Editing Avalon (section)

====Escavalon====
[[File:Hb-chevalier-descalot.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Ship-themed attributed arms of the Knight of Escalot]]

In his final romance, ''[[Perceval, the Story of the Grail]]'', Chrétien de Troyes featured the sea fortress of Escavalon, ruled by the unspecified King of Escavalon. The name Escavalon might be simply a corruption of the word Avalon that can be literally translated as "Water-Avalon",<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x14oDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT105|title=Sir Gawain: Knight of the Goddess|first=John|last=Matthews|date=25 March 2003|publisher=Simon and Schuster|isbn=9781620550588 |via=Google Books}}</ref> albeit some scholars proposed various other developments of the name Escavalon from that of Avalon (with [[Roger Sherman Loomis]] noting the similarity of the evolution of Geoffrey's Caliburn into the Chrétien's Escalibur in the case of Excalibur<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HSmto0TQZBgC&pg=PA258|title=The Romances of Chretien de Troyes|first=Joseph J.|last=Duggan|date=1 October 2008|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0300133707 |via=Google Books}}</ref>), perhaps in connection with the Old French words for either Slav or [[Saracen]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z1RB5z6u_KsC&pg=PA40|title=Arthurian Literature X|first=Richard|last=Barber|date=17 February 1991|publisher=Boydell & Brewer Ltd|isbn=9780859913089 |via=Google Books}}</ref> Chretien's Escavalon was renamed as Askalon in ''[[Parzival]]'' by [[Wolfram von Eschenbach]], who might have been either confused or inspired by the real-life Middle Eastern coastal city of [[Ascalon]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uXhYBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT232|title=Parzival A Knightly Epic Volume 1 (of 2) (English Edition)|first=Wolfram von|last=Eschenback|publisher=New York G. E. Stechert & Co|via=Google Books}}</ref>

It is possible that the Chrétien-era Escavalon has turned or split into the Grail realm of [[Astolat|Escalot]] in later prose romances.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mjsWsH6tKwUC&pg=PA196|title=Paganism in Arthurian Romance|first=John|last=Darrah|date=17 February 1997|publisher=Boydell & Brewer|isbn=9780859914260 |via=Google Books}}</ref> Nevertheless, the kingdoms of Escalot and Escavalon both appear concurrently in the Vulgate Cycle. There, Escavalon is ruled by King Alain, whose daughter Florée is rescued by Gawain and later gives birth to his son [[Guinglain]] (and possibly two others). The character of Alain may have been derived from Afallach (Avallach) of Avalon.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CzxyQLoj3a8C&pg=PA94 | title=Sir Gawain: Knight of the Goddess | isbn=978-0-89281-970-6 | last1=Matthews | first1=John | date=25 March 2003 | publisher=Inner Traditions / Bear & Co }}</ref>