Editing 1820 (section)

=== October–December ===
*[[October 9]] – [[Guayaquil]] [[history of Ecuador|declares independence]] from Spain.
*[[October 25]]–[[November 20]] – The [[Congress of Troppau]] is convened between the rulers of Russia, Austria and [[Prussia]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Paul W. Schroeder|title=Metternich's Diplomacy at its Zenith, 1820-1823: Austria and the Congresses of Troppau, Laibach, and Verona|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GSbFDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA98|date=1 January 1962|publisher=University of Texas Press|isbn=978-0-292-75034-0|pages=98}}</ref>
*[[November 17]] – American [[seal hunter]] Captain [[Nathaniel Palmer]] becomes the third known explorer to sight Antarctica. The Palmer Peninsula is later named after him.<ref>{{cite book|title=Oversight Visit to the Southern Pacific Rim: Report to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, Second Session|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0R151CAlW20C&pg=PA11|year=1991|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|pages=11}}</ref>
*[[November 20]] – After the sinking of the American [[Essex (1799 whaleship)|whaleship ''Essex'']] of [[Nantucket]], by a [[sperm whale]] in the southern Pacific Ocean, the survivors are left afloat in three small whaleboats. They eventually resort, by common consent, to [[Human cannibalism|cannibalism]] to allow some to survive.
*[[December 3]] – [[James Monroe]] is re-elected, virtually unopposed, in the [[1820 United States presidential election]]. One elector, [[William Plumer]] of [[New Hampshire]], casts his vote for [[John Quincy Adams]] in order to protest the administration of Monroe and [[Daniel Tompkins]] while also establishing Adams as a contender for the election in 1824.<ref>Lynn W. Turner, “The Electoral Vote against Monroe in 1820-An American Legend,” ''The Mississippi Valley Historical Review'' 42, no. 2 (September 1955): 253-254, https://www.jstor.org/stable/1897643?seq=1.</ref>