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==== Europe ==== * [[April 16]] – [[Sviatopolk II of Kiev|Sviatopolk II]], Grand Prince of [[Principality of Kiev|Kiev]], dies after a 20-year reign and is succeeded by his 60-year-old cousin [[Vladimir II Monomakh]]. He begins a campaign against the [[Cumans]] on the steppe in an effort to reunite the land of [[Kievan Rus']]. * [[September 7]] – The [[Republic of Pisa]] signs a treaty with [[Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona|Ramon Berenguer III]] ('the Great'), count of [[County of Barcelona|Barcelona]]. The Pisan fleet embarks on a campaign against the [[Moors]] in the [[Balearic Islands]]. * The [[Republic of Florence]] conquers the neighboring city of [[History of Florence#Middle Ages|Montecascioli]], as part of its effort to extend its domination over the [[contado]] ([[provinces of Italy]]). * [[Peter Abelard]], a French [[Scholasticism|scholastic]] philosopher, opens his school in [[Paris]], on the heights of [[Montagne Sainte-Geneviève]] (approximate date). * Queen [[Urraca of León|Urraca of Castile]] unsuccessfully attempts to seize the city of [[Burgos]] from her ex-husband, King [[Alfonso the Battler]].<ref name=victor>{{cite book|last=Catlos|first=Brian A.|title=The victors and the vanquished: Christians and Muslims of Catalonia and Aragon, 1050-1300|year=2004|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|isbn=0-521-82234-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EoDuA8fv9rEC&q=christian+mercenaries+maghrib|page=79}}</ref>
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