Editing 1854 (section)

=== October–December ===
* [[October 1]] &ndash; The watch company founded in [[1850]] in [[Roxbury, Massachusetts]], by [[Aaron Lufkin Dennison]], relocates to [[Waltham, Massachusetts|Waltham]], to become the [[Waltham Watch Company]], pioneer in the [[American system of watch manufacturing]].
* [[October 6]] &ndash; The [[great fire of Newcastle and Gateshead]] in England is ignited by a spectacular explosion.
* [[October 9]]&ndash;[[October 11|11]] &ndash; United States diplomats in Europe meet and draft the [[Ostend Manifesto]], setting out a rationale for the U.S. to acquire [[Cuba]] from Spain.
* [[October 17]] &ndash; ''[[The Age]]'' newspaper is founded in [[Melbourne]], Australia.
* [[October 25]] &ndash; [[Crimean War]]: [[Battle of Balaclava]] &ndash; The allies gain an overall victory, except for the disastrous cavalry [[Charge of the Light Brigade]], from which only 200 of 700 men survive.[[File:Relief of the Light Brigade.png|thumb|October 25: [[Battle of Balaclava]]]]
* [[November 5]] &ndash; [[Crimean War]]: [[Battle of Inkerman]] &ndash; The Russians are defeated.
* [[November 14]] &ndash; [[Great Storm of 1854]] in the [[Black Sea]]: 19 British transport and other ships (plus 2 French) supporting the [[Crimean War]] are wrecked with the loss of at least 287 men.
* [[November 17]] &ndash; In [[Egypt]], the [[Suez Canal]] Company is formed.
* [[November]]
** [[Florence Nightingale]] and her team of 38 trained volunteer [[nurse]]s, having set out on [[October 21]] from England, arrive at [[Selimiye Barracks]] in [[Üsküdar|Scutari]] in the [[Ottoman Empire]], to care for [[British Army]] troops wounded in the [[Crimean War]].<ref>{{cite ODNB|last1=Baly|first1=Monica E.|author-link1=Monica Baly|first2=H. C. G.|last2=Matthew|author-link2=Colin Matthew|title=Nightingale, Florence (1820–1910)|year=2004|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/35241|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/35241?docPos=2|access-date=2011-06-20}}  </ref>
** The [[Mute Rebellion]] breaks out in Sweden. 
* [[December 3]] &ndash; The [[Eureka Stockade]] Miners' Rebellion breaks out in [[Ballarat]], [[Victoria (Australia)]].
* [[December 8]] &ndash; [[Pope Pius IX]] in the [[apostolic constitution]] ''[[Ineffabilis Deus]]'' defines ''ex Cathedra'' the [[dogma]] of [[Immaculate Conception]], which holds that the [[Blessed Virgin Mary]] was conceived without [[original sin]].
* [[December 10]] &ndash; [[Sa'id Pasha]] officially abolishes slavery in Egypt.