Editing Acropolis of Athens (section)

===Hellenistic and Roman Period===
[[File:Acropolis 3D.stl|thumb|upright=1.2|3-D model of the Acropolis in 165 AD (click to rotate)]]

During the Hellenistic and Roman periods, many of the existing buildings in the area of the Acropolis were repaired to remedy damage from age and occasionally war.<ref name="autogenerated54">Travlos, John, ''Pictorial Dictionary of Ancient Athens'', London: Thames and Hudson, 1971. p. 54.</ref> Monuments to foreign kings were erected, notably those of the [[Attalid|Attalid kings]] of Pergamon Attalos II (in front of the NW corner of the Parthenon), and Eumenes II, in front of the Propylaea. These were rededicated during the early Roman Empire to Augustus or Claudius (uncertain) and [[Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa|Agrippa]], respectively.<ref>Hurwit 2000, p. 278.</ref> Eumenes was also responsible for constructing a [[Stoa of Eumenes|stoa]] on the south slope, similar to that of [[Stoa of Attalos|Attalos]] in the [[Athenian agora|agora]] below.<ref>[http://www.greek-thesaurus.gr/the-acropolis-the-stoa-of-Eumenes.html "The Stoa of Eumenes"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120602034512/http://www.greek-thesaurus.gr/the-acropolis-the-stoa-of-Eumenes.html |date=2012-06-02 }}, The Acropolis of Athens. Greek Thesaurus. Retrieved 9 February 2013.</ref>

During the [[Julio-Claudian dynasty|Julio-Claudian period]], the Temple of Roma and Augustus, a small, round edifice about 23 meters from the Parthenon, was to be the last significant ancient construction on the summit of the rock.<ref>Hurwit 2000, p. 279.</ref> Around the same time, on the north slope, in a [[Cave Sanctuaries of the Akropolis|cave]] next to the one dedicated to [[Pan (god)|Pan]] since the Classical period, a sanctuary was founded where the [[Archons#Ancient Greece|archons]] dedicated to [[Apollo]] on assuming office.<ref>Nulton, Peter, ''The Sanctuary of Apollo Hypoakraios and Imperial Athens'', Archaeologia Transatlantica XXI, 2003.</ref> During 161 AD, on the south slope, the Roman [[Herodes Atticus]] built his grand amphitheater or [[Odeon of Herodes Atticus|odeon]]. It was destroyed by the invading [[Herulian]]s a century later but was reconstructed during the 1950s.<ref name="Steves2011">{{cite book |last=Steves |first=Rick |title=Rick Steves' Greece: Athens & the Peloponnese |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1zNtIHutGTwC&pg=PA115 |access-date=9 February 2013 |year=2011 |publisher=Avalon Travel |isbn=978-1-61238-060-5 |pages=115–}}</ref>

During the 3rd century, under threat from a Herulian invasion, repairs were made to the Acropolis walls, and the [[Beulé Gate]] was constructed to restrict entrance in front of the Propylaea, thus returning the Acropolis to use as a fortress.<ref name="autogenerated54"/>