Editing 1656 (section)

=== October–December ===
* [[October 26]] &ndash; King [[Si Suthammaracha]] of Ayutthaya (now Thailand) is overthrown in a coup d'etat by his nephew and former ally, Prince Narai, 11 weeks after having staged a coup to seize the throne.  Narai is crowned as [[Narai|King Ramathibodi III]]. 
* [[November 3]] &ndash; The [[Truce of Vilna]] is signed between Russia and the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]].  In addition to agreeing to a temporary ceasefire in their [[Russo-Polish War (1654–1667)|ongoing war]], Tsar [[Alexis of Russia]] agrees to help defend the commonwealth against [[Deluge (history)|Sweden's invasion]] in return for Tsar Alexis being named heir to the thrones of Poland and Lithuania by King [[John II Casimir Vasa]]. 
* [[November 4]] &ndash; [[Ali Adil Shah II]] becomes the new [[Adil Shahi dynasty|Sultan of Bijapur]] (located in what is now India's [[Karnataka]] state) upon the death of his father, [[Mohammed Adil Shah, Sultan of Bijapur|Mohammed Adil Shah]].
* [[November 6]] &ndash; At the age of 13, [[Afonso VI of Portugal|Prince Afonso, Duke of Braganza]] becomes the new [[King of Portugal]] upon the death of his father, [[John IV of Portugal|King João IV]].  Because of his age and a mental disability King Afonso VI's authority is exercised instead by his mother, [[Luisa de Guzmán|Queen Luisa]], as [[Regent of Portugal|Regent]].
* [[November 20]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Labiau]] is signed, between [[Charles X Gustav of Sweden]] and [[Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg]].
* [[December 1]] &ndash; [[Treaty of Vienna (1656)|A treaty of alliance]] is signed between the [[Holy Roman Empire]] and the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]].
* [[December 6]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Radnot]] is signed between Sweden, the Electorate of Brandenburg, Transylvania (now Romania), and two rebels groups within Poland on how to divide the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] in the event of a victory in the [[Second Northern War]].
* [[December 16]] &ndash; English Quaker [[James Nayler]] is convicted of [[blasphemy]] but spared the death penalty.
* [[December 17]] &ndash; [[Frederick III of Denmark|King Frederick III of Denmark and Norway]] decrees that loan repayments and payments of interest to lenders will be made on two specific days, May 29 and June 11, each one nicknamed the ''Fandens fødselsdag'' or "[[Devil's Birthday]]",
* [[December 25]] &ndash; The [[pendulum clock]] is invented by [[Christiaan Huygens]], so accurate that it only loses 10 seconds per day.  Huygens will mention the date in a letter to Ismail Boulliau a year later. <ref>"Clocks and Watches: THe Leap to Precision", by William J.H. Andrewes, in ''Encyclopedia of Time'', ed. by Samuel L. Macey (Routledge, 2013) p. 124 </ref>