Editing Postpartum depression (section)

=== Europe ===
There is a general assumption that Western cultures are homogenous and that there are no significant differences in psychiatric disorders across Europe and the USA. However, in reality, factors associated with maternal depression, including work and environmental demands, access to universal maternity leave, healthcare, and financial security, are regulated and influenced by local policies that differ across countries.<ref name="Di_Florio_2017">{{cite journal | vauthors = Di Florio A, Putnam K, Altemus M, Apter G, Bergink V, Bilszta J, Brock R, Buist A, Deligiannidis KM, Devouche E, Epperson CN, Guille C, Kim D, Lichtenstein P, Magnusson PK, Martinez P, Munk-Olsen T, Newport J, Payne J, Penninx BW, O'Hara M, Robertson-Blackmore E, Roza SJ, Sharkey KM, Stuart S, Tiemeier H, Viktorin A, Schmidt PJ, Sullivan PF, Stowe ZN, Wisner KL, Jones I, Rubinow DR, Meltzer-Brody S | title = The impact of education, country, race and ethnicity on the self-report of postpartum depression using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale | journal = Psychological Medicine | volume = 47 | issue = 5 | pages = 787–799 | date = April 2017 | pmid = 27866476 | pmc = 5369767 | doi = 10.1017/S0033291716002087 }}</ref> For example, European social policies differ from country to country contrary to the US, all countries provide some form of paid universal maternity leave and free healthcare.<ref name="Di_Florio_2017" /> Studies also found differences in symptomatic manifestations of PPD between European and American women.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=1999-05-01|title=Postpartum depression: a cross-cultural perspective |journal=Primary Care Update for OB/GYNS|language=en|volume=6|issue=3|pages=82–87|doi=10.1016/S1068-607X(99)00003-7 | vauthors = Bashiri N, Spielvogel AM }}</ref> Women from Europe reported higher scores of [[anhedonia]], self-blaming, and anxiety, while women from the US disclosed more severe [[insomnia]], depressive feelings, and thoughts of self-harming.<ref name="Di_Florio_2017" /> Additionally, there are differences in prescribing patterns and attitudes towards certain medications between the US and Europe which are indicative of how different countries approach treatment, and their different stigmas.<ref name="Di_Florio_2017" />