Editing Alanine (section)

===Chemical synthesis===
{{See also|Hell–Volhard–Zelinsky halogenation}}
<small>L</small>-Alanine is produced industrially by decarboxylation of [[L-aspartate|<small>L</small>-aspartate]] by the action of [[aspartate 4-decarboxylase]].  Fermentation routes to <small>L</small>-alanine are complicated by [[alanine racemase]].<ref>{{Ullmann| vauthors = Drauz K, Grayson IG, Kleemann A, Krimmer HP, Leuchtenberger W, Weckbecker C |year=2006|doi=10.1002/14356007.a02_057.pub2}}</ref>

[[Racemic]] alanine can be prepared by the condensation of [[acetaldehyde]] with [[ammonium chloride]] in the presence of [[sodium cyanide]] by the [[Strecker amino acid synthesis|Strecker reaction]],<ref>{{OrgSynth | vauthors = Kendall EC, McKenzie BF | title = ''dl''-Alanine | prep = cv1p0021 | volume = 9 | pages = 4 | year = 1929 | collvol = 1 | collvolpages = 21 | doi = 10.15227/orgsyn.009.0004}}.</ref>
<!--- Note: This Org Synth manuscript is in two parts; the Kendall and McKenzie part used above relates to the Strecker synthesis, whilst the second part by Tobie and Ayres relates to preparing alanine from 2-bromopropanoic acid.  Please be careful if checking / changing these reference, which do share most citation details. --->
:[[File:Synthesis_of_alanine_-_1.png|415px]]

or by the [[ammonolysis]] of [[2-bromopropanoic acid]].<ref>{{OrgSynth | vauthors = Tobie WC, Ayres GB | title = ''dl''-Alanine | prep = cv1p0021 | year = 1941 | collvol = 1 | collvolpages = 21 | doi = 10.15227/orgsyn.009.0004 }}</ref> <!---Note above applies here too--->
:[[File:Synthesis_of_alanine_-_2.png|300px]]