Editing 1850s (section)

== Science and technology==
[[File:Professor Faraday lecturing at the Royal Institution, 27th December, 1855 RIIC 0006 20110213 BAL EP.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Michael Faraday]] delivering a [[Royal Institution Christmas Lectures|Christmas Lecture at the Royal Institution]] in London, {{Circa|1855}}]]
* 1851 – the [[Great Exhibition]] is held at the [[The Crystal Palace|Crystal Palace]], London, considered to be the first [[world's fair]].
* 1851 – the first public exhibition of a [[Foucault pendulum]], at the Meridian of the [[Paris Observatory]], demonstrating the [[Earth's rotation]].
* 1851 – German [[physiologist]] [[Hermann von Helmholtz]] invents the  [[Keratometer]], a diagnostic instrument for measuring the curvature of the anterior surface of the [[cornea]] and assessing the extent and axis of [[Astigmatism (eye)|astigmatism]]
* 1856 – discovery of [[Neanderthal]] fossils in [[Neanderthal, Germany]].
* 1856 – [[Eunice Newton Foote]] is the first scientist to make the connection between the amount of [[carbon dioxide]] in our atmosphere and [[climate change]]
* 1858 – [[Donati's Comet]], the first comet to be photographed, is discovered by [[Giovanni Battista Donati]]
* 1858 – first publication of ''[[Gray's Anatomy]]''.
* 24 November 1859 – [[Charles Darwin]] publishes ''[[The Origin of Species]]'', putting forward the theory of [[evolution]] by natural selection 
* 1859 –  [[Florence Nightingale]] publishes ''[[Notes on Nursing|Notes on Nursing: What it is and What it is Not]]''
* 1859 – [[Marian Albertovich Kowalski]] publishes the first usable method to deduce the [[rotation]] of the [[Milky Way]]
* 1859 – [[Pollen]] is identified as the cause of [[allergic rhinitis]] by [[Charles Harrison Blackley]].
* 1859 – French mathematician [[Nicolas Auguste Tissot]] first proposes [[Tissot's indicatrix]] in [[cartography]].
* 1859 – [[Étienne Lenoir]] produces the first single-cylinder [[Two-stroke engine|two-stroke]] [[Lenoir cycle]] [[gas engine]] with an electric [[ignition system]].
* [[Epidemiology]] begins when [[John Snow (physician)|John Snow]] traces the source of an outbreak of [[cholera]] in London to a contaminated water pump.
* [[Solar flare]]s discovered by [[Richard Christopher Carrington]].