Editing 1563 (section)

=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 7]] &ndash; [[Giovanni Battista Lercari (1507–1592)|Giovanni Battista Lercari]] is elected as the new [[Doge of Genoa|Doge]] of the [[Republic of Genoa]].
* [[November 9]] &ndash; The Army of Sweden, under the command of King [[Eric XIV|King Erik XIV]], suffers a severe defeat in the [[Battle of Mared]] against the Army of Denmark, commanded by [[Frederick II of Denmark|King Frederik II]].<ref>[http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/battles_mared.html Battle of Mared, 9 November 1563], by J. Rickard, HistoryofWar.org, July 24, 2007</ref> In the battle, near what is now the city of [[Oskarström]] in Sweden, the Swedes suffer at least 2,500 casualties. The Swedish Army is able to retreat and rebuild, but the Danes plunder the village of [[Övraby]], which is never rebuilt.
* [[November 11]] &ndash; The Council of Trent [[Banns of marriage|amends existing Roman Catholic canon law to deter unannounced marriages]]. In order for a marriage to be recognized by the Church, the names of the bridge and groom are to be announced publicly in a chapel during Mass, and registered with the parish priests of both parties.
* [[December 4]] &ndash; The [[Council of Trent]] (which had opened on [[December 13]], [[1545]]) officially closes.<ref>{{cite book|author=Jean Delumeau|title=Catholicism Between Luther and Voltaire: A New View of the Counter-Reformation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sEUJAQAAIAAJ|year=1977|publisher=Burns & Oates|isbn=978-0-664-21341-1|page=24}}</ref> It reaffirms all major [[Roman Catholic]] doctrines, and declares the [[Deuterocanonical books]] of the [[Old Testament]] to be [[Biblical canon|canon]]ical, along with the rest of the [[Bible]]. Chapter 1, Session 24, promulgates the decree ''[[Tametsi]]'', stipulating that for a marriage to be valid, consent (the essence of marriage) as expressed in the vows has to be given publicly before witnesses, one of whom has to be the parish priest.</onlyinclude>