Editing 1905 (section)

=== April ===
{{Main|April 1905}}
* [[April 1]] &ndash; The British Imperial [[Penny Post]] is extended to include Australia.<ref>{{cite book|first=Richard|last=Blake|title=The Book of Postal Dates, 1635–1985|location=Caterham|publisher=Marden|page=20}}</ref><ref name=Apr05>''The American Monthly Review of Reviews'' (May 1905) pp. 537-539</ref>
* [[April 2]] &ndash; The [[Simplon Tunnel]] through the [[Alps]] is opened to railway traffic.<ref name=Apr05/> 
* [[April 3]] &ndash; A coal mine explosion at [[Zeigler, Illinois]], kills 50 miners.<ref name=Apr05/> 
* [[April 4]] &ndash; In India, the [[1905 Kangra earthquake]] hits the [[Kangra Valley]], kills 20,000 and destroys most buildings in [[Kangra, Himachal Pradesh|Kangra]], [[McLeod Ganj]] and [[Dharamshala]].
* [[April 5]] &ndash; The body of [[John Paul Jones]], "Father of the American Navy", is located in [[Paris]] almost 113 years after his death. 
* [[April 6]] &ndash; [[1905 Chicago teamsters' strike|A violent strike by the Teamsters' Union]] begins in [[Chicago]].<ref>Robert Fitch, ''Solidarity for Sale: How Corruption Destroyed the Labor Movement and Undermined America's Promise'' (Perseus Books, 2006)</ref>
* [[April 8]] &ndash; Hundreds of people are killed in [[Spain]] in the collapse of a dam holding back a reservoir near Madrid.<ref name=Apr05/>
* [[April 17]] &ndash; [[Russia]]'s [[Nicholas II of Russia|Tsar Nicholas II]] issues [[Religion in Russia#History|a decree granting religious freedom]] to his subjects.<ref>[https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1388&context=ree "Religious Freedom Since 1905— Any Progress in Russia?"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220928193225/https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1388&context=ree |date=September 28, 2022 }} by Irina Budkina, in ''Journal of Religion in Eastern Europe'' (May 2006) p. 24</ref>
* [[April 20]] &ndash; The largest ocean liner in the world at this time, the German [[USS America (ID-3006)|SS ''Amerika'']] is launched.<ref>James E. Wise, Jr. and Scott Baron, "Appendix A. Early Ships Named USS ''America''", in ''At the Helm of USS America: The Aircraft Carrier and Its 23 Commanders, 1965-1996'' p. 229</ref> 
* [[April 23]] &ndash; German General [[Lothar von Trotha]] commander of troops in Germany's colony of [[South-West Africa|Südwestafrika]] (modern-day [[Namibia]]), orders the extermination of the [[Nama people]] within the colony's borders, ultimately killing 10,000.<ref>"Hendrik Witbooi and Samuel Maharero", by Werner Hillebrecht, in ''Re-Viewing Resistance in Namibian History'', ed. by Jeremy Silvester (University of Namibia Press, 2015) p. 51</ref> Von Trotha's proclamation ''Aan de oorlogvorende Namastamme'', proclaims that "The Nama who chooses not to surrender and lets himself be seen in German territory will be shot, until all are exterminated."<ref>[http://www.ppu.org.uk/genocide/g_namibia1.html "Talking About Genocide: Namibia 1904"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080726173121/http://www.ppu.org.uk/genocide/g_namibia1.html |date=July 26, 2008 }}, Peace Pledge Union</ref> 
* [[April 24]] &ndash; [[China]]'s Empress Regent [[Cixi]] (Tzu Hsi) abolishes further use in executions of the nation's three most cruel torture execution methods, [[lingchi]] ("death by a thousand cuts"), [[gibbeting]] (similar to [[crucifixion]], hanging until dying of exposure, thirst or starvation), and desecration of a dying person.<ref>"Traditionalising Chinese Law", by Li Chen, in ''Chinese Legal Reform and the Global Legal Order: Adoption and Adaptation'', ed. by Yun Zhao and Michael Ng (Cambridge University Press, 2018) p. 198</ref>
* [[April 28]] &ndash; A tornado strikes [[Laredo, Texas]] and kills 100.<ref name=May05>''The American Monthly Review of Reviews'' (June 1905) pp. 665–668</ref>
* [[April 30]] &ndash; [[Albert Einstein]] completes his doctoral [[dissertation]], ''A New Determination of Molecular Dimensions'' (submitted July 30 to the [[University of Zurich]]).