Editing Bart Simpson (section)

=== Voice ===
[[File:Nancy Cartwright.jpg|alt=A blonde middle-aged woman smiling with a black background|left|upright=0.9|thumb|Nancy Cartwright (''pictured in 2007'') voices Bart.]]
Bart's voice is provided by [[Nancy Cartwright]],{{sfn|Browne|Browne|2001|p=737}}<ref name="n954">{{cite web | title=Bart Simpson Voice Used to Promote Scientology | website=[[The Daily Telegraph]] | url-access=subscription | date=January 29, 2009 | url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/4382672/Bart-Simpson-voice-used-to-promote-Scientology.html | access-date=November 30, 2024 | archive-date=June 17, 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210617095610/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/4382672/Bart-Simpson-voice-used-to-promote-Scientology.html | url-status=live }}</ref> who also voices several other child characters on ''The Simpsons'' who include [[Nelson Muntz]],<ref name="k637">{{cite magazine | last=Boardman | first=Madeline | title=''The Simpsons'': See the Voice Actors Behind Your Favorite Characters | magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] | date=April 29, 2016 | url=https://ew.com/gallery/the-simpsons-voices-actors/ | access-date=November 30, 2024}}</ref><ref name="g377">{{cite web | last=Aubrey | first=Elizabeth | title=Sabrina Carpenter Fans Shocked to Discover Her Aunt is the Voice of Bart Simpson | publisher=[[NME]] | date=July 10, 2024 | url=https://www.nme.com/news/music/sabrina-carpenter-fans-shocked-to-discover-her-aunt-is-the-voice-of-bart-simpson-3773518 | access-date=November 30, 2024 | archive-date=December 2, 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241202082314/https://www.nme.com/news/music/sabrina-carpenter-fans-shocked-to-discover-her-aunt-is-the-voice-of-bart-simpson-3773518 | url-status=live }}</ref> [[Ralph Wiggum]],<ref name="g377"/> [[Todd Flanders]],{{sfn|Browning|Picart|2014|p=166}} and [[Kearney Zzyzwicz]].{{sfn|Perlmutter|2018|p=553}} After [[Dan Castellaneta]] and [[Julie Kavner]] were cast as Homer and Marge due to their roles on ''The Tracey Ullman Show'',<ref name="z494">{{cite web | title=D'oh, You're the Voice | website=[[The Age]] | date=February 27, 2003 | url=https://www.theage.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/doh-youre-the-voice-20030227-gdvamr.html | access-date=December 1, 2024 | archive-date=November 2, 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102224412/http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2003/02/27/1046064146568.html | url-status=live }}</ref> the producers held auditions for Bart and Lisa. [[Yeardley Smith]] initially auditioned for Bart, but casting director [[Bonita Pietila]] felt that her voice was too high-pitched. Smith recalled, "I always sounded too much like a girl. I read two lines as Bart, and they said, 'Thanks for coming!{{'"}}.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.mtv.com/news/1565538/simpsons-trivia-from-swearing-lisa-to-burns-sexual-smithers/ |title=''Simpsons'' Trivia, From Swearing Lisa To 'Burns-Sexual' Smithers |access-date=January 15, 2022 |date=July 26, 2007 |author=Carroll, Larry |publisher=[[MTV News]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071220140402/http://www.mtv.com/movies/news/articles/1565538/20070725/story.jhtml |archive-date=December 20, 2007 }}</ref> She was subsequently cast as Lisa instead.<ref name="m386">{{cite web | last=King | first=Darryn | title=Why Lisa Simpson Matters | website=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]] | date=February 26, 2018 | url=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2018/02/why-lisa-simpson-matters?srsltid=AfmBOorwsnUX_qdkPoAwWSsEG2bptCdqVYLDrUuXgvMaW1ZRBFpFxdaH | access-date=December 1, 2024}}</ref> On March 13, 1987, Cartwright auditioned for Lisa.<ref name="i801">{{cite web | title=Bart Simpson: The Shorts That Ate the World | website=[[The New Zealand Herald]] | date=January 3, 2001 | url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/lifestyle/bart-simpson-the-shorts-that-ate-the-world/AOTICOHPYZTRIAMHAJ2SZSQWJM/ | access-date=December 1, 2024 | archive-date=December 3, 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203070032/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/lifestyle/bart-simpson-the-shorts-that-ate-the-world/AOTICOHPYZTRIAMHAJ2SZSQWJM/ | url-status=live }}</ref> Discovering that Lisa was described only as the "middle child", with little personality at the time, she became interested in Bart, who was characterized as "devious, underachieving, school-hating, irreverent, [and] clever".<ref name="i801"/>{{sfn|Cartwright|2000|pp=35–40}} Groening allowed her to audition for Bart, and offered her the role immediately after hearing her read.<ref name="BBC News">{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/1017238.stm|title=Bart's Voice Tells All|access-date=May 16, 2007|date=November 10, 2000|website=[[BBC News]]|archive-date=December 30, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081230012816/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/1017238.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> Cartwright is the only one of the [[List of The Simpsons cast members|six primary ''Simpsons'' cast members]] who had formal voice-acting training before joining the show.{{sfn|Turner|2004|p=21}}

According to ''[[The Guardian]]'', Cartwright's speaking voice has "no obvious traces of Bart".<ref name="y825">{{cite web | last=Brockes | first=Emma | title=That's My Boy | website=[[The Guardian]] | date=August 1, 2004 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2004/aug/02/broadcasting.edinburgh04 | access-date=December 1, 2024 | archive-date=December 5, 2007 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071205160018/http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2004/aug/02/broadcasting.edinburgh04 | url-status=live }}</ref> The voice she uses for Bart came naturally to her, since she had incorporated elements of it on shows like ''[[My Little Pony]]'', ''[[Snorks]]'', and ''[[Pound Puppies]]''.<ref name="y825"/><ref name="l405">{{cite web | title=That's My Boy | website=[[The Age]] | date=November 4, 2004 | url=https://www.theage.com.au/entertainment/thats-my-boy-20041104-gdyx8r.html | access-date=December 1, 2024 | archive-date=December 4, 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204090710/https://www.theage.com.au/entertainment/thats-my-boy-20041104-gdyx8r.html | url-status=live }}</ref> Cartwright described Bart's voice as easy to create: "Some characters take a little bit more effort, upper respiratory control, whatever it is technically. But Bart is easy to do. I can just slip into that without difficulty".<ref name="y825"/> She typically records five or six takes of each line for variety, allowing producers more options to work with.<ref name="BBC News"/> Even in [[flashforward]] episodes, Cartwright continues to voice Bart; in the episode "[[Lisa's Wedding]]" ([[The Simpsons season 6|season six]], 1995), Bart's voice was electronically pitched lower to reflect his age.<ref>{{cite news|last=Mirkin|first=David|author-link=David Mirkin|year=2005|title=Commentary for "[[Lisa's Wedding]]", In ''The Simpsons: The Complete Sixth Season''|publisher=[[20th Century Home Entertainment]]}}</ref> Despite Bart's fame, Cartwright is seldom recognized in public. When she is recognized and asked to use Bart's voice in front of children, she declines because it "freaks [them] out".<ref name="i159">{{cite web | last=Brockes | first=Emma | title=Bart's Big Mouth | website=[[Salon (website)|Salon]] | date=August 2, 2004 | url=https://www.salon.com/2004/08/02/bart_2/ | access-date=December 1, 2024 | archive-date=December 2, 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241202011806/https://www.salon.com/2004/08/02/bart_2/ | url-status=live }}</ref> During the [[The Simpsons season 1|first season]] of ''The Simpsons'', Fox Network barred Cartwright from interviews to avoid the revelation that Bart was voiced by a woman.<ref>{{cite news|title=Bart Simpson's Secret: He's a Woman|last=Bark|first=Ed|date=July 15, 1990|work=[[Ottawa Citizen]]}}</ref>

Cartwright was paid [[US dollar|US$]]30,000 per episode for her work on ''The Simpsons'' until 1998.<ref name="l144">{{cite web | last=Hontz | first=Jenny | title=Cartwright's Vox to Pop for ''Simpsons'' | website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] | date=March 26, 1998 | url=https://variety.com/1998/tv/news/cartwright-s-vox-to-pop-for-simpsons-1117469167/ | access-date=December 1, 2024}}</ref><ref name="p643">{{cite web | last1=Block | first1=Alex Ben | last2=Masters | first2=Kim | title='Simpsons' Cast Blinks in Salary Showdown With Fox (Exclusive) | website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] | date=October 7, 2011 | url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/simpsons-cast-fox-pay-cut-245648/ | access-date=December 1, 2024 | archive-date=December 1, 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241201173926/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/simpsons-cast-fox-pay-cut-245648/ | url-status=live }}</ref> A pay dispute arose that year, during which Fox threatened to replace the six main voice actors and began preparing for new casting.<ref name="Glaister">{{cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/04/02/1080544690429.html|title=''Simpsons'' Actors Demand Bigger Share|access-date=October 26, 2008|date=April 3, 2004|last=Glaister|first=Dan|work=[[The Age]]|location=Melbourne|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081202171844/http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/04/02/1080544690429.html|archive-date=December 2, 2008|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="s696">{{cite magazine | last=Snierson | first=Dan | title=Harry Shearer to Exit 'The Simpsons'? | magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] | date=May 8, 2015 | url=https://ew.com/article/2015/05/08/harry-shearer-exiting-simpsons/ | access-date=December 1, 2024 | archive-date=December 4, 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204005526/https://ew.com/article/2015/05/08/harry-shearer-exiting-simpsons/ | url-status=live }}</ref> The conflict was resolved, and Cartwright's salary increased to $125,000 per episode.<ref name="y759">{{cite web | last=Barrett | first=Patrick | title=D'oh! ''Simpsons'' Go On Strike | website=[[The Guardian]] | date=April 1, 2004 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2004/apr/01/broadcasting.uknews | access-date=December 1, 2024}}</ref><ref name="o315">{{cite web | last=Stowe | first=Dusty | title=How Much Does The Cast Of ''The Simpsons'' Get Paid? | website=[[Screen Rant]] | date=October 2, 2017 | url=https://screenrant.com/simpsons-cast-salary-paid/ | access-date=December 1, 2024 | archive-date=March 25, 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230325185357/https://screenrant.com/simpsons-cast-salary-paid/ | url-status=live }}</ref> The voice cast pushed for higher wages in 2004, seeking $360,000 per episode.<ref name="l796">{{cite web | title=D'oh! Am I Underpaid?; Negotiations Are Stalled for Voice Actors in ''The Simpsons'' | website=[[The New York Times]] | url-access=subscription | first=Bernard | last=Weinraub | author-link=Bernard Weinraub | date=April 14, 2004 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/04/14/arts/d-oh-am-i-underpaid-negotiations-are-stalled-for-voice-actors-in-the-simpsons.html | access-date=December 1, 2024 | archive-date=December 4, 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204163825/https://www.nytimes.com/2004/04/14/arts/d-oh-am-i-underpaid-negotiations-are-stalled-for-voice-actors-in-the-simpsons.html | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="e937">{{cite web | last=Block | first=Alex Ben | title=''The Simpsons'' Pay Disputes | website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] | date=October 11, 2011 | url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/simpsons-pay-disputes-246835/ | access-date=December 1, 2024 | archive-date=December 3, 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203065624/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/simpsons-pay-disputes-246835/ | url-status=live }}</ref> The dispute was soon settled, and Cartwright's pay was increased to $250,000 per episode.<ref name="t905">{{cite web | last=Collins | first=Scott | title=''Simpsons'' Cast, Fox Reach Deal | website=[[Los Angeles Times]] | url-access=subscription | date=May 1, 2004 | url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2004-may-01-fi-simpsons1-story.html | access-date=December 1, 2024 | archive-date=December 3, 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203220257/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2004-may-01-fi-simpsons1-story.html | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="g965">{{cite web | last=Schneider | first=Michael | title=Voices Carry at Fox | website=[[variety (magazine)|Variety]] | date=May 2, 2004 | url=https://variety.com/2004/scene/markets-festivals/voices-carry-at-fox-1117904168/ | access-date=December 1, 2024 | archive-date=October 18, 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211018054719/https://variety.com/2004/scene/markets-festivals/voices-carry-at-fox-1117904168/ | url-status=live }}</ref> In 2008, further negotiations increased the cast's salaries to about $400,000 per episode.<ref name="h432">{{cite web | last=Byrne | first=Ciar | title=Homer's No Loser with a Voice Worth $400,000 Per Show | website=[[The Independent]] | date=June 3, 2008 | url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/homer-s-no-loser-with-a-voice-worth-400-000-per-show-839589.html | access-date=December 1, 2024 | archive-date=December 3, 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203132550/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/homer-s-no-loser-with-a-voice-worth-400-000-per-show-839589.html | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="i903">{{cite magazine | last=Wortham | first=Jenna | title=''Simpsons'' Ink Deal for 20th Season, Score More D'Oh | magazine=[[WIRED]] | date=June 3, 2008 | url=https://www.wired.com/2008/06/simpsons/ | access-date=December 1, 2024 | archive-date=December 7, 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241207143546/https://www.wired.com/2008/06/simpsons/ | url-status=live }}</ref> Fox demanded production-cost reductions in 2011, threatening to cancel the series if costs were not cut. In response, Cartwright and the other main cast members agreed to a 30-percent pay reduction, lowering their per-episode earnings to just over $300,000.<ref>{{cite news|last=Block|first=Alex Ben|title=''The Simpsons'' Renewed for Two More Seasons|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/simpsons-renewed-two-more-seasons-245748|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|access-date=October 15, 2011|date=October 7, 2011|archive-date=January 25, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125073424/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/simpsons-renewed-two-more-seasons-245748|url-status=live}}</ref> Cartwright was paid $315,000 per episode by 2016, which, according to [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']], made her one of the highest-paid voice actors.<ref name="w127">{{cite web | last=Bryant | first=Jacob | title=Highest-Paid TV Comedy Stars | website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]| date=October 4, 2016 | url=https://variety.com/gallery/highest-paid-tv-actors-comedy-dwayne-johnson-big-bang-theory/nancy-cartwright-3/ | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241221182233/https://variety.com/gallery/highest-paid-tv-actors-comedy-dwayne-johnson-big-bang-theory/nancy-cartwright-3/ | archive-date=December 21, 2024 | url-status=live | access-date=December 1, 2024}}</ref>