Editing 13th century BC (section)

===Europe===
* c. 1300–1200 BC: [[Aegean civilization|Bronze IIIB]] in [[Greece]].<ref>{{Cite book |first=Claude |last=Baurain |title=Les Grecs et la Méditerranée orientale : des siècles "obscurs" à la fin de l'époque archaïque |publisher=[[Presses universitaires de France]] |year=1997 |page=60}}</ref> The [[Lion Gate]] and the [[Treasury of Atreus]] are built in [[Mycenae]]. It is a time of peace and prosperity in the [[Aegean Sea|Aegean]]. Mycenaean imports to the Levant peak. A [[Uluburun shipwreck|wreck]] found on the southern coast of [[Anatolia]] contained ingots of copper, tin, ivory, Syrian, Cypriot and Mycenaean vases, and pieces of elephant and hippo ivory. The [[Acropolis of Athens]] is developed: towards the end of the century, a [[Cyclopean masonry|Cyclopean wall]] four to six meters thick, known as the “pelasgic wall” (''Pelargikon''), is constructed, as well as a well to supply the citadel with water.<ref>{{Cite book |first=Roland |last=Étienne |title=Athènes, espaces urbains et histoire |publisher=[[Hachette (publisher)|Hachette]] |year=2004 |isbn=978-2-01-181444-9 |page=23}}</ref> [[Linear B]] tablets are created in [[Pylos]].<ref>{{Cite book |title=L'Europe au temps d'Ulysse. |publisher=RMN - Grand Palais |year=1999 |isbn=978-2-7118-6293-1 |page=234}}</ref>
*c. 1300–1200 BC: approximately 4,000 men fight a [[Tollense valley battlefield|battle at a causeway over the Tollense valley]] in Northern Germany, the largest known prehistoric battle north of the Alps.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Curry|first1=Andrew|title=Slaughter at the bridge: Uncovering a colossal Bronze Age battle|url=https://www.science.org/content/article/slaughter-bridge-uncovering-colossal-bronze-age-battle|website=Science|access-date=11 March 2017|date=24 March 2016}}</ref>
* c. 1300–500 BC: the [[Lusatian culture]] in [[Poland]], parts of the [[Czech Republic]] and [[Slovakia]], eastern [[Germany]] and northern [[Ukraine]].<ref>{{Cite book |first=T. Douglas |last=Price |title=Ancient Scandinavia |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2015 |isbn=978-0-19-023198-9 |page=212}}</ref>
* c. 1250–850 BC: the [[Urnfield culture]], characterized by vast cemeteries housing urns with the ashes of the deceased and offerings, marks the Late Bronze Age in Western Europe.<ref name="Gimbutas">{{Cite book |last=Gimbutas |first=Marija |author-link=Marija Gimbutas |title=Bronze Age cultures in Central and Eastern Europe |publisher=[[De Gruyter]] |year=1965 |isbn=978-3-11-166814-7 |page=245}}</ref>
* c. 1250–1000 BC: the culture of [[Necropolis of Pantalica|Pantalica]] develops inland in [[Sicily]].<ref>{{Cite book |first=Robert |last=Leighton |title=Sicily Before History: An Archaeological Survey from the Palaeolithic to the Iron Age |publisher=[[Cornell University Press]] |year=1999 |isbn=978-0-8014-8585-5 |page=150}}</ref>
* 1225–1190 BC: [[Helladic chronology|Late Helladic IIIB2]] in mainland Greece.<ref name="Brunet">{{Cite book |first=Olivier |last=Brunet |title=Les marqueurs archéologiques du pouvoir |publisher=Publications de la Sorbonne |year=2016 |isbn=979-10-351-0005-6 |page=28}}</ref> The perimeters of the defense systems of the Mycenaean palaces ([[Mycenae]], [[Tiryns]], [[Midea (Argolid)|Midea]]) are widely extended, a sign that insecurity is increasing. The end of the period was marked by widespread destruction on most sites: Mycenae, Tyrinth, Midéa, [[Thebes, Greece|Thebes]], [[Orchomenus (Boeotia)|Orchomenus]], [[Dimini]], and [[Pylos]], whose unfortified palaces have not been rebuilt.<ref name="Demoule">{{Cite book |language=fr |first1=Jean-Paul |last1=Demoule |first2=Dominique |last2=Garcia |first3=Alain |last3=Schnapp |title=Une histoire des civilisations |publisher=La Découverte |year=2018 |isbn=978-2-7071-8878-6 |page=319}}</ref>