 164), listed both a "McFadden's Ballroom in San Francisco" and "Sweet's in Oakland" as separate engagements for Goodman, with Pismo Beach in between. However, there was never a McFadden's or a Sweet's Ballroom in San Francisco, and the trip from there to Pismo Beach was inconveniently long. Oakland and San Francisco are about {{convert|15|mi|km}} apart, but Pismo Beach is more than {{convert|235|mi|km}} south of both of them. Pismo Beach is only {{convert|175|mi|km}} from Los Angeles and would have been a more convenient place for Goodman to have played while traveling from Oakland to L.A.}}

The next night, August 21, 1935, at the [[Palomar Ballroom]] in Los Angeles, Goodman and his band began a three-week engagement. On top of the ''Let's Dance'' airplay, Al Jarvis had been playing Goodman's records on [[KFWB]] radio.<ref name="Coleman2006">{{cite book|last=Coleman|first=Rick|title=Blue Monday: Fats Domino and the Lost Dawn of Rock 'n' Roll|url=https://archive.org/details/bluemondayfatsdo00colem |url-access=registration|access-date=November 25, 2018 |date=April 24, 2006 |publisher=Da Capo Press |isbn=978-0-306-81491-4 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/bluemondayfatsdo00colem/page/36 36]–}}</ref> Goodman started the evening with stock arrangements, but after an indifferent response, he began the second set with arrangements by Fletcher Henderson and Spud Murphy. According to Willard Alexander, the band's booking agent, Krupa said, "If we're gonna die, Benny, let's die playing our own thing."<ref name=Spink>{{cite web |last=Spink |first=George |website=Tuxedo Junction |url=http://www.tuxjunction.net/bennygoodman.htm |title=Benny Goodman Launches Swing Era in Chicago |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090209021911/http://tuxjunction.net/bennygoodman.htm |archive-date=February 9, 2009 |access-date=June 18, 2009}}</ref> The crowd broke into cheers and applause. News reports spread word of the exciting music and enthusiastic dancing.<ref name=Clarke/> The Palomar engagement was such a marked success that it is often described as the beginning of the [[swing era]].<ref name=Clarke/> According to [[Donald Clarke (writer)|Donald Clarke]], "It is clear in retrospect that the Swing Era had been waiting to happen, but it was Goodman and his band that touched it off."<ref name=Clarke/>

The reception of American swing was less enthusiastic in Europe. British author [[J. C. Squire]] filed a complaint with [[BBC Radio]] to demand it stop playing Goodman's music, which he called "an awful series of jungle noises which can hearten no man."<ref name="Firestone" />{{rp|243}} Germany's Nazi party barred jazz from the radio, claiming it was part of a [[International Jewish conspiracy|Jewish conspiracy]] to destroy the culture. Italy's fascist government banned the broadcast of any music composed or played by Jews which they said threatened "the flower of our race, the youth."<ref name="Firestone" />{{rp|244}}

In November 1935, Goodman accepted an invitation to play in Chicago at the [[Joseph Urban]] Room at the Congress Hotel. His stay there was extended to six months, and his popularity was cemented by nationwide radio broadcasts over NBC affiliate stations. While in Chicago, the band recorded "[[If I Could Be with You (One Hour Tonight)]]", "[[Stompin' at the Savoy]]", and "[[Goody Goody]]".<ref name=Clarke/> Goodman also played three concerts produced by Chicago socialite and jazz aficionado [[Helen Oakley Dance|Helen Oakley]]. These "Rhythm Club" concerts at the Congress Hotel included sets in which Goodman and Krupa sat in with Fletcher Henderson's band, perhaps the first [[Racial integration|racially integrated]] big band appearing before a paying audience in the United States.<ref name=Clarke/> Goodman and Krupa played in a trio with [[Teddy Wilson]] on piano. Both combinations were well received, and Wilson remained.

In his 1935–1936 radio broadcasts from Chicago, Goodman was introduced as the "[[Raja|Rajah]] of Rhythm".<ref name=Spink/> [[Slingerland Drum Company]] had been calling Krupa the "King of Swing" as part of a sales campaign, but shortly after Goodman and his crew left Chicago in May 1936 to spend the summer filming ''[[The Big Broadcast of 1937]]'' in Hollywood, the title "King of Swing" was applied to Goodman by the media.<ref name=Clarke/>

At the end of June 1936, Goodman went to Hollywood, where, on June 30, 1936, his band began CBS's ''[[Camel Caravan]]'', its third and (according to Connor and Hicks) its greatest sponsored radio show, co-starring Goodman and his former boss Nathaniel Shilkret.<ref name=connorhicks /><ref name="Shilkret" /> By spring 1936, Fletcher Henderson was writing arrangements for Goodman's band.<ref name="bennygoodman.com"/>