Editing Agricultural subsidy (section)

=== Malawi ===
Increases in food and fertilizer prices have underlined the vulnerability of poor urban and rural households in many developing countries, especially in Africa, renewing policymakers' focus on the need to increase staple food crop productivity.

A study by the [[Overseas Development Institute]] evaluates the benefits of the Malawi Government Agricultural Inputs Subsidy Programme, which was implemented in 2006–2007 to promote access to and use of fertilizers in both maize and tobacco production to increase agricultural productivity and food security. The subsidy was implemented by means of a coupon system which could be redeemed by the recipients for [[Fertilizer Subsidies in Sub Saharan Africa#Input vouchers|fertilizer]] types at approximately one-third of the normal cash price.<ref name=malawi /> According to policy conclusions of the [[Overseas Development Institute]] the voucher for coupon system can be an effective way of rationing and targeting subsidy access to maximize production and economic and social gains. Many practical and political challenges remain in the program design and implementation required to increase efficiency, control costs, and limit patronage and fraud.<ref name=malawi>{{cite web|url=https://www.odi.org/publications/2464-towards-smart-subsidies-agriculture-lessons-recent-malawi|title=Towards 'smart' subsidies in agriculture? Lessons from recent experience in Malawi|date=September 2008|publisher=[[Overseas Development Institute]]}}</ref>