Editing Abbadid dynasty (section)

===Muhammad al-Mu'tamid (ruled 1069–1095)===
{{main|Al-Mu'tamid ibn Abbad}}

[[File:Al Andalus Dirham 602105.jpg|thumb|right|Coin minted during the reign of al-Mutamid]]

The son of Abbad II, [[Muhammad al-Mu'tamid]] (1069–1095) — who reigned under the title ''al-Mu'tamid'' — was the third and last of the Abbadids.<ref name=EB/> No less remarkable than his father, and more amiable, he also wrote poetry and favoured poets. Al-Mu'tamid went, however, considerably further in patronage of literature than his father, for he chose as his [[favourite]] and [[prime minister]] the poet [[Ibn Ammar (poet)|Ibn Ammar]]. In the end the vanity and folly of Ibn Ammar drove his master to kill him.<ref name="EB1911"/>

Al-Mu'tamid was even more influenced by his favourite wife, [[al-Rumaikiyya]], than by his [[vizier]]. He had met her paddling in the [[Guadalquivir]], purchased her from her master, and made her his wife. The caprices of Romaica, and the lavish extravagance of Abbad III in his efforts to please her, form the subject of many stories;<ref name="EB1911"/> a brief tale of the queen appears in the book '''[[Libro de los ejemplos del conde Lucanor y de Patronio|Libro de los ejemplos del Conde Lucanor y de Patronio]]'' (Book of the examples of Count Lucanor and Patronio), as the tale XXX, ''De lo que aconteció al rey Abenabed de Sevilla con su mujer, Ramaiquía'' (Of What Happened to King Abenabed of Seville with his Wife, Ramaiquía). On the other hand, the stories about Ibn Ammar and Rumaiqiyya that appear in much later western works probably describe imaginary events.

In 1071, al-Mu'tamid took control of [[Taifa of Córdoba|Cordoba]]. This was a weak period of control as he had to re-assert control in 1078 and then lost it permanently in 1081.<ref name=EB/> During this period his vizier [[Ibn Ammar (poet)|Ibn Ammar]] captured [[Taifa of Murcia|Murcia]].<ref name=EB/> This period marked the beginning of the end for the Abbadid dynasty, as the following years saw them growing weaker and weaker due to a number of events: first came the start of hostilities with Alfonso VI, followed by the [[Christians]] succeeding in [[Kingdom of Aragon|Aragon]], [[Taifa of Valencia|Valencia]], and [[Kingdom of Toledo (Crown of Castile)|Toledo]]; finally, domestic Muslims created issues at home.<ref name=EB/> When [[Alfonso VI of León and Castile|Alfonso VI]], from [[Kingdom of Castile|Castile]], took [[Taifa of Toledo|Toledo]] in 1085, Al-Mu'tamid called in [[Yusuf ibn Tashfin]], the Berber [[Almoravid dynasty|Almoravid]] ruler. He had foreseen the probability that the Almoravids might overthrow him; nevertheless, he chose to ally with them. When his son, Rashid, advised him not to call on Yusuf ibn Tashfin, Al-Mu'tamid rebuffed him and famously said,

{{blockquote|text=I have no desire to be branded by my descendants as the man who delivered al-Andalus as prey to the infidels. I am loath to have my name cursed in every Muslim pulpit. And, for my part, I would rather be a camel-driver in Africa than a swineherd in Castile.<ref>{{harvnb|Mu'tamid|1915}}</ref>}}

With the assistance of the Almoravids, they were able to defeat Alfonso in 1086.<ref name=col>{{harvnb|Lagassé|2000|p=2}}</ref> During the six years which preceded his deposition in 1091, Abbasid behaved with valour on the field, but was politically inept and cruel. At the end what he had foreseen happened to him: in 1095 his kingdom was overthrown by [[Yusuf ibn Tashfin]] and Almoravid sympathizers within his city, following which he was deposed.<ref name=col/> He was exiled to [[Morocco]]<ref name=EB/>

Al-Mu'tamid was the father-in-law, through his son, Fath al-Mamun (d. 1091), of Zaida, mistress, and possibly wife, of Alfonso VI of Castile.<ref>{{harvnb|Reilly|1992|p=92}}</ref> She is said by [[Al-Andalus|Iberian Muslim]] sources to have been the daughter-in-law of [[Muhammad Ibn Abbad Al Mutamid|Al Mutamid]], the Muslim King of [[Seville]], wife of his son Abu al Fatah al Ma'Mun, [[Emir]] of [[Córdoba, Spain|Cordoba]],{{CN|date=June 2023}} (d. 1091). Later Iberian [[Christians|Christian]] chroniclers call her Al Mutamid's daughter, but the Islamic chroniclers are considered more reliable.<ref name="ReferenceA">Canal Sánchez-Pagín; Montaner Frutos; Palencia; Salazar y Acha{{incomplete short citation|date=February 2015}}</ref> With the fall of Seville to the [[Almoravid dynasty|Almoravids]], she fled to the protection of [[Alfonso VI of Castile]], becoming his mistress, converting to Christianity and taking the baptismal name of Isabel.<ref name="ReferenceA" />