Editing 1152 (section)

==== England ====
* [[April 6]] &ndash; King [[Stephen, King of England|Stephen]] has his nobles swear fealty to his son [[Eustace IV, Count of Boulogne|Eustace]], as the rightful heir of the English throne. [[Theobald of Bec|Theobald]], archbishop of [[Diocese of Canterbury|Canterbury]], and other bishops refuse to crown Eustace favouring Henry of Anjou to claim the throne instead. Stephen confiscates their property and Theobald is forced into exile in [[County of Flanders|Flanders]].
* Stephen besieges [[Newbury Castle]] and holds the young [[William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke|William]] as a hostage to ensure that his father, [[John Marshal (Marshal of England)|John Marshal]], keeps his promise to surrender the castle. When John refuses to comply, Stephen threatened to have the young boy [[catapult]]ed over the walls. After this, William remains a crown hostage for many months.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wwwcastlewales.com/jf_gilbt.html|title=John fitz Gilbert; the Marshal|first=Catherine|last=Amstrong|publisher=Castles of Wales|accessdate=9 December 2020}}{{Dead link|date=July 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>