Editing Anti-Arab racism (section)

===Australia===
[[File:Cronulla riots 2 - no lebs.jpg|thumb|[[2005 Cronulla riots|Cronulla riots]] in Sydney, Australia in December 2005.]]
{{See also|Racism in Australia}}
The [[2005 Cronulla riots|Cronulla riots]] in [[Sydney]], Australia in December 2005 have been described as "anti-Arab racism" by community leaders.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Ansley |first=Greg |date=2005-12-16 |title=1000 extra police officers ready for Sydney lockdown |journal=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/feature/story.cfm?c_id=1501019&ObjectID=10360218 |access-date=April 7, 2006 |archive-date=September 29, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929120425/http://www.nzherald.co.nz/feature/story.cfm?c_id=1501019&ObjectID=10360218 |url-status=dead }}</ref> NSW Premier [[Morris Iemma]] said the violence revealed the "ugly face of racism in this country".<ref>{{cite journal |last=Brown |first=Malcolm |author2=Dan Silkstone |date=2005-12-13 |title=Fresh violence rocks Sydney |journal=[[The Age]] |url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/national/riots-fire-debate-on-racism/2005/12/12/1134236003072.html}}</ref>

A 2004 report by the [[Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission]] said that more than two-thirds of Muslim and Arab Australians say they have experienced racism or [[racial vilification]] since the [[September 11 attacks]] and that 90% of female respondents experienced racial abuse or violence.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Delaney |first=Brigid |author2=Cynthia Banham |date=2004-06-17 |title=Muslims feel the hands of racism tighten around them |journal=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]] |url=https://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/06/16/1087244979369.html |access-date=2006-04-08}}</ref>

Adam Houda, a [[Lebanese people|Lebanese]] [[Muslim]] [[lawyer]], has been repeatedly harassed by the [[New South Wales]] police force.<ref name="AdamHouda2">{{cite news |newspaper=[[Sydney Morning Herald]] |title=Payout for lawyer dragged from court |url=https://www.smh.com.au/news/national/payout-for-lawyer-dragged-from-court/2005/10/25/1130239521799.html |access-date=2012-07-19 |date=2005-06-09 |author=Wallace, Natasha}}</ref><ref name="AdamHouda4">{{cite news|newspaper=[[Sydney Morning Herald]] |title=Lawyer wins $145,000 for 'spiteful' arrest |url=https://www.smh.com.au/news/national/lawyer-wins-145000-for-spiteful-arrest/2005/10/25/1130006097096.html |date=2005-10-25 |access-date=2012-07-19 |author=Wallace, Natasha}}</ref><ref name="AdamHouda6">{{cite news |date=5 October 2011 |title=(NSW): Muslim lawyer wrongly arrested: court told |url=<!-- dead link accessed 2012-07-19 (citation details: Australian Broadcasting Company, 2005-11-12): http://news.ninemsn.com.au/national/8355895/muslim-lawyer-wrongly-arrested-court-told --> |access-date= |work=[[Australian Associated Press]] General News |publisher= |id=AAP lxs/jjs/dep/jlw/. [[Factiva]] [https://global.factiva.com/redir/default.aspx?p=sa&NS=16&an=AAP0000020111005e7a50025t&drn=drn:archive.newsarticle.AAP0000020111005e7a50025t&cat=a&ep=asi AAP0000020111005e7a50025t]. |agency=AAP}}</ref><ref name="AdamHouda7">{{cite news |publisher=[[NineMSN]] |title=A Winger and a Prayer |url=http://www.abc.net.au/austory/content/2007/s2043052.htm |date=2007-07-24 |access-date=2012-07-19 |agency=[[Australian Story]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019000530/http://www.abc.net.au/austory/content/2007/s2043052.htm |archive-date=October 19, 2016 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref name="AdamHouda8">{{cite news|newspaper=[[Sydney Morning Herald]] |title=Adam Houda: 'talk out against oppression and injustice{{'-}} |url=https://www.smh.com.au/news/national/adam-houda-talk-out-against-oppression-and-injustice/2005/11/27/1132966009134.html |date=2007-11-27 |access-date=2012-07-19}}</ref> Houda has been arrested or detained six times in 11 years and has sued the police force for [[malicious prosecution]] and harassment three times. Houda claims that the police's motivation is racism which he says is "alive and well" in [[Bankstown]]. He has been stopped going to prayers, with relatives and friends and has been subjected to a humiliating body search. He has been the object of several groundless accusations of robbery or holding a knife. A senior lawyer told the [[Sydney Morning Herald]] that the police harassment was due to the police enmity against Houda's clients and the Australian Arab community.<ref name="AdamHouda1">{{cite news|newspaper=[[Sydney Morning Herald]] |title=Suing police again, the lawyer of Middle Eastern appearance |url=https://www.smh.com.au/nsw/suing-police-again-the-lawyer-of-middle-eastern-appearance-20111112-1ncvd.html |date=2011-11-13 |access-date=2012-07-19 |author=Mercer, Neil}}</ref> He was first falsely arrested in 2000 for which he was awarded $145,000 damages by a judge who described his persecution as "shocking". Constable Lance Stebbing was found to have maliciously arrested Houda, as well as using profanities against him and approaching him in a "menacing manner". Stebbing was supported by other police, against the testimony of many eyewitnesses.<ref name="AdamHouda9">{{cite web |url=http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/scjudgments/2005nswsc.nsf/66950614059df523ca25673900081e8e/0f0bd2707fc26affca25709e001f46f6?OpenDocument |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121127042143/http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/scjudgments/2005nswsc.nsf/66950614059df523ca25673900081e8e/0f0bd2707fc26affca25709e001f46f6?OpenDocument |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-11-27 |publisher=LawLink NSW |date=2005-10-26 |title=Houda v The State of New South Wales |quote=It is common ground that Constable Stebbing laid the charge against the plaintiff comprised in the Field Court Attendance Notice (Exhibit Z) of assaulting him and that that charge was terminated in favour of the plaintiff. I have found that in laying that charge Constable Stebbing acted out of spite or ill will towards the plaintiff. He then, because of his personal contact with the events well knew that the offence had not been committed. Accordingly the count of malicious prosecution has been established. ... I am further comfortably satisfied on the probabilities that Constable Stebbing, with the assistance of other police officers imprisoned the plaintiff and that imprisonment caused him to be escorted to the police station and held there for a period of about one hour. For reasons already given the constable had no reasonable or probable cause for imprisoning him.}}</ref> In 2005, Houda accused the police of disabling his mobile phone making it difficult to perform his work as a criminal defense lawyer.<ref name="AdamHouda5">{{cite news|newspaper=[[Sydney Morning Herald]] |title=Lawyer wins $145,000 for 'spiteful' arrest |url=https://www.smh.com.au/news/national/police-are-disabling-my-phone-houda/2005/11/12/1131578275328.html |date=2005-11-12 |access-date=2012-07-19 |agency=[[Australian Associated Press]]}}</ref>

In 2010, Houda, his lawyer Chris Murphy, and Channel Seven journalist [[Adam Walters]] claimed that Frank Menilli, a senior [[New South Wales]] police officer, behaved in a corrupt fashion by trying to alter [[Seven Network|Channel Seven]]'s coverage of the Houda Case by promising Walters inside information in exchange for presenting the case in the police's favour. Walters regarded the offer as an "attempted bribe".<ref>{{cite news |newspaper=[[Sydney Morning Herald]] |title=Police officer accused of trying to bribe Channel Seven |url=https://www.smh.com.au/nsw/police-officer-accused-of-trying-to-bribe-channel-seven-20100920-15ju0.html |date=2010-09-21 |access-date=2012-07-19 |author=Gibson, Joel}}</ref><ref name="AdamHouda10">{{cite news |newspaper=[[Sydney Morning Herald]] |title=Chris Murphy's complaint |url=https://www.smh.com.au/nsw/chris-murphys-complaint-20100921-15k5i.html |date=2010-09-21 |access-date=2012-07-19 |author=Murphy, Christopher}}</ref> The latest incident occurred in 2011, when Houda was arrested for refusing a frisk search and resisting arrest after having been approached by police suspecting him of involvement in a recent robbery. These charges were thrown out of court by Judge John Connell who stated "At the end of the day, here were three men of Middle Eastern appearance walking along a suburban street, for all the police knew, minding their own business at an unexceptional time of day, in unexceptional clothing, except two of the men had hooded jumpers. The place they were in could not have raised a reasonable suspicion they were involved in the robberies"<ref name="AdamHouda1"/> Houda is currently suing the six police officers involved for false imprisonment, unlawful arrest, assault and battery and defamation. One of the six is an assistant commissioner. He is seeking $5 million in damages.<ref name="AdamHouda3">{{cite news |newspaper=[[The Age]] |url=http://m.theage.com.au/nsw/lawyer-to-sue-nsw-police-for-5m-20120317-1vc1p.html |title=Lawyer to sue NSW Police for $5m |date=2012-03-08 |access-date=2012-07-19 |author=Mercer, Neil |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130801081005/http://m.theage.com.au/nsw/lawyer-to-sue-nsw-police-for-5m-20120317-1vc1p.html |archive-date=August 1, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="AdamHouda11">{{cite web |publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Company]] |title=Solicitor takes on Police over racial profiling |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-06-01/solicitor-takes-on-police-over-racial-profiling/4048312 |date=2012-06-01 |access-date=2012-07-19}}</ref>