Editing 1965 (section)

===July&ndash;August===
{{main|July 1965}}
{{main|August 1965}}
* July &ndash; The [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] secretariat is created.
* [[July 14]] &ndash; U.S. spacecraft ''[[Mariner 4]]'' flies by [[Mars]], becoming the first spacecraft to return images from the Red Planet.
* [[July 15]] &ndash; Greek Prime minister [[Georgios Papandreou]] and his government are dismissed by King [[Constantine II of Greece|Constantine II]].
* [[July 16]] &ndash; The [[Mont Blanc Tunnel]], a highway tunnel between France and Italy, is inaugurated by presidents [[Giuseppe Saragat]] and [[Charles de Gaulle]].
* [[July 24]] &ndash; [[Vietnam War]]: Four [[F-4 Phantom II|F-4C Phantoms]] escorting a [[Strategic bombing|bombing raid]] at Kang Chi are targeted by [[antiaircraft missile]]s, in the first such attack against American planes in the war. One is shot down and the other 3 sustain damage.
* [[July 26]] &ndash; The [[Maldives]] obtains full independence from Great Britain.<ref>{{cite news |date=26 July 2015 |title=Timeline – Story of Independence |url=https://maldivesindependent.com/politics/timeline-story-of-independence-115638 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624070805/https://maldivesindependent.com/politics/timeline-story-of-independence-115638 |archive-date=24 June 2016 |access-date=26 July 2015 |work=Maldives Independent}}</ref>
* [[July 27]] &ndash; [[Edward Heath]] becomes Leader of the British [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]].
* [[July 28]] &ndash; Vietnam War: U.S. President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] announces his order to increase the number of United States troops in [[South Vietnam]] from 75,000 to 125,000, and to more than double the number of men drafted per month - from 17,000 to 35,000.
* [[July 30]] &ndash; [[War on Poverty]]: U.S. President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] signs the [[Social Security Act of 1965]] into law, establishing [[Medicare (United States)|Medicare]] and [[Medicaid]].
* [[August 7]] &ndash; [[Tunku Abdul Rahman]], [[Prime Minister of Malaysia]], recommends the expulsion of [[Singapore]] from the [[Malaysia|Federation of Malaysia]] following a deterioration of [[PAP–UMNO relations]], negotiating its separation with [[Lee Kuan Yew]], Prime Minister of Singapore.
* [[August 9]]
** [[Proclamation of Singapore]]: [[Singapore]] is expelled from the Federation of [[Malaysia]], which recognises it as a [[Sovereignty|sovereign nation]]. [[Lee Kuan Yew]] announces Singapore's independence and assumes the position of Prime Minister of the new island nation – a position he holds until [[1990]].
** An explosion at an [[Arkansas]] missile plant kills 53.
** [[Indonesia]]n president [[Sukarno]] collapses in public.
* [[August 11]] – [[Watts riots|Racial rioting]] in the [[Los Angeles]], [[California]] neighborhood of [[Watts, Los Angeles|Watts]] breaks out after an African American motorist, Marquette Frye,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mars |first=Shaun Michael |date=January 21, 2007 |title=Marquette Frye, 1944-1986 |url=https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/frye-marquette-1944-1986/ |access-date=October 2, 2024 |website=BlackPast}}</ref> is stopped on suspicion of drunken driving. Six days of unrest are quelled by over 14,000 members of the [[California National Guard]]. There are 34 deaths and over $40 million in property damage. It is the largest and costliest urban rebellion of the [[Civil rights movement|Civil Rights movement]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Watts Riots |url=https://crdl.usg.edu/events/watts_riots |access-date=October 2, 2024 |website=Digital Library of Georgia |publisher=University of Georgia, University Libraries}}</ref>
* [[August 18]] &ndash; [[Vietnam War]]: [[Operation Starlite]] &ndash; 5,500 [[United States Marines]] destroy a [[Viet Cong]] stronghold on the Van Tuong peninsula in [[Quảng Ngãi Province]], in the first major American ground battle of the war. The Marines were tipped off by a Viet Cong deserter who said that there was an attack planned against the U.S. base at [[Chu Lai]].
* [[August 19]] &ndash; At the conclusion of the [[Frankfurt Auschwitz trials]], 66 ex-[[SS]] personnel receive [[life sentence]]s, 15 others shorter ones.
* [[August 21]] &ndash; [[NASA]] launches [[Gemini 5]] ([[Gordon Cooper]], [[Pete Conrad]]) on the first 1-week space flight, as well as the first test of [[fuel cell]]s for electrical power on such a mission.
* [[August 30]] &ndash; An [[avalanche]] buries a [[dam]] construction site at [[Saas-Fee]], Switzerland, killing 90 workers.
* [[August 31]] &ndash; U.S. President Johnson signs a law penalizing the burning of draft cards with up to 5 years in prison and a $1,000 fine.