Jump to content
Main menu
Main menu
move to sidebar
hide
Navigation
Main page
Recent changes
Random page
Help about MediaWiki
Special pages
Niidae Wiki
Search
Search
Appearance
Create account
Log in
Personal tools
Create account
Log in
Pages for logged out editors
learn more
Contributions
Talk
Editing
Alcohol (chemistry)
(section)
Page
Discussion
English
Read
Edit
View history
Tools
Tools
move to sidebar
hide
Actions
Read
Edit
View history
General
What links here
Related changes
Page information
Appearance
move to sidebar
hide
Warning:
You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you
log in
or
create an account
, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
Anti-spam check. Do
not
fill this in!
===Common names=== In other less formal contexts, an alcohol is often called with the name of the corresponding alkyl group followed by the word "alcohol", e.g., [[methyl group|methyl]] alcohol, [[ethyl group|ethyl]] alcohol. [[Propyl]] alcohol may be [[propanol|''n''-propyl alcohol]] or [[isopropyl alcohol]], depending on whether the hydroxyl group is bonded to the end or middle carbon on the straight [[propane]] chain. As described under systematic naming, if another group on the molecule takes priority, the alcohol moiety is often indicated using the "hydroxy-" prefix.<ref name="chem.uiuc">{{cite web|title=How to name organic compounds using the IUPAC rules|url=http://www.chem.uiuc.edu/GenChemReferences/nomenclature_rules.html|website=www.chem.uiuc.edu|publisher=THE DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS|access-date=14 November 2016}}</ref> In archaic nomenclature, alcohols can be named as derivatives of methanol using "-carbinol" as the ending. For instance, {{chem2|(CH3)3COH}} can be named [[trimethylcarbinol]]. ====Primary, secondary, and tertiary==== {{anchor|secondary|tertiary}} Alcohols are then classified into primary, secondary (''sec-'', ''s-''), and tertiary (''tert-'', ''t-''), based upon the number of carbon atoms connected to the carbon atom that bears the [[hydroxyl]] [[functional group]]. The respective numeric shorthands 1Β°, 2Β°, and 3Β° are sometimes used in informal settings.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Reusch|first1=William|title=Nomenclature of Alcohols|url=http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Organic_Chemistry/Alcohols/Nomenclature_of_Alcohols|website=chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/|date=2 October 2013|access-date=17 March 2015}}</ref> The primary alcohols have general formulas {{chem2|RCH2OH}}. The simplest primary alcohol is methanol ({{chem2|CH3OH}}), for which R = H, and the next is ethanol, for which {{chem2|1=R = CH3}}, the [[methyl group]]. Secondary alcohols are those of the form RR'CHOH, the simplest of which is 2-propanol ({{chem2|1=R = R' = CH3}}). For the tertiary alcohols, the general form is RR'R"COH. The simplest example is [[Tert-Butyl alcohol|''tert''-butanol]] (2-methylpropan-2-ol), for which each of R, R', and R" is {{chem2|CH3}}. In these shorthands, R, R', and R" represent [[substituents]], alkyl or other attached, generally organic groups.
Summary:
Please note that all contributions to Niidae Wiki may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly, then do not submit it here.
You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource (see
Encyclopedia:Copyrights
for details).
Do not submit copyrighted work without permission!
Cancel
Editing help
(opens in new window)
Search
Search
Editing
Alcohol (chemistry)
(section)
Add topic