Editing Adolf Anderssen (section)

===Morphy match, 1858===
[[Image:PaulmorphyHair.jpg|thumb | right | 150px | [[Paul Morphy]] defeated all opposition in 1858.]]
Opportunities for tournament play remained rare, and Anderssen was reluctant to travel far because of the expense.{{citation needed|date=August 2019}} <!-- previously this was cited in Fine's book, but I don't see it there -- User:Adpete --> In his one recorded tournament between 1851 and 1862, a one-game-per-round [[Single-elimination tournament|knock-out tournament]] at [[Manchester]] in 1857, he was eliminated in the second round.<ref name="storiascacchiTorneiAl1879" />  Then in late 1858, he was beaten 8–3 by the American champion [[Paul Morphy]] in a famous match held in Paris, France (two wins, two [[draw (chess)|draws]], seven losses).<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.mark-weeks.com/chess/v$m$$mix.htm | title=Morphy Matches| access-date=17 June 2008 }} from Mark Weeks' Chess Pages</ref> Although Anderssen knew as well as anyone how to attack, Morphy understood much better when to attack and how to prepare an attack. Morphy had recently scored equally convincing wins in matches against other top-class players: [[Johann Löwenthal]], the Rev. [[John Owen (chess player)|John Owen]] and [[Daniel Harrwitz]].<ref name="FineMorphy">{{cite book | author=Fine, R. | title=The World's Great Chess Games | year=1976 | publisher=Dover|page=21}}</ref> Morphy returned to the United States in 1859, however, and soon afterwards announced his retirement from serious chess, making Anderssen once again the strongest active player.<ref name="Draper1963DoesAgeAffectMasterChess" />

Anderssen played the curious opening move 1.a3 in three games of his match against Morphy, and broke even with it (one loss, one draw, one win).<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1019039 | title=Anderssen vs Morphy, Paris 1858, game 6 | access-date=17 June 2008 }} {{cite web | url=http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1019043 | title=Anderssen vs Morphy, Paris 1858, game 8 | access-date=17 June 2008 }} {{cite web | url=http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1019048 | title=Anderssen vs Morphy, Paris 1858, game 10 | access-date=17 June 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080712205707/http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1019048| archive-date= 12 July 2008 | url-status= live}}</ref> This opening move, now referred to as [[Anderssen's Opening]], has never been popular in serious competition.<ref name="Schiller2002UnorthodoxOpenings">{{cite book | author=[[Eric Schiller]] | year=2002 | edition=Second | title=Unorthodox Chess Openings | publisher=Cardoza | isbn=1-58042-072-9 }}</ref>