Editing 1653 (section)

=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 11]] (October 1 O.S.) &ndash; The [[Zemsky Sobor]], the Russian Empire's national assembly, opens its session to declare [[Russo-Polish War (1654–1667)|a war against the Kingdom of Poland]].
* [[October 20]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Bordeaux (1653)|Battle of Bordeaux]] is fought between French and Spanish warships in the [[Gironde estuary]] of [[France]] as part of the [[Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659)|Franco-Spanish War]]. The Spanish fleet of 30 warships, under the command of [[Marquess of Santa Cruz (1569)#Marquesses of Santa Cruz (1569)|Álvaro de Bazán y Manrique de Lara]], Marquis of Santa Cruz, overwhelms the French fleet of [[César, Duke of Vendôme]] and captures ten galleys and brigantines, as well as burning four other warships and 15 barges. 
* [[October 25]] &ndash; [[Erdeni Bumba]], the wife and chief consort of China's [[Shunzhi Emperor]], is demoted from being the empress to being a [[concubinage|concubine]].
* [[October 29]] &ndash; [[Pierre-Esprit Radisson]], a French Canadian teenager who had been captured by a [[Mohawk people|Mohawk]] raiding party two years earlier and then tortured, escapes captivity in what is now the U.S. state of New York.
* [[November 8]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Arronches]] takes place near the town of [[Arronches]] on the Portuguese side of the border between [[Portugal]] and [[Spain]], with the Portuguese Army outflanking and defeating a larger Spanish force.
* [[November 16]] &ndash; The ''[[Krishnanattam]]'', a series of eight dance dramas written by [[Manaveda|Mana Veda]], [[Zamorin]] of [[Kozhikode|Calicut]] in India to tell the epic of the [[Hinduism|Hindu]] god [[Krishna]], is completed.
* [[November 30]] &ndash; [[Jacques Dyel du Parquet]] completes his installment payments, totaling 41,500 [[French livre]]s, to become the exclusive owner of the Caribbean islands of [[Martinique]], [[Grenada]], [[Saint Lucia]] and the [[Grenadines]].
* [[November]] &ndash; [[John Casor]], a servant of African descent in Northampton County of the colony of Virginia, leaves [[Anthony Johnson (colonist)|Anthony Johnson]]'s farm, after claiming his contract of indenture had expired, and goes to work for a new employer, Robert Parker.  Johnson sues Parker, claiming that Casor is a slave for life, rather than an indentured servant, and the court issues a landmark ruling on March 8, 1655, establishing African-Americans as property.
* [[December 7]] &ndash; The [[Moti Masjid (Agra Fort)|Moti Masjid]], an Islamic mosque made completely of white marble and within the walls of the [[Agra Fort]] in what is now the city of [[Agra]] in the Indian state of [[Uttar Pradesh]], is dedicated by the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] Emperor, [[Shah Jahan]], on 16 Muharram 1064.<ref>"The Symbolic Role of Calligraphy on Three Imperial Mosques of Shah Jahan", by Wayne E. Begley, in ''Kalādarśana: American Studies in the Art of India'' (E. J. Brill, 1981) p. 8</ref>
* [[December 12]] &ndash; The dissolution of [[Barebone's Parliament]] is voted by its members after having passed laws for the [[Commonwealth of England]].
* [[December 16]] &ndash; The [[Instrument of Government]] in England becomes Britain's first written constitution, under which [[Oliver Cromwell]] becomes [[Lord Protector#Cromwellian Commonwealth|Lord Protector]] of England, [[Scotland]], and [[Ireland]],<ref name="Pocket On This Day">{{cite book|title=Penguin Pocket On This Day|publisher=Penguin Reference Library|isbn=0-14-102715-0|year=2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Commonwealth Instrument of Government, 1653|url=http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1653intrumentgovt.asp|work=Modern History Sourcebook|publisher=Fordham University|location=New York |access-date=2012-07-10 |date=August 1998}}</ref> being advised by a remodelled [[English Council of State]]. This is the start of [[The Protectorate#First Protectorate|The First Protectorate]], bringing an end to the first period of republican government in the country, the [[Commonwealth of England]].