Editing 1852 (section)

===October&ndash;December===
* [[October 7]] &ndash; After learning that U.S. President Fillmore has sent Commodore [[Matthew C. Perry]] to open trade with Japan, [[Nicholas I of Russia]] sends Rear Admiral [[Yevfimy Putyatin]] to lead the ''Pallada'' on a similar mission (Putyatin arrives on [[August 21]], [[1853]], one month after Perry).<ref>{{cite book|first=Hiroshi|last=Kimura|title=The Kurillian Knot: A History of Japanese-Russian Border Negotiations|location=California|publisher=Stanford University Press|year=2008|page=23}}</ref>
* [[October 16]] &ndash; After nearly five years' imprisonment in France, former Algerian Emir [[Abdelkader El Djezairi]] is released by orders of then-president [[Napoleon III|Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Chateaux of the Loire|publisher=Casa Editrice Bonechi|year=2007|page=10}}</ref>
* [[October 23]] &ndash; The conjecture of the [[four color theorem]] is first proposed, as student [[Francis Guthrie]] of [[University College London]] presents the question of proving, mathematically, that no more than four colors are needed to give separate colors to bordering shapes on a map (the theorem is not proven for almost 123 years, until [[1976]]).<ref>{{cite book|first=Donald|last=MacKenzie|title=Mechanizing Proof: Computing, Risk, and Trust|location=Cambridge, Massachusetts|publisher=MIT Press|year=2004|page=103}}</ref>
* [[October 31]] &ndash; General Joaquin Solares of [[Guatemala]] leads an invasion of neighboring [[Honduras]], beginning a war that lasts until [[February 13]], [[1856]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Robert L.|last=Scheina|title=Latin America's Wars|volume=I|publisher=Potomac Books, Inc.|year=2003|page=1849}}</ref>
* [[November]] &ndash; [[Leo Tolstoy]]'s [[debut novel]] ''[[Childhood (Tolstoy novel)|Childhood]]'' is published under the initials L. N., in this month's issue of the Saint Petersburg literary journal ''[[Sovremennik]]'' (and later in book form).
* [[November 2]] &ndash; [[1852 United States presidential election]]: [[United States Democratic Party|Democrat]] [[Franklin Pierce]] of [[New Hampshire]] defeats [[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]] [[Winfield Scott]] of [[Virginia]].
* [[November 4]] &ndash; [[Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour]] becomes the [[Piedmont]]ese prime minister.
* [[November 11]] &ndash; The new [[Palace of Westminster]] opens in London as the home of the [[Parliament of the United Kingdom]].
* [[November 21]]&ndash;[[November 22|22]] &ndash; The [[Second French Empire|New French Empire]] is confirmed by [[1852 French Second Empire referendum|plebiscite]]: 7,824,000 ''for'', 253,000 ''against''.
* [[November 23]] &ndash; The first roadside [[pillar box]]es in the British Isles are brought into public use in [[Saint Helier]], on [[Jersey]] in the [[Channel Islands]], at the suggestion of English novelist [[Anthony Trollope]], at this time an official of the British [[General Post Office]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Jean Young|last=Farrugia|title=The Letter Box: A History of Post Office Pillar and Wall boxes|location=Fontwell|publisher=Centaur Press|year=1969|isbn=0-90000014-7|page=27}}</ref>
* [[November 26]] &ndash; A [[1852 Banda Sea earthquake|magnitude 7.5 to 8.8 earthquake]] strikes near the Banda Islands, Dutch East Indies, triggering a deadly tsunami.<ref name="Ringer">{{cite journal |author1=H. Ringer |author2=J. P. Whitehead |author3=J. Krometis |author4=R. A. Harris |author5=N. Glatt-Holtz |author6=S. Giddens |author7=C. Ashcraft |author8=G. Carver |author9=A. Robertson |author10=M. Harward |author11=J. Fullwood |author12=K. Lightheart |author13=R. Hilton |author14=A. Avery |author15=C. Kesler |author16=M. Morrise |author17=M. H. Klein |title=Methodological Reconstruction of Historical Seismic Events From Anecdotal Accounts of Destructive Tsunamis: A Case Study for the Great 1852 Banda Arc Mega-Thrust Earthquake and Tsunami |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth |date=2021 |volume=126 |issue=4 |doi=10.1029/2020JB021107 |url=http://www.geology.byu.edu/Home/sites/default/files/2021_jgr_banda_1852_reconstruciton.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.geology.byu.edu/Home/sites/default/files/2021_jgr_banda_1852_reconstruciton.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live |access-date=19 June 2021|arxiv=2009.14272 |bibcode=2021JGRB..12621107R |s2cid=222066748 }}</ref>
* [[December]] &ndash; The [[Western Railroad (North Carolina)|Western Railroad]] is chartered to build a railroad from [[Fayetteville, North Carolina|Fayetteville]], [[North Carolina]], to the coal fields of [[Cumnock, North Carolina|Egypt]], North Carolina.<ref>[http://www.historync.org/railroad-WRR.htm CommunicationSolutions/ISI, "Railroad — Western Railroad Company"], ''North Carolina Business History'', 2006, accessed 1 Feb 2010.</ref>
* [[December 2]] &ndash; [[Napoleon III]] becomes [[List of French monarchs|Emperor of the French]].
* [[December 4]] &ndash; The French [[Siege of Laghouat|capture Laghouat]].
* [[December 23]] &ndash; [[Taiping Rebellion]]: The Taiping army takes [[Hanyang District|Hanyang]] and begins the siege of [[Wuchang, Hubei|Wuchang]].
* [[December 29]] &ndash; [[Taiping Rebellion]]: The Taiping army takes [[Hankou]].