Editing Anime (section)

===Modern era===
[[File:Astro Boy 1963 opening.jpg|thumb|left|Frame from the opening sequence of Tezuka's 1963 TV series ''[[Astro Boy (1963 TV series)|Astro Boy]]'']]

In the 1960s, [[manga]] artist and animator [[Osamu Tezuka]] adapted and simplified Disney animation techniques to reduce costs and limit frame counts in his productions.{{sfn|Brenner|2007|p=6}} Originally intended as temporary measures to allow him to produce material on a tight schedule with inexperienced staff, many of his [[limited animation]] practices came to define the medium's style.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://novaonline.nvcc.edu/eli/evans/his135/Events/Anime62/Anime62.html |title=The History of Anime & Manga |last=Zagzoug |first=Marwa |date=April 2001 |publisher=[[Northern Virginia Community College]] |access-date=22 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130519110530/http://novaonline.nvcc.edu/eli/evans/his135/Events/Anime62/Anime62.html |archive-date=19 May 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref> ''[[Three Tales (anime)|Three Tales]]'' (1960) was the first anime film broadcast on television;{{sfn|Patten|2004|p=271}} the first anime television series was ''[[Instant History]]'' (1961–64).{{sfn|Patten|2004|p=219}} An early and influential success was [[Astro Boy (1963 TV series)|''Astro Boy'']] (1963–66), a television series directed by Tezuka based on [[Astro Boy|his manga of the same name]]. Many animators at Tezuka's [[Mushi Production]] later established major anime studios (including [[Madhouse (company)|Madhouse]], [[Sunrise (company)|Sunrise]], and [[Pierrot (company)|Pierrot]]).

The 1970s saw growth in the popularity of manga, many of which were later animated. Tezuka's work—and that of other pioneers in the field—inspired characteristics and genres that remain fundamental elements of anime today. The giant robot genre (also known as "[[mecha]]"), for instance, took shape under Tezuka, developed into the [[Super Robot|super robot]] genre under [[Go Nagai]] and others, and was revolutionized at the end of the decade by [[Yoshiyuki Tomino]], who developed the [[Real Robot|real robot]] genre.{{sfn|Patten|2004|p=264}} Robot anime series such as ''[[Gundam]]'' and ''[[Super Dimension Fortress Macross]]'' became instant classics in the 1980s, and the genre remained one of the most popular in the following decades.{{sfn|Patten|2004|pp=306–307}} The [[Japanese asset price bubble|bubble economy]] of the 1980s spurred a new era of high-budget and experimental anime films, including ''[[Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind (film)|Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind]]'' (1984), ''[[Royal Space Force: The Wings of Honnêamise]]'' (1987), and ''[[Akira (1988 film)|Akira]]'' (1988).{{sfn|Le Blanc|Odell|2017|page=56}}

''[[Neon Genesis Evangelion]]'' (1995), a television series produced by [[Gainax]] and directed by [[Hideaki Anno]], began another era of experimental anime titles, such as ''[[Ghost in the Shell (1995 film)|Ghost in the Shell]]'' (1995) and ''[[Cowboy Bebop]]'' (1998). In the 1990s, anime also began attracting greater interest in Western countries; major international successes include ''[[Sailor Moon (TV series)|Sailor Moon]]'' and ''[[Dragon Ball Z]]'', both of which were [[Dubbing (filmmaking)|dubbed]] into more than a dozen languages worldwide. In 2003, ''[[Spirited Away]]'', a [[Studio Ghibli]] feature film directed by [[Hayao Miyazaki]], won the [[Academy Award for Best Animated Feature]] at the [[75th Academy Awards]]. It later became the [[List of highest-grossing anime films|highest-grossing anime film]],{{efn|''Spirited Away'' was later surpassed as the highest-grossing anime film by ''[[Your Name]]'' (2016).}} earning more than $355&nbsp;million. Since the 2000s, an increased number of anime works have been adaptations of [[light novel]]s and [[visual novel]]s; successful examples include ''[[The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya]]'' and ''[[Fate/stay night]]'' (both 2006). ''[[Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba the Movie: Mugen Train]]'' became the [[List of highest-grossing films in Japan|highest-grossing Japanese film]] and one of the world's highest-grossing films of 2020.<ref name="bbc1">{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-54730487 |title=How a demon-slaying film is drawing Japan back to the cinemas |date=31 October 2020 |website=[[BBC]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201103161257/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-54730487 |archive-date=3 November 2020}}</ref><ref name="bbc">{{cite web |date=October 31, 2020 |title=How a demon-slaying film is drawing Japan back to the cinemas |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-54730487 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201103161257/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-54730487 |archive-date=November 3, 2020 |website=BBC}}</ref> It also became the fastest grossing film in Japanese cinema, because in 10 days it made 10 billion yen ($95.3m; £72m).<ref name="bbc"/> It beat the previous record of ''[[Spirited Away]]'' which took 25 days.<ref name="bbc"/><ref>{{cite web |date=November 14, 2020 |title=The world is watching more anime and streaming services are buying |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-world-is-watching-more-animeand-streaming-services-are-buying-11605365629 |website=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |access-date=November 9, 2021 |archive-date=April 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220422222339/https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-world-is-watching-more-animeand-streaming-services-are-buying-11605365629 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=June 5, 2021 |title=Streaming and covid-19 have entrenched anime's global popularity |newspaper=[[The Economist]] |url=https://www.economist.com/business/2021/06/05/streaming-and-covid-19-have-entrenched-animes-global-popularity |access-date=November 9, 2021 |archive-date=November 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211109124437/https://www.economist.com/business/2021/06/05/streaming-and-covid-19-have-entrenched-animes-global-popularity |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=11 May 2023 |title=Streaming giants battle for anime supremacy |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/streaming-giants-battle-for-anime-supremacy |website=[[The Straits Times]] |access-date=November 4, 2023 |archive-date=June 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230607235146/https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/streaming-giants-battle-for-anime-supremacy |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=12 May 2023 |title=Streaming giants battle to be top platform for Japanese anime |url=https://www.scmp.com/video/asia/3220322/streaming-giants-battle-be-top-platform-japanese-anime |website=[[South China Morning Post]] |access-date=November 4, 2023 |archive-date=May 29, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230529161703/https://www.scmp.com/video/asia/3220322/streaming-giants-battle-be-top-platform-japanese-anime |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2021, the anime adaptations of ''[[Jujutsu Kaisen]]'', ''[[Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba (TV series)|Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba]]'' and ''[[Tokyo Revengers]]'' were among the top 10 most discussed TV shows worldwide on Twitter.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/topics/insights/2021/2021--onlyontwitter|title=2021 #OnlyOnTwitter|date=9 December 2021|website=Twitter|access-date=November 4, 2023|archive-date=December 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209171456/https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/topics/insights/2021/2021--onlyontwitter|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="ktops">{{cite news|url=https://www.cbr.com/jujutsu-kaisen-squid-game-wandavision-twitter-2021/|title=Jujutsu Kaisen Tops Squid Game, Wandavision in Social Media's 2021 Discussions|date=9 December 2021|website=CBR|access-date=December 16, 2021|archive-date=March 10, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220310061915/https://www.cbr.com/jujutsu-kaisen-squid-game-wandavision-twitter-2021/|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2022, ''[[Attack on Titan (TV series)|Attack on Titan]]'' won the award of "Most In-Demand TV Series in the World 2021" in the Global TV Demand Awards. ''Attack on Titan'' became the first ever non-English language series to earn the title of World's Most In-Demand TV Show, previously held by only ''[[The Walking Dead (TV series)|The Walking Dead]]'' and ''[[Game of Thrones]]''.<ref name="WFMZ-TV">{{Cite web|title=Anime and Asian series dominate 4th Annual Global TV Demand Awards, highlighting industry and consumer trends towards international content|url=https://www.wfmz.com/news/pr_newswire/pr_newswire_entertainment/anime-and-asian-series-dominate-4th-annual-global-tv-demand-awards-highlighting-industry-and-consumer/article_28591ec0-befe-57c6-99c3-eebe66ad66c5.html|date=January 25, 2022|access-date=January 27, 2022|publisher=[[WFMZ-TV]]|archive-date=March 28, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220328045603/https://www.wfmz.com/news/pr_newswire/pr_newswire_entertainment/anime-and-asian-series-dominate-4th-annual-global-tv-demand-awards-highlighting-industry-and-consumer/article_28591ec0-befe-57c6-99c3-eebe66ad66c5.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2024, ''Jujutsu Kaisen'' broke the [[Guinness World Record]] for the "Most in-demand animated TV show" with a global demand rating 71.2 times than that of the average TV show, previously held by ''Attack on Titan''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/566389-most-in-demand-animated-tv-show|title=Most in-demand animated TV show|work=[[Guinness World Records]]|access-date=April 5, 2024|archive-date=April 5, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405002815/https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/566389-most-in-demand-animated-tv-show|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Mateo|first=Alex|title=Guinness World Records Names Jujutsu Kaisen 'Most In-Demand Animated TV Show'|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2024-04-05/guinness-world-records-names-jujutsu-kaisen-most-in-demand-animated-tv-show/.209592|website=[[Anime News Network]]|date=April 5, 2024|access-date=April 5, 2024|archive-date=April 5, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405204400/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2024-04-05/guinness-world-records-names-jujutsu-kaisen-most-in-demand-animated-tv-show/.209592|url-status=live}}</ref>