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===Post-anesthesia sedation=== [[General anesthesia]] is required for many [[surgery|surgeries]], but may cause lingering fatigue, sedation, and/or drowsiness after surgery that lasts for hours to days.<ref name="Behar-2007">{{cite journal| doi=10.1136/sbmj.070256 | title=Anaesthesia: Induction and maintenance of general anesthesia | date=2007 | journal=BMJ | volume=334 | vauthors = Behar JM, Gogalniceanu P, Bromley L }}</ref><ref name="pmid34338712">{{cite journal |vauthors=Vacas S, Cole DJ, Cannesson M |title=Cognitive Decline Associated With Anesthesia and Surgery in Older Patients |journal=JAMA |date=August 2021 |volume=326 |issue=9 |page=863 |pmid=34338712 |pmc=8807795 |doi=10.1001/jama.2021.4773}}</ref> In [[outpatient surgery]] the [[sedation]], [[fatigue]], and occasional [[dizziness]] is problematic.<ref name="pmid12411816">{{cite journal|doi=10.1097/00000542-200211000-00035 |title=Fatigue in Anesthesia |date=2002 |journal=Anesthesiology |volume=97 |issue=5 |pages=1281β1294 |pmid=12411816 | vauthors = Warltier DC, Howard SK, Rosekind MR, Katz JD, Berry AJ }}</ref><ref name="pmid11964610">{{cite journal|doi=10.1097/00000542-200204000-00030 |title=Systematic Review and Analysis of Postdischarge Symptoms after Outpatient Surgery |date=2002 |journal=Anesthesiology |volume=96 |issue=4 |pages=994β1003 |pmid=11964610 | vauthors = Wu CL, Berenholtz SM, Pronovost PJ, Fleisher LA }}</ref> Modafinil was tested as a potential remedy to alleviate these symptoms.<ref name="pmid16669720"/> For example, it was expected that modafinil would help people recover quicker from general anesthesia after a short surgery,<ref name="pmid18729534"/> but the results were uncertain and the inconclusive studies could not reliably verify the expectation.<ref name="pmid16669720">{{cite journal | vauthors = Ballon JS, Feifel D | title = A systematic review of modafinil: Potential clinical uses and mechanisms of action | journal = The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry | volume = 67 | issue = 4 | pages = 554β566 | date = April 2006 | pmid = 16669720 | doi = 10.4088/jcp.v67n0406 }}</ref> The use of modafinil to relieve post-anesthesia sedation is investigational.<ref name="pmid18729534"/>
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