Editing 1590 (section)

=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 6]] &ndash; Two days before the scheduled papal conclave begins,  [[Enrique de Guzmán, 2nd Count of Olivares]], Spain's ambassador to the [[Papal States]], presents the cardinals with King the recommendations of King [[Philip II of Spain]], a set of candidates whom the Spanish cardinals will support, and 30 whom they are instructed not to vote for.<ref name=VaticanHistory>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110927171033/http://www.vaticanhistory.de/vh/html/gregor_xiv_.html "Konklave vom 05.10. - 05.12.1590 zur Wahl von Papst Gregor XIV"] Vatican History.org</ref>
* [[October 8]] &ndash; The second [[October–December 1590 papal conclave|papal conclave]] in less four weeks two months opens at the Apostolic Palace in Rome, 23 days after the [[September 1590 papal conclave|previous conclave]] had been concluded, and 53 cardinals arrive. <ref name=VaticanHistory/>
* [[October 13]] 
**(5th waxing of Tazaungmon 952 ME) &ndash; In what is now [[Myanmar]], King [[Nanda Bayin]] of [[Toungoo dynasty|Burma]] sends a 10,000-man army, led by the Viceroy [[Thado Dhamma Yaza III of Prome]], and General [[Natshinnaung]] to suppress a rebellion in the Shan state of Mogaung.<ref name=Yazawin>[[U Kala]], ''[[Maha Yazawin]]'', Vol. 3 (1724), reprinted 2006 by Ya-Pyei Publishing) 90) p.90</ref>
**German astronomer [[Michael Maestlin]] becomes the first person to record an observation of the occultation of the planet [[Mars]] by the planet [[Venus]].<ref>"Mutual Occultation of Planets", by Stephen Breyer, ''Sky and Telescope'' (1979) p.220</ref>
*[[October 16]] &ndash; [[Saadian invasion of the Songhai Empire]]: An army of 20,000 troops, led by [[Judar Pasha]] is dispatched from [[Marrakesh]] in the [[Saadi Sultanate]] (now [[Morocco]]), on orders of Sultan [[Ahmad al-Mansur]]. The Saadi Army's objective is to conquer the [[Songhai Empire]], led by the Emperor [[Askia Ishaq II]], in North Africa, corresponding to what is now the [[Republic of Mali]].<ref>"Archers, Musketeers, and Mosquitoes: The Moroccan Invasion of the Sudan and the Songhay Resistance (1591–1612)", by Lansiné Kaba, in ''The Journal of African History'', pp. 457–475</ref>
*[[October 24]] &ndash; After an unsuccessful search of the "lost colony" of Roanoke, English officer John White  and the surviving crew of the ships ''Hopewell'' and ''Moonlight'' return to England on [[October 24]].<ref name=Stick/>
* [[November 22]] (12th waning of Tazaungmon 952 ME) &ndash; Burmese King [[Nanda Bayin]] sends a his son, the Crown Prince [[Mingyi Swa]] and 20,000 troops to what is now [[Thailand]].<ref name=Yazawin/>
* [[November 29]] &ndash; A truce is signed between representatives of the [[Holy Roman Empire]] (ruled by [[Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor|Emperor Rudolf II]]) and the [[Ottoman Empire]] (ruled by [[Murad III|Sultan Murad III]].<ref>Ive Mažuran, ''Povijest Hrvatske od 15. stoljeća do 18. stoljeća'' [History of Croatia from the 15th to the 18th century] (Golden Marketing, 1998) pp.139-141</ref>
* [[December 5]] &ndash; Niccolò Sfondrato, Cardinal-priest of [[Santa Cecilia in Trastevere]], is elected as the new pope and takes the name [[Pope Gregory XIV]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Nicola Mary Sutherland|title=Henry IV of France and the Politics of Religion: The path to Rome|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oZo5dqMtOKkC&pg=PA373|year=2002|publisher=Intellect Books|isbn=978-1-84150-702-6|pages=373|language=en}}</ref> Sfondrato is selected as a compromise candidate after [[Gabriele Paleotti]] falls 3 votes short of being elected. <ref name=VaticanHistory/>
* [[December 7]] &ndash; [[North Berwick witch trials]]: [[Agnes Sampson]] is questioned by King [[James VI of Scotland]], and confesses to practising [[witchcraft]]. She will be executed on January 28. <ref>{{cite book|author1=Lawrence Normand|author2=Gareth Roberts|title=Witchcraft in Early Modern Scotland: James VI's Demonology and the North Berwick Witches|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pgx-AAAAMAAJ|year=2000|publisher=University of Exeter Press|isbn=978-0-85989-680-1|page=141}}</ref>