Editing Astronaut (section)

===Taikonaut===
[[File:Taikonauts 2010 Somalia stamps.jpg|thumb|The first Chinese taikonauts on a 2010 Somalia stamp]]
{{Main|People's Liberation Army Astronaut Corps|China Manned Space Program}}
{{Main list|List of Chinese astronauts}}

In Chinese, the term {{lang|zh-Latn|Yǔ háng yuán}} ({{lang|zh-cn|宇航员}}, "cosmos navigating personnel") is used for astronauts and cosmonauts in general,<ref name="rus">{{cite web |url = http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/ce/ceka/rus/xwdt/t216370.htm |trans-title = Yang Liwei, the first Chinese astronaut who has made China's first manned space flight |title = Ян Ливэй – первый китайский космонавт, совершивший первый в Китае пилотируемый космический полет |date=13 October 2005 |access-date=4 October 2007 |website = fmprc.gov.cn |language=ru |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070929125754/http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/ce/ceka/rus/xwdt/t216370.htm |archive-date=29 September 2007 }}</ref><ref name="rus2">{{cite web |url = http://ru.china-embassy.org/rus/xwdt/t73142.htm |title = Chinese embassy in Russia press-release |access-date=4 October 2007 |website = ru.china-embassy.org |language=ru |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070927002145/http://ru.china-embassy.org/rus/xwdt/t73142.htm |archive-date= 27 September 2007 |url-status=live}}</ref> while {{lang|zh-Latn|hángtiān yuán}} ({{lang|zh-CN|航天员}}, "navigating celestial-heaven personnel") is used for Chinese astronauts. Here, {{lang|zh-Latn|hángtiān}} ({{lang|zh-CN|航天}}, literally "heaven-navigating", or [[spaceflight]]) is strictly<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Axiom-1 crew launches today—are these guys tourists, astronauts, or what? – Ars Technica OpenForum |url=https://arstechnica.com/civis/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=1483555&start=120 |access-date=2022-06-17 |website=arstechnica.com| date=8 April 2022 }}</ref> defined as the navigation of [[outer space]] within the local [[star system]], i.e. [[Solar System]]. The phrase {{lang|zh-Latn|tàikōng rén}} ({{lang|zh|太空人}}, "spaceman") is often used in Hong Kong and [[Taiwan]].<ref>{{cite web |url = https://chinese.yabla.com/chinese-english-pinyin-dictionary.php?define=%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E4%BA%BA |title = 太空人 : astronaut... : tài kōng rén &#124; Definition &#124; Mandarin Chinese Pinyin English Dictionary &#124; Yabla Chinese |website = chinese.yabla.com |access-date = 7 August 2015 |archive-date = 3 September 2015 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150903181737/https://chinese.yabla.com/chinese-english-pinyin-dictionary.php?define=%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E4%BA%BA |url-status = live }}</ref>

The term ''taikonaut'' is used by some English-language news media organizations for professional [[Chinese space program|space travelers from China]].<ref>{{cite web |url = http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-01/26/content_7500262.htm |title = Chinese taikonaut dismisses environment worries about new space launch center |date=26 January 2008 |access-date=25 September 2008 |publisher=China View |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081003201652/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-01/26/content_7500262.htm |archive-date= 3 October 2008 |url-status = dead }}</ref> The word has featured in the [[Longman]] and [[Oxford English Dictionary|Oxford English]] dictionaries, and the term became more common in 2003 when China sent its first astronaut [[Yang Liwei]] into space aboard the ''[[Shenzhou 5]]'' spacecraft.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-09/25/content_10111749.htm |title = "Taikonauts" a sign of China's growing global influence |date=25 September 2008 |access-date=25 September 2008 |work=China View |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080928044453/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-09/25/content_10111749.htm |archive-date=28 September 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> This is the term used by [[Xinhua News Agency]] in the English version of the Chinese ''[[People's Daily]]'' since the advent of the Chinese space program.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90001/90776/90881/6507790.html |title=Chinese taikonaut debuts spacewalk |access-date=28 September 2008 |website=People's Daily Online |author=Xinhua |year=2008|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080930071226/http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90001/90776/90881/6507790.html |archive-date= 30 September 2008 |url-status= live}}</ref> The origin of the term is unclear; as early as May 1998, Chiew Lee Yih ({{lang|zh-Hant|趙裡昱}}) from [[Malaysia]] used it in [[Usenet newsgroup|newsgroups]].<ref name="chiew">{{cite web |first = Lee Yih |last = Chiew |date = 19 May 1998 |title = Google search of "taikonaut" sort by date |url = https://groups.google.com/groups/search?hl=en&safe=off&q=taikonaut&btnG=Search&as_mind=1&as_minm=1&as_miny=1981&as_maxd=24&as_maxm=5&as_maxy=1998&as_drrb=b&sitesearch= |work = Usenet posting |publisher = Chiew Lee Yih |access-date = 27 September 2008 |archive-date = 26 August 2013 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130826104919/http://groups.google.com/groups/search?hl=en&safe=off&q=taikonaut&btnG=Search&as_mind=1&as_minm=1&as_miny=1981&as_maxd=24&as_maxm=5&as_maxy=1998&as_drrb=b&sitesearch= |url-status = live }}</ref><ref name="chiew2">{{cite web |first = Lee Yih |last = Chiew |date = 10 March 1996 |title = Chiew Lee Yih misspelled "taikonaut" 2 years before it first appear |url = https://groups.google.com/group/alt.chinese.text/browse_thread/thread/a7f02b9489c59c5b/dd9e7a1b78d7d5c7?hl=en&lnk=st&q=taikonout#dd9e7a1b78d7d5c7 |work = Usenet posting |publisher = Chiew Lee Yih |access-date = 27 September 2008 |archive-date = 16 February 2009 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090216093802/http://groups.google.com/group/alt.chinese.text/browse_thread/thread/a7f02b9489c59c5b/dd9e7a1b78d7d5c7?hl=en&lnk=st&q=taikonout#dd9e7a1b78d7d5c7 |url-status = live }}</ref>{{primary source inline|date=November 2024}}