Editing Anti-ship missile (section)

==Countermeasures and defenses==
{{More citations needed|section|date=February 2022}}
{{See also|Countermeasure}}
[[File:USS John Paul Jones (DDG-53) launches RIM-174 June 2014.JPG|thumb|American [[RIM-174 Standard ERAM]] [[surface-to-air missile]] used to counter anti-ship missile threats. The missile can also used as an anti-ship missile for Secondary role.]]
[[File:9M317M surface-to-air-missiles.webm|thumb|Russian naval [[Buk missile system|9M317M]] surface-to-air-missile launching from [[vertical launching system]]]]
[[Image:AN-SLQ-32 Electronic Warfare Suite on USS CG-70 Lake Erie at Osaka (2014 April 13).jpg|thumb|[[AN/SLQ-32 electronic warfare suite|AN/SLQ-32 (V)3 electronic warfare suite]] aboard [[USS Lake Erie (CG-70)|USS ''Lake Erie'']].]]
Countermeasures against anti-ship missiles include 
* [[Surface-to-air missile]]s 
* [[Close-in weapon system]]s (CIWS), including the Soviet-or Russian-made [[AK-630]] or [[Kashtan CIWS|Kashtan]], Turkish [[Aselsan GOKDENIZ]], German [[Rheinmetall Oerlikon Millennium Gun|Millennium Gun]] or the [[Phalanx CIWS|Phalanx]] and [[Goalkeeper CIWS|Goalkeeper]]. These are automated gun systems mounted on the deck of a ship that use radar to track the approaching missile, and then attempt to shoot it down during its final approach to the target.
* [[Anti-aircraft gun]]s such as the [[5-54 Mark 45|Mk 45 {{convert|5|in|mm|adj=on|0}} naval gun]] or the [[AK-130]]
* [[Electronic warfare]] equipment (such as [[AN/SLQ-32 Electronic Warfare Suite]])
* [[Decoy]] systems (such as [[chaff (radar countermeasure)|chaff]], the US Navy's [[Mark 36 SRBOC]] system), and [[flare (countermeasure)|flare]]s, or more active decoys such as the [[Nulka]]

Ships that employ some [[stealth ship|stealth technology]] can reduce the risk of detection and make themselves a harder target for the missile through the use of passive countermeasures including:
* reduction of their [[radar cross section]] (RCS) and hence radar signature.
* limiting the ship's [[infrared signature|infrared]] and [[acoustic signature]].

===History of combat interceptions===

====Gulf War====
On February 25, 1991, during the first [[Gulf War]], the Phalanx-equipped {{USS|Jarrett|FFG-33|6}} was a few miles from {{USS|Missouri|BB-63|6}} and the destroyer {{HMS|Gloucester|D96|6}}. The ships were attacked by an Iraqi [[Silkworm missile]] (often referred to as the Seersucker), at which ''Missouri'' fired its [[Mark 36 SRBOC|SRBOC]] [[chaff (radar countermeasure)|chaff]]. The Phalanx system on ''Jarrett'', operating in the automatic target-acquisition mode, fixed upon ''Missouri''{{'}}s chaff, releasing a burst of rounds. From this burst, four rounds hit ''Missouri'' which was {{convert|2|to|3|mi|km|spell=in}} from ''Jarrett'' at the time. There were no injuries.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gulflink.osd.mil/du_ii/du_ii_tabh.htm |title=Tab-H Friendly-fire Incidents |publisher=Gulflink.osd.mil |access-date=2010-04-13| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100408060501/http://www.gulflink.osd.mil/du_ii/du_ii_tabh.htm| archive-date=8 April 2010 | url-status=live}}</ref>  A [[Sea Dart missile]] was then launched from HMS ''Gloucester'', which destroyed the Iraqi missile, achieving the first successful engagement of a missile by a missile during combat at sea.

====2016 attacks off the coast of Yemen====
On 9 October 2016, {{USS|Mason|DDG-87|2}}, operating near the [[Bab-el-Mandeb]] strait, was targeted by two missiles fired from Houthi-controlled territory. Both missiles fell short and crashed into the water.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.cnbc.com/2016/10/09/us-navy-ship-uss-mason-targeted-in-failed-missile-attack-from-yemen.html |title=US Navy ship targeted in failed missile attack from Yemen |website=CNBC|date=9 October 2016 |access-date=9 October 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-10-10/missiles-fired-from-yemen-target-u-s-navy-ship-in-failed-attack|title=Missiles Fired From Yemen Target U.S. Navy Ship in Failed Attack|publisher=Bloomberg|date=10 October 2016|access-date=10 October 2016}}</ref> The Houthi insurgency denied launching the attack on the warship.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2016/10/10/politics/yemen-us-navy-targeted/|title=Yemen: Missiles target U.S. warship, Pentagon says|last1=Browne|first1=Ryan|last2=Crawford|first2=Jamie|date=10 October 2016|publisher=[[CNN]]|access-date=10 October 2016}}</ref> The [[United States Naval Institute]] reported that ''Mason'' fired two [[RIM-66 Standard|SM-2 Standard]] missiles and one [[RIM-162 ESSM]] missile to intercept the two missiles, and deployed her [[Nulka]] missile decoy. One of two U.S. defense officials cited anonymously added that it was not clear whether the incoming missiles had been shot down or crashed into the water on their own.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.usni.org/2016/10/11/uss-mason-fired-3-missiles-to-defend-from-yemen-cruise-missiles-attack|title=USS Mason Fired 3 Missiles to Defend From Yemen Cruise Missiles Attack|last=LaGrone|first=Sam|website=USNI News|publisher=U.S. Naval Institute|date=11 October 2016|access-date=12 October 2016}}</ref> This marked the first recorded instance of ship-based [[anti-air]] missiles being fired from vertical launching cells in combat in response to an actual inbound missile threat.<ref>{{cite web |title=U.S. Navy Successfully Thwarts Attack With First Engagement of Missile Defense System |url=http://foxtrotalpha.jalopnik.com/u-s-navy-successfully-thwarts-attack-with-first-engage-1787678550 |publisher=Foxtrot Alpha |date=11 October 2016 |access-date=13 October 2016}}</ref>

On 12 October 2016 {{USS|Mason|DDG-87|2}} was again targeted by missiles fired from Yemeni territory, while it was operating in the Bab el-Mandeb strait.<ref name="2nd attack">{{Cite web|url=https://news.usni.org/2016/10/12/pentagon-respond-appropriate-manner-new-missile-attack-uss-mason-yemen|title=Pentagon Pledges to Respond in 'Appropriate Manner' After New Yemen Missile Attack on USS Mason|last=LaGrone|first=Sam|date=12 October 2016|website=USNI News|publisher=U.S. Naval Institute|access-date=12 October 2016}}</ref> ''Mason'' was not hit by the two missiles, which were fired from near the southern Yemen city of [[Al Hudaydah]].<ref name="2nd attack" /> While the Navy was not certain whether the first incoming missile was intercepted or instead just fell into the sea, officials said ''Mason'' successfully intercepted the second missile at a distance of about {{convert|8|mi}},<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stripes.com/news/aegis-defense-system-helped-stop-missile-attack-on-uss-mason-1.433974|title=Aegis defense system helped stop missile attack on USS Mason|last=Copp|first=Tara|publisher=Stars and Stripes|date=13 October 2016|access-date=15 October 2016}}</ref> marking the first time in history a warship destroyed an inbound anti-ship missile with a [[Surface-to-air missile|SAM]] in actual self-defense. On 13 October 2016, the U.S. attacked three [[radar]] sites in Houthi-held territory which had been involved in the earlier missile attacks, with [[Tomahawk (missile family)|cruise missiles]] launched from ''Nitze''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-yemen-security-missiles-idUSKCN12C294|title=U.S. military strikes Yemen after missile attacks on U.S. Navy ship|last=Stewart|first=Phil|publisher=Reuters|date=12 October 2016|access-date=12 October 2016}}</ref> The Pentagon assessed that all three sites were destroyed.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-37639565|title=Yemen conflict: U.S. strikes radar sites after missile attack on ship|work=BBC News|date=13 October 2016|access-date=13 October 2016}}</ref>

On 15 October 2016, {{USS|Mason|DDG-87|2}} was targeted in a third attack by Houthi rebels based in Yemen, by five anti-ship [[cruise missile]]s while operating in the [[Red Sea]] north of the Bab el-Mandeb strait. ''Mason'' fired a radar [[decoy]], an [[infrared]] decoy, and several [[SM-2 Standard]] missiles in response, either neutralizing or intercepting four of the five incoming missiles. The Navy reported the fifth incoming missile as neutralized by a radar decoy launched from ''Nitze'', after ''Mason'' alerted her to the threat.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.navytimes.com/news/your-navy/2017/11/03/four-ship-crews-receive-combat-action-ribbon|title=Four ship crews receive Combat Action Ribbon |last=Ziezulewicz|first=Geoff|date=3 November 2017|website=Navy Times|access-date=10 November 2017}}</ref>

====2023 Houthi missile attacks====
On 26 December 2023, the [[USS Laboon|USS ''Laboon'']] shot down three ASBMs in the [[Red Sea]] fired by [[Houthi]] rebels with multiple SM-6s. This was its first intercept of a ballistic missile in combat.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.military.com/daily-news/2023/12/26/navy-defends-against-17-houthi-attacks-red-sea-shipping-over-just-10-hour-period.html|title="Massive One-Day Barrage of Houthi Attacks on Shipping Fended Off by Navy Destroyer, Fighter"|first1=Konstantin|last1=Toropin|date=December 26, 2023|work=[[Military.com]]}}</ref>

On 30 December 2023, Danish container ship Maersk Hangzhou issued a distress call after coming under fire from four small ships commanded by Iranian-backed Houthi rebels from Yemen. Attempts were also made to board Maersk Hangzhou by force, while a contracted security team defended the ship. {{USS|Gravely|DDG-107|2}} and aircraft carrier {{USS|Dwight D. Eisenhower|CVN-69|2}} responded to a distress call from the container ship. Verbal commands were radioed to the Houthi ships, while helicopters from Eisenhower were dispatched. After taking small arms fire, U.S. Navy helicopters returned fire, sinking three of the four Houthi ships. There was no damage to U.S. equipment or personnel. In the process of responding to the distress call, ''Gravely'' shot down two anti-ship ballistic missiles fired from Yemen.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://twitter.com/CENTCOM/status/1741381969936834951 |title= Iranian-backed Houthi small boats attack merchant vessel and U.S. Navy helicopters in Southern Red Sea |author= US Central Command |date= 31 December 2023 |website= X (formerly Twitter)}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | last=Tanyos | first=Faris | title=Missile fired from Houthi-controlled Yemen strikes merchant vessel in Red Sea, Pentagon says | website=CBS News | date=30 December 2023 | url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/missile-from-houthi-controlled-yemen-strikes-merchant-vessel-red-sea-uss-gravely-shoots-down-anti-ship-missiles/ | access-date=31 December 2023}}</ref>

On Jan. 9, at approximately 9:15&nbsp;p.m. (Sanaa time), Iranian-backed Houthis launched a complex attack of Iranian designed one-way attack UAVs (OWA UAVs), anti-ship cruise missiles, and an anti-ship ballistic missile from Houthi-controlled areas of Yemen into the Southern Red Sea, towards international shipping lanes where dozens of merchant vessels were transiting. Eighteen OWA UAVs, two anti-ship cruise missiles, and one anti-ship ballistic missile were shot down by a combined effort of F/A-18s from {{USS|Dwight D. Eisenhower|CVN-69|2}}, {{USS|Gravely|DDG-107|2}}, ''USS Laboon (DDG 58)'', USS {{USS|Mason|DDG-87|2}}, and the United Kingdom’s {{HMS|Diamond}}. This is the 26th Houthi attack on commercial shipping lanes in the Red Sea since Nov. 19. There were no injuries or damage reported.<ref>{{Cite news |title=US CENTCOM Statement on 26th Houthi attack on commercial shipping lanes in the Red Sea |url=https://www.centcom.mil/MEDIA/STATEMENTS/Statements-View/Article/3639970/us-centcom-statement-on-26th-houthi-attack-on-commercial-shipping-lanes-in-the/}}{{Source-attribution}}</ref>

On 14 January 2024, an anti-ship missile was fired in the direction of ''Laboon'' from a Houthi-controlled portion of Yemen, according to [[CENTCOM]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gambrell |first1=Jon |title=Yemen Houthi rebels fire missile at US warship in Red Sea in first attack after American-led strikes|url=https://apnews.com/article/houthis-us-yemen-israel-palestinians-gaza-fa2aefc86ae002e73081e6ac1b772610 |access-date=14 January 2024 |website=AP News |publisher=Associated Press |date=14 January 2024}}</ref> Two weeks later, on 30 January 2024, the [[USS Carney|USS ''Carney'']] shot down an ASBM in the [[Gulf of Aden]] fired by Houthi rebels with an SM-6.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.twz.com/sea/navys-sm-6-missile-used-in-combat-report |title="Navy's SM-6 Missile Used In Combat: Report"|first1=Thomas| last1=Newdick|first2=Joseph|last2=Trevithick|date=February 1, 2024|work=The War Zone}}</ref>

On 30 January 2024, ''USS Gravely'' used its [[Phalanx CIWS]] to shoot down an incoming anti-ship cruise missile fired by the Houthis. U.S. officials said that the missile came within a mile of the destroyer.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Liebermann |first1=Oren |last2=Bertrand |first2=Natasha |date=31 January 2024 |title=US warship had close call with Houthi missile in Red Sea |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/01/31/politics/us-warship-close-call-houthi-missile/index.html |access-date=31 January 2024 |website=CNN}}</ref> No damage or injuries were reported.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Sherman |first1=Ella |last2=Epstein |first2=Jake |date=31 January 2024 |title=A Houthi missile got so close to a US destroyer the warship turned to a last resort gun system to shoot it down: report |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/houthi-missile-close-us-warship-close-in-weapon-system-2024-1 |access-date=31 January 2024 |website=Business Insider}}</ref>

On February 6, 2024 at 4:30&nbsp;p.m., while patrolling in the Gulf of Aden, ''USS Laboon (DDG 58)'', operating near M/V Star Nasia, intercepted and shot down an anti-ship ballistic missile fired by the Iranian-backed Houthis.<ref>{{cite news |title=Iranian-Backed Houthi Terrorists conduct Multiple Anti-Ship Ballistic Missile Attacks in the Southern Red Sea and Gulf of Aden|url=https://www.centcom.mil/MEDIA/PRESS-RELEASES/Press-Release-View/Article/3668425/iranian-backed-houthi-terrorists-conduct-multiple-anti-ship-ballistic-missile-a/}}</ref> Later in the month, on 20 February 2024 at 12:30&nbsp;a.m., while operating in the [[Gulf of Aden]], ''Laboon'' detected and shot down one anti-ship cruise missile fired by the Houthis.<ref>{{cite news |title=Feb. 19 and early morning Feb. 20 Red Sea Update |url=https://www.centcom.mil/MEDIA/PRESS-RELEASES/Press-Release-View/Article/3681040/feb-19-and-early-morning-feb-20-red-sea-update/ |access-date=12 April 2024 |publisher=U.S. Central Command |date=20 February 2024}}</ref>