Editing Abu Sayyaf (section)

==Supporters and funding==
Abdurajak Abubakar Janjalani's first recruits were soldiers of MNLF and the [[Moro Islamic Liberation Front]] (MILF). However, both MNLF and MILF deny links with Abu Sayyaf. Both officially distance themselves because of its attacks on civilians and its supposed profiteering. The Philippine military, however, has claimed that elements of both groups provide support to Abu Sayyaf. The group was originally not thought to receive funding from outside sources, but intelligence reports from the United States, Indonesia and Australia found intermittent ties to the Indonesian [[Jemaah Islamiyah]] terrorist group,<ref>{{cite news|title=Ferry bomb terror suspect held in Manila|publisher=CNN|date=August 30, 2008|url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/08/30/philippines.suspect/index.html?iref=newssearch}}</ref> and the [[Philippines|Philippine]] government considers the Abu Sayyaf to be part of [[Jemaah Islamiyah]].<ref name="TimeAsiaReturn"/> The government noted that initial funding for ASG came from [[al-Qaeda]] through the brother-in-law of Osama bin Laden, [[Mohammed Jamal Khalifa]].<ref name="TimeAsiaReturn">{{cite news|title=The Return of Abu Sayyaf|date=August 30, 2004|magazine=[[Time Asia]] |url=http://www.time.com/time/asia/magazine/article/0,13673,501040830-686107,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040824021217/http://www.time.com/time/asia/magazine/article/0,13673,501040830-686107,00.html|archive-date=August 24, 2004|first=Simon|last=Elegant}}</ref><ref name="BBCAirRebel">{{cite news|title=Air raids hit Philippines rebels|publisher=BBC|date=November 20, 2004|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4027721.stm|location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=AsiaWeek: 08.31.1999|publisher=AsiaWeek|date=August 31, 1999}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=James |first1=Michael S. |last2=Cooley |first2=John Kent |author-link2=John K. Cooley |date=December 20, 2001 |title=The Abu Sayyaf-Al Qaeda Connection-Abu Sayyaf Terrorist Group Alleged to Have Links to Al Qaeda |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/story?id=79205&page=1&page=1 |access-date=December 20, 2001 |work=ABC News International}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20091111-235574/Abu-Sayyaf-survives-US-based-Philippine-crackdown|title=Abu Sayyaf survives US-backed Philippine crackdown|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121012005634/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20091111-235574/Abu-Sayyaf-survives-US-based-Philippine-crackdown|archive-date=October 12, 2012}}</ref>

Al-Qaeda-affiliated terrorist [[Ramzi Yousef]] operated in the Philippines in the mid-1990s and trained Abu Sayyaf soldiers.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Banlaoi |first=Rommel C. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57477534 |title=War on terrorism in Southeast Asia |date=2004 |publisher=Rex Book Store |isbn=971-23-4031-7 |location=Manila, Philippines |pages=1–235 |oclc=57477534 |author-link=Rommel Banlaoi}}</ref> The 2002 edition of the United States Department's Patterns of Global Terrorism mention links to Al-Qaeda. Continuing ties to Islamist groups in the Middle East indicate that al-Qaeda may be continuing support.<ref name="BBCWho" /><ref>{{cite news |last=Lazaro |first=Cecilia |date=August 10, 2003 |title=Gunfight in philippine bomber hunt |work=CNN|url=http://www.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/asiapcf/southeast/08/10/philippine.gunfight/index.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Bin Laden Funds Abu Sayyaf Through Muslim Relief Group |date=August 9, 2000 |newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer}}</ref> As of mid-2005, Jemaah Islamiyah personnel reportedly had trained about 60 Abu Sayyaf cadres in bomb assembling and detonations.<ref>Mogato, Manny, "Philippine rebels linking up with foreign jihadist". Reuters August 21, 2005.</ref><ref>Del Puerto, Luige A. "PNP [Philippine National Police]: Alliance of JI, RP terrorists strong". ''Philippines Daily Inquirer'' (internet version), November 20, 2005</ref><ref name="TSA-BV-17">{{cite book|last1=Vaughn|first1=Bruce|title=Terrorism in Southeast Asia|date=2009|publisher=DIANE Publishing.|page=17|url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=Fc3rC5zWOHQC|page=16}}|access-date=May 17, 2015}}</ref>

===Funding===
The group obtained most of its financing through kidnap [[ransom]] and extortion.<ref name="SherwellHostageBiz"/><ref>{{cite web |last=Banlaoi |first=Rommel C. |author-link=Rommel Banlaoi |year=2010 |title=The Sources of Abu Sayyaf's Resilience in the Southern Philippines |url=https://www.ctc.usma.edu/posts/the-sources-of-the-abu-sayyaf%e2%80%99s-resilience-in-the-southern-philippines |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170528182911/https://www.ctc.usma.edu/posts/the-sources-of-the-abu-sayyaf%e2%80%99s-resilience-in-the-southern-philippines |archive-date=May 28, 2017 |access-date=August 24, 2019 |website=Combating Terrorism Center at West Point}}</ref> One report estimated its revenues from ransom payments in 2000 were between $10 and $25&nbsp;million. According to the State Department, it may receive funding from radical Islamic benefactors in the Middle East and South Asia. It was reported that Libya facilitated ransom payments to Abu Sayyaf. It was also suggested that Libyan money could possibly be channeled to Abu Sayyaf.<ref>{{cite web |author=Niksch, Larry |title=Abu Sayyaf: Target of Philippine-U.S. Anti-Terrorism Cooperation |work=CRS Report for Congress |publisher=Federation of American Scientists |date=January 25, 2002 |url=https://fas.org/irp/crs/RL31265.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://fas.org/irp/crs/RL31265.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live}}</ref> Russian intelligence agencies connected with [[Victor Bout]]'s planes reportedly provided Abu Sayyaf with arms.<ref>[http://www.isn.ethz.ch/isn/Current-Affairs/Security-Watch/Detail/?id=88499&lng=en The deadly convenience of Victor Bout]. ISN Eth Zurich. June 24, 2008</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Pallister |first=David |date=2009-03-06 |title=Background: the life of Viktor Bout |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/mar/06/viktor-bout-background |access-date=2023-03-26 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> In 2014 and since, kidnapping for ransom has been the primary means of funding.<ref name="HookwayRansomTerror"/>

The chart below collects events that Abu Sayyaf received ransoms or payments that are euphemistically called "board and lodgings".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mogato |first=Manuel |date=April 26, 2016 |title=Beheading highlights lucrative kidnap business of Philippine rebels |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-philippines-militants/beheading-highlights-lucrative-kidnap-business-of-philippine-rebels-idUSKCN0XN1II |access-date=January 25, 2018}}</ref> The more detailed information can be seen in the [[Timeline of Abu Sayyaf attacks]].
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Event
!Hostage(s) released
!Ransom demanded ($US)
!Amount paid ($US)
|-
|2011 Kidnapping of an Australian
|[[Warren Rodwell]] (2013)
|$2&nbsp;million<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Jacinto |first1=Al |last2=Murdoch |first2=Lindsay |date=2012-01-04 |title=$US2m ransom on Australian's life |url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/us2m-ransom-on-australians-life-20120104-1pla7.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928194843/https://www.smh.com.au/national/us2m-ransom-on-australians-life-20120104-1pla7.html |archive-date=28 September 2017 |access-date=2023-03-26 |website=The Sydney Morning Herald |language=en}}</ref>
|$100,000<ref>{{cite web |last=Bashan |first=Yoni |date=March 25, 2013 |title=Freed hostage Warren Rodwell says he is overwhelmed and grateful for support |url=http://www.news.com.au/national/former-philippines-terrorist-hostage-warren-rodwells-family-joy/news-story/705e916fb4162078248da08c314572c0}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=The bloodstained trail of the Abu Sayyaf |work=ABS-CBN News |url=http://news.abs-cbn.com/focus/10/18/14/bloodstained-trail-abu-sayyaf |access-date=January 25, 2018}}</ref>
|-
|[[#2014 German sailors kidnapping|2014 kidnapping of two Germans]]
|Both (2014)
|$5.6&nbsp;million<ref>{{Cite news |title=The bloodstained trail of the Abu Sayyaf |work=ABS-CBN News |url=http://news.abs-cbn.com/focus/10/18/14/bloodstained-trail-abu-sayyaf |access-date=September 28, 2017}}</ref> for Dr. Stefan Viktor Okonek and Henrike Dielen<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last1=Mogato |first1=Manuel |last2=Lema |first2=Karen |last3=Nienaber |first3=Michael |last4=Collett-White |first4=Mike |date=October 17, 2014 |title=Philippine militants free two German hostages |work=Reuters |editor-last=Lawson |editor-first=Hugh |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-philippines-militants/philippine-militants-free-two-german-hostages-idUSKCN0I607S20141017 |access-date=January 25, 2018}}</ref>
|$5,600,000
|-
|[[#2015 Samal Island kidnappings|2015 Samal Island kidnappings]]
|Kjartan Sekkingstad (2016)
|$16&nbsp;million for Canadians [[Robert Hall (Canadian businessman)|Robert Hall]] and [[John Ridsdel]] (both beheaded), and Kjartan Sekkingstad (Norway)
|$638,000<ref name=":1">{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/09/abu-sayyaf-frees-norwegian-hostage-kjartan-sekkingstad-160917112112583.html|title=Abu Sayyaf frees Norwegian hostage Kjartan Sekkingstad|publisher=Al Jazeera|access-date=September 28, 2017}}</ref>
|-
|[[#2015 Dipolog kidnapping|2015 kidnapping of an Italian]]
|Rolando del Torchio (2016)
|$650,000 (P29&nbsp;million)<ref name="Inquirer.net">{{cite news |last1=Mangosing |first1=Frances |last2=Alipala |first2=Julie S. |date=April 8, 2016 |title=Italian man kidnapped in Dipolog City freed |newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer |url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/778468/italian-man-kidnapped-in-dipolog-city-freed |access-date=February 4, 2018}}</ref>
|$650,000
|-
|[[#2016 Local and foreign sailors kidnappings|2016 kidnapping of Indonesian sailors]]
|All (2016)
|$1&nbsp;million for ten Indonesian crew on the tugboat Brahma 12 and barge Anand 12<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |last=Lakshmi |first=Aiswarya |date=April 20, 2016 |title=Ship Owner to Pay Ransom for Indonesian Hostages |work=MarineLink |url=http://www.marinelink.com/news/indonesian-hostages408407.aspx |access-date=September 28, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170929000658/https://www.marinelink.com/news/indonesian-hostages408407.aspx |archive-date=September 29, 2017}}</ref>
|$1,000,000
|-
|[[#2016 Local and foreign sailors kidnappings|2016 kidnapping of Malaysian sailors]]
|All (2016)
|$3&nbsp;million for Wong Teck Kang, Teck Chii, Lau Jung Hien and Wong Hung Sing<ref>{{Cite news |last=Tarrazona |first=Noel |date=September 25, 2016 |title=Abu Sayyaf strategy posing threat to Philippines' neighbors |work=[[Asia Times]] |url=https://asiatimes.com/abu-sayyafs-kidnapping-enterprise-poses-bigger-threat-to-philippines-neighbors/ |access-date=January 29, 2018}}</ref>
|$3,000,000
|}