Editing Ötzi (section)

===Health===
Ötzi apparently had ''[[Trichuris trichiura]]'' (whipworm), an intestinal [[parasite]]. During CT scans, it was observed that three or four of his right ribs had been cracked when he had been lying face down after death, or where the ice had crushed his body. One of his fingernails (of the two found) shows three [[Beau's lines]], indicating he was sick three times in the six months before he died. The last incident, two months before he died, lasted about two weeks.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Dickson |first=James H. |last2=Oeggl |first2=Klaus |last3=Handly |first3=Linda L. |date=May 2003 |title=The Iceman Reconsidered |url=http://students.washington.edu/mastyles/eng198spring06/iceman_reconsidered.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=[[Scientific American]] |volume=288 |issue=5 |pages=70–79 |bibcode=2003SciAm.288e..70D |doi=10.1038/scientificamerican0503-70 |pmid=12701332 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081012023432/http://students.washington.edu/mastyles/eng198spring06/iceman_reconsidered.pdf |archive-date=2008-10-12}}</ref> It was also found that his [[epidermis]], the outer skin layer, was missing, a natural process from his mummification in ice.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Deem |first=James M. |date=2008-01-03 |title=Ötzi: Iceman of the Alps: His health |url=http://www.mummytombs.com/otzi/health.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061113232822/http://www.mummytombs.com/otzi/health.htm |archive-date=2006-11-13 |access-date=2008-01-06 |publisher=Mummy Tombs}}</ref> Ötzi's teeth showed considerable internal deterioration from cavities. These oral pathologies may have been brought about by his grain-heavy, high-carbohydrate diet.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-06-15 |title=Iceman Had Bad Teeth: Discovery News |url=http://news.discovery.com/history/oetzi-iceman-bad-teeth-110615.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110925182225/http://news.discovery.com/history/oetzi-iceman-bad-teeth-110615.html |archive-date=2011-09-25 |access-date=2011-09-15 |publisher=News.discovery.com}}</ref> DNA analysis in February 2012 revealed that Ötzi was [[lactose intolerance|lactose intolerant]], supporting the theory that lactose intolerance was still common at that time, despite the increasing spread of agriculture and dairying.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-10 |title=Iceman Lived a While After Arrow Wound |url=http://news.discovery.com/history/oetzi-iceman-mummy-blood-120502.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120819212358/http://news.discovery.com/history/oetzi-iceman-mummy-blood-120502.html |archive-date=2012-08-19 |website=DNews}}</ref> Ötzi's lungs were examined endoscopically and were found to be blackened by soot, probably due to his frequent proximity to open fires for warmth and cooking.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ötzi the Iceman, Museum of Archaeology Bolzano |url=https://www.iceman.it/en/the-mummy/ |access-date=31 August 2023 |website=Museo archeologico dell'Alto Adige (South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology)}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Garlinghouse |first=Tom |last2=Leggett |first2=Jessica |date=14 December 2021 |title=Ötzi the Iceman: The famous frozen mummy |url=https://www.livescience.com/otzi-the-iceman |access-date=31 August 2023 |website=Live Science}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Hrodey |first=Matt |date=23 August 2023 |title=A DNA Analysis Upends What We Thought Ötzi the Iceman Looked Like |url=https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/a-dna-analysis-upends-what-we-thought-oetzi-the-iceman-looked-like |access-date=31 August 2023 |website=Discover Magazine}}</ref>