Editing Arctic fox (section)

===Sensory modalities===
The Arctic fox has a functional [[hearing range]] between 125&nbsp;Hz–16&nbsp;kHz with a sensitivity that is ≤ 60&nbsp;dB in air, and an average peak sensitivity of 24&nbsp;dB at 4&nbsp;kHz. Overall, the Arctic foxes hearing is less sensitive than the dog and the kit fox. The Arctic fox and the kit fox have a low upper-frequency limit compared to the domestic dog and other carnivores.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Stansbury|first1=A. |author2=Thomas, J.A. |name-list-style=amp |author3=Stalf, C.E. |author4= Murphy, L.D. |author5=Lombardi, D. |author6=Carpenter, J. |author7=Mueller, T. |title=Behavioral audiogram of two Arctic foxes (''Vulpes lagopus'') |journal=Polar Biology |date=2014|volume=37|issue=3|pages=417–422|doi=10.1007/s00300-014-1446-5|bibcode=2014PoBio..37..417S |s2cid=17154503}}</ref> The Arctic fox can easily hear lemmings burrowing under 4-5 inches of snow.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Perry|first1=Richard|title=The Polar Worlds|date=1973|publisher=Taplinger Pub. Co., Inc. |location=New York, New York|isbn=978-0800864057|pages=188 |edition=First |url=https://archive.org/details/polarworlds0000perr/page/188}}</ref> When it has located its prey, it pounces and punches through the snow to catch its prey.<ref name="DECGNL"/>

The Arctic fox also has a keen sense of smell. They can smell carcasses that are often left by polar bears anywhere from {{cvt|10|to|40|km}}. It is possible that they use their sense of smell to also track down polar bears. Additionally, Arctic foxes can smell and find frozen lemmings under {{cvt|46|–|77|cm}} of snow, and can detect a subnivean seal lair under {{cvt|150|cm}} of snow.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lai|first1=S. |last2=Bety|first2=J. |last3=Berteaux|first3=D. |name-list-style=amp |title=Spatio–temporal hotspots of satellite– tracked arctic foxes reveal a large detection range in a mammalian predator|journal=Movement Ecology |date=2015 |volume=3 |issue=37 |pages=37|doi=10.1186/s40462-015-0065-2|pmid=26568827|pmc=4644628 |bibcode=2015MvEco...3...37L |doi-access=free }}</ref>