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=== Early modern period === From the middle of the 18th century the region of Apulia experienced a period of strong economic prosperity and excellent development of trade and agriculture. Between 1806 and 1815, during the [[Napoleonic era]], provided the modernization of Apulia with the abolition of feudalism and judicial reforms until the return of the Bourbons and the birth of the [[Kingdom of the Two Sicilies]]. Liberal movements were formed throughout the region in 1820 with the spread of [[Freemasonry]] and [[Carbonari]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-12-06 |title=La Puglia ai tempi dei Borboni (1734 - 1861) |url=https://www.algrama.it/cultura/la-puglia-ai-tempi-dei-borboni-1734-1861/ |access-date=2024-05-12 |website=Algramà |language=it-IT}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=La Carboneria |url=https://www.triplov.com/Venda_das_Raparigas/carbonaria_italiana/daniele_failli/introduzione.htm |access-date=2024-05-12 |website=www.triplov.com}}</ref> With the [[Kingdom of Italy]] established in 1861, Apulia was administratively divided into the provinces of Foggia, Bari and Lecce; to these were added in the twentieth century the provinces of Brindisi and Taranto. In the period following the unification of Italy, various brigand gangs arose, especially in Capitanata and Terra di Bari; among the major exponents are Michele Caruso, Antonio Angelo Del Sambro and Giuseppe Schiavone, the latter a faithful lieutenant of the Lucanian brigand leader [[Carmine Crocco]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Il Risorgimento in terra di Puglia |url=https://www.garibaldini.org/2011/02/il-risorgimento-in-terra-di-puglia/ |access-date=2024-05-12 |language=it-IT}}</ref>
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