Editing History of Mexico (section)

==Contemporary Mexico==

=== President Ernesto Zedillo (1994–2000) ===
[[File:Subcomandante Marcos.jpg|thumb|right|[[Subcomandante Marcos]]]] 
In 1995, President [[Ernesto Zedillo]] faced the [[Mexican peso crisis]]. There were public demonstrations in Mexico City and a constant military presence after the 1994 rise of the [[Zapatista Army of National Liberation]] in Chiapas.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Julia Preston|author2=Samuel Dillon|title=Opening Mexico: The Making Of A Democracy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rT4WB2RM3l8C&pg=PA257|year= 2005|publisher=Macmillan|page=257ff|isbn=978-0-374-52964-2}}</ref> Despite the initial turmoil, Zedillo implemented austerity measures and structural reforms that helped stabilize the economy and restore investor confidence.

The United States intervened rapidly to stem the economic crisis, first by buying pesos in the open market and then by granting assistance in the form of $50 billion in loan guarantees. The peso stabilized at 6 pesos per dollar. By 1996, the economy was growing, and in 1997, Mexico repaid all U.S. Treasury loans ahead of schedule.

Zedillo oversaw political and electoral reforms that reduced the PRI's hold on power. After the [[1988 Mexican general election|1988 election]], which was strongly disputed, the IFE (Instituto Federal Electoral&nbsp;– [[Federal Electoral Institute]]) was created in the early 1990s to oversee elections.

===NAFTA and USMCA (1994–present)===
{{Main|North American Free Trade Agreement|United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement}}
[[File:President Bush, Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney and Mexican President Carlos Salinas participate in the... - NARA - 186460.jpg|thumb|Three world leaders: (background, left to right) Mexican President [[Carlos Salinas de Gortari]], U.S. President [[George H. W. Bush]], and Canadian Prime Minister [[Brian Mulroney]], observe the signing of the North American Free Trade Agreement.]]

On 1 January 1994, Mexico became a full member of the [[North American Free Trade Agreement]] (NAFTA), joining the United States and Canada.<ref>William A. Orme, ''Understanding Nafta: Mexico, Free Trade, and the New North America'' (1996)</ref>

Mexico has a free market economy that entered the [[Trillion dollar club (macroeconomics)|Trillion dollar club]] in 2010.<ref name="cia.gov">CIA World Factbook; Mexico, [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mexico/ CIA.gov] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126164719/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mexico |date=2021-01-26 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=CIA World Fact Book |date=2010-01-15 |title=Mexico in the Trillion Dollar Class |url=http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/mexico/mexico_economy.html |access-date=2010-11-16 |archive-date=2019-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402113537/https://theodora.com/wfbcurrent/mexico/mexico_economy.html |url-status=live }}</ref> It contains a mixture of modern and outmoded industry and agriculture, increasingly dominated by the private sector. Recent administrations have expanded competition in sea ports, railroads, telecommunications, electricity generation, natural gas distribution, and airports.

Per capita income is one-quarter that of the United States; income distribution remains highly unequal. Trade with the United States and Canada has tripled since the implementation of NAFTA. Mexico has free-trade agreements with more than 50 countries.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mexico – Country Commercial Guide: Trade Agreements |url=https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/mexico-trade-agreements |access-date=2023-11-27 |website=International Trade Administration |date=5 November 2023 |language=en |archive-date=2023-11-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231130182711/https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/mexico-trade-agreements |url-status=live }}</ref>

===End of PRI rule in 2000===
Accused many times of electoral fraud, the PRI held almost all public offices until the end of the 20th century. Not until the 1980s did the PRI lose its first [[List of Mexican state governors|state governorship]], an event that marked the beginning of the party's loss of hegemony.<ref>{{cite book|author=John Stolle-McAllister|title=Mexican Social Movements and the Transition to Democracy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DvoFDJGYa4cC&pg=PA9|year=2005|publisher=McFarland|page=9ff|isbn=978-0-7864-1999-9}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Morris | first1 = Stephen D. | year = 2005 | title = Mexico's Long-Awaited Surprise | journal = Latin American Research Review | volume = 40 | issue = 3| pages = 417–428 | jstor=3662849 | doi=10.1353/lar.2005.0059| s2cid = 144456047 }}</ref>

===President Vicente Fox Quesada (2000–2006)===
{{See also|Fox administration}}
[[File:Vicente Fox Singh.jpg|thumb|left|President Vicente Fox with Prime Minister of India [[Manmohan Singh]]]]

Emphasizing the need to upgrade infrastructure, modernize the tax system and labor laws, integrate with the U.S. economy, and allow private investment in the energy sector, [[Vicente Fox|Vicente Fox Quesada]], the candidate of the [[National Action Party (Mexico)|National Action Party]] (PAN), [[2000 Mexican general election|was elected]] president of Mexico on 2 July 2000, ending PRI's 71-year-long control of the office. Though Fox's victory was partly due to popular discontent with decades of unchallenged PRI hegemony, Fox's opponent, Francisco Labastida, conceded defeat on the night of the election—a first in Mexican history.<ref>{{cite book|author=Daniel Drache|title=Big Picture Realities: Canada and Mexico at the Crossroads|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hKfvb5zf8oUC&pg=PA128|year=2008|publisher=Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press|page=128|isbn=978-1-55458-045-3}}</ref> A further sign of the quickening of Mexican democracy was the fact that PAN failed to win a majority in both chambers of [[Congress of Mexico|Congress]]. This situation prevented Fox from implementing his reform pledges. Nonetheless, the transfer of power in 2000 was quick and peaceful.

Fox was a strong candidate but an ineffective president weakened by PAN's minority status in Congress. Historian Philip Russell summarizes: <blockquote>Marketed on television, Fox made a far better candidate than he did president. He failed to take charge and provide cabinet leadership, failed to set priorities, and disregarded alliance building... By 2006, political scientist [[Soledad Loaeza]] noted, "the eager candidate became a reluctant president who avoided tough choices and appeared hesitant and unable to hide the weariness caused by the responsibilities and constraints of the office." ...He had little success in fighting crime. Even though he maintained the macroeconomic stability inherited from his predecessor, economic growth barely exceeded the rate of population increase. Similarly, the lack of fiscal reform left tax collection at a rate similar to Haiti's... Finally, during Fox's administration, only 1.4 million formal-sector jobs were created, leading to massive immigration to the United States and an explosive increase in informal employment.<ref>{{cite book|author=Philip Russell|title=The History of Mexico: From Pre-Conquest to Present|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K5xdBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA593|year=2011|publisher=Routledge|page=593|isbn=978-1-136-96828-0}}</ref></blockquote>

Fox initiated policies to attract foreign investment, promote trade, and modernize Mexico's economy, although progress in these areas was mixed. Additionally, Fox's presidency was notable for its emphasis on improving relations with the United States and advocating for comprehensive immigration reform.

===President Felipe Calderón Hinojosa (2006–2012)===
{{See also|2006 Mexican general election}}
[[File:Felipe Calderon Lula da Silva.jpg|thumb|President [[Felipe Calderón]] with President of Brazil [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]].]]

President [[Felipe Calderón Hinojosa]] (PAN) took office after one of the [[Controversies of the 2006 Mexican general election|most hotly contested]] elections in recent Mexican history; Calderón won by such a small margin (.56% or 233,831 votes.)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.te.gob.mx/documentacion/publicaciones/Informes/DICTAMEN.pdf |title=Dictamen Relativo Al Cãmputo Final De La Elecciãn De Presidente De Los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, A La Declaraciãn De Validez D |access-date=2018-06-27 |archive-date=2016-03-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160328180904/http://www.te.gob.mx/documentacion/publicaciones/informes/dictamen.pdf }}</ref> that the runner-up, [[Andrés Manuel López Obrador]] of the leftist [[Party of the Democratic Revolution]] (PRD) contested the results.

On his first day as president, Calderón raised the salaries of the [[Federal Police (Mexico)|Federal Police]] and the [[Mexican Armed Forces]] despite establishing a cap on the salaries of high-ranking public servants.

Calderón also pursued economic reforms and initiatives to promote competitiveness and investment in sectors such as [[energy]] and [[infrastructure]]. However, his administration was criticized for its handling of the economy, and some pointed to persistent issues such as [[unemployment]] and inequality.

===Drug war (2006–present)===
{{Main|Mexican Drug War}}
[[File:El_Chapo_in_U.S._1.jpg|thumb|right|[[El Chapo]] in US custody after his extradition from Mexico.]]
Under President Calderón (2006–2012), the government began waging a war on regional drug mafias.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Sidney Weintraub|author2=Duncan Robert Wood|title=Cooperative Mexican-U.S. Antinarcotics Efforts|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6ttxp9y42a0C&pg=PA29|year=2010|publisher=CSIS|page=29|isbn=978-0-89206-607-0}}</ref> This conflict has resulted in the deaths of tens of thousands of Mexicans and the drug mafias continue to gain power. Mexico has been a major transit and drug-producing nation: an estimated 90% of the [[cocaine]] smuggled into the United States every year passes through Mexico.<ref name="cia.gov"/> Fueled by the increasing demand for drugs in the United States, the country has become a major supplier of heroin, producer, and distributor of [[MDMA]], and the largest foreign supplier of cannabis and [[methamphetamine]] to the U.S. market. Major drug syndicates control the majority of drug trafficking in the country, and Mexico is a significant money-laundering center.<ref name="cia.gov"/>

After the [[Federal Assault Weapons Ban]] expired in the U.S. on September 13, 2004, Mexican drug cartels have begun acquiring [[assault weapon]]s in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.proceso.com.mx/?p=264390|title=Comprando armas en la frontera…|work=Proceso|access-date=23 March 2015|archive-date=2 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402113354/http://www.proceso.com.mx/?p=264390}}</ref> The result is that [[drug cartels]] have now both more gun power, and more workforce due to the high unemployment in Mexico.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.gov.harvard.edu/files/uploads/Rios_EstePais_DealersS.pdf |title=¿Quién se vuelve narco y por qué? El Perfil del narcotraficante Mexicano Viridiana Rios |trans-title=Who becomes a drug dealer and why? The Profile of the Mexican drug trafficker Viridiana Rios |language=es |access-date=2011-11-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927120817/http://www.gov.harvard.edu/files/uploads/Rios_EstePais_DealersS.pdf |archive-date=2011-09-27 }}</ref>

After taking office in 2018, President [[Andrés Manuel López Obrador]] pursued an alternative approach to dealing with drug mafias, calling for a policy of "hugs, not gunshots" (''[[Abrazos, no balazos]]'').<ref>[https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2020/07/02/lopez-obrador-mexicos-ruinous-messiah/ Enrique Krauze, "Mexico's Ruinous Messiah"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101103920/https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2020/07/02/lopez-obrador-mexicos-ruinous-messiah/ |date=2020-11-01 }} accessed 16 July 2020</ref> This policy has been ineffective, and the death toll has not decreased{{citation needed|date=September 2024}}. In October 2019, AMLO's government released drug lord [[Ovidio Guzmán López]] during the [[Battle of Culiacán]] as part of ceasefire negotiations.<ref>[https://www.economist.com/the-americas/2019/10/24/lessons-from-a-shootout-in-sinaloa "The AMLO Doctrine: Lessons from a Shootout in Sinaloa". ''The Economist'' 2019/10/24] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920204821/https://www.economist.com/the-americas/2019/10/24/lessons-from-a-shootout-in-sinaloa |date=2022-09-20 }} accessed 16 July 2020</ref>

Former Secretary of Defense [[Salvador Cienfuegos]] was arrested in the U.S. for cartel ties in 2020 but sent back to Mexico after charges were dropped amid disputed diplomatic pressure.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/16/us/mexico-general-cienfuegos-dea.html|title=Mexico's Former Defense Minister Is Arrested in Los Angeles|work=The New York Times|date=16 October 2020|archive-date=20 April 2021|access-date=20 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420192213/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/16/us/mexico-general-cienfuegos-dea.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Mexico's ex-defence minister arrested in the US |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-54552057 |access-date=16 October 2020 |agency=BBC News |issue=16 October 2020 |archive-date=16 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116021643/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-54552057 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2020/10/6/924375024/former-defense-secretary-of-mexico-arrested-in-los-angeles-on-drug-charges|title = U.S. Arrests Mexico's Ex-Defense Chief, Accused of Helping Drug Cartel| website=[[NPR]] }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/11/18/americas/mexican-defense-secretary-drug-trafficking-investigation/index.html | title=Former Mexican defense secretary accused of drug trafficking to be turned over to Mexico for investigation | website=[[CNN]] | date=18 November 2020 | access-date=20 November 2020 | archive-date=20 November 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201120105839/https://www.cnn.com/2020/11/18/americas/mexican-defense-secretary-drug-trafficking-investigation/index.html | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Mexico's president: we didn't threaten to expel U.S. drug agents over General Cienfuegos arrest |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mexico-usa/mexicos-president-we-didnt-threaten-to-expel-u-s-drug-agents-over-general-cienfuegos-arrest-idUSKBN27Z26T |date=19 November 2020 |work=Reuters |access-date=9 June 2023 |archive-date=11 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230411024141/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mexico-usa/mexicos-president-we-didnt-threaten-to-expel-u-s-drug-agents-over-general-cienfuegos-arrest-idUSKBN27Z26T |url-status=live }}</ref>

===President Enrique Peña Nieto (2012–2018)===
{{See also|Enrique Peña Nieto}}
[[File:Barack_Obama_Enrique_Peña_Nieto_in_the_Oval_Office_2012.jpg|thumb|U.S. President [[Barack Obama]] and Mexican President-Elect [[Enrique Peña Nieto]] during their meet at the [[White House]] following Peña Nieto's [[2012 Mexican general election|election]] victory.]]
On July 1, 2012, Enrique Peña Nieto [[2012 Mexican general election|was elected]] president of Mexico with 38% of the vote. He is a former governor of the state of Mexico and a member of the PRI. His election returned the PRI to power after 12 years of PAN rule. He was officially sworn into office on December 1, 2012.<ref>{{cite news|last=Graham|first=Dave|title=Pena Nieto takes power, begins new era for old ruling party|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mexico-penanieto-idUSBRE8B004020121201|access-date=6 December 2012|newspaper=Reuters|date=1 Dec 2012|archive-date=8 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308084309/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-mexico-penanieto-idUSBRE8B004020121201|url-status=live}}</ref>

The ''[[Pacto por México]]'' was a cross-party alliance that called for the accomplishment of 95 goals. It was signed on 2 December 2012 by the leaders of the three main political parties in [[Chapultepec Castle]]. Some international pundits lauded the Pact as an example of solving political gridlock and effectively passing institutional reforms.<ref>{{cite news|title=A model to end Washington gridlock: Mexico|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/Commentary/the-monitors-view/2013/0324/A-model-to-end-Washington-gridlock-Mexico|newspaper=The Christian Science Monitor|access-date=5 March 2015|archive-date=2 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402155842/http://www.csmonitor.com/Commentary/the-monitors-view/2013/0324/A-model-to-end-Washington-gridlock-Mexico|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Choose Pemex over the pact|url=https://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21581730-successful-cross-party-pact-has-broken-congressional-gridlock-it-must-not-become-obstacle|newspaper=The Economist|access-date=5 March 2015|archive-date=13 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150313010945/http://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21581730-successful-cross-party-pact-has-broken-congressional-gridlock-it-must-not-become-obstacle|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Mexico's Reforms: The Devil In The Details|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/riskmap/2014/01/15/mexicos-reforms-the-devil-in-the-details/|magazine=Forbes|access-date=5 March 2015|archive-date=2 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402123000/http://www.forbes.com/sites/riskmap/2014/01/15/mexicos-reforms-the-devil-in-the-details/|url-status=live}}</ref> Among other legislation, it called for education reform, banking reform, fiscal reform and telecommunications reform, all of which were eventually passed.<ref name="TheEcon">{{cite news|url= https://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21611069-enrique-pe-nieto-has-achieved-lot-now-his-government-needs-maintain-momentum-keep-it|title= Mexico's reforms: Keep it up|newspaper= The Economist|access-date= 13 December 2014|archive-date= 30 December 2014|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20141230090457/http://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21611069-enrique-pe-nieto-has-achieved-lot-now-his-government-needs-maintain-momentum-keep-it|url-status= live}}</ref> However, this pact was ultimately jeopardized when the center-right PAN and PRI pushed for a revaluation of, and end to, the monopoly of the state-owned petroleum company, [[Pemex]].{{Citation needed|date=August 2022}} This facilitated the opening of Mexico's energy sector to private investment, and allowing foreign companies to participate in oil exploration and production.

The [[Iguala mass kidnapping|disappearance of 43 students]] from the Ayotzinapa Rural Teachers' College in 2014 became a symbol of the country's ongoing struggle with violence, corruption, and impunity.

===President Andrés Manuel López Obrador (2018–2024)===
{{more citations needed|date=July 2020}}
{{See also|Andrés Manuel López Obrador|2019–2020 Mexico–Bolivia diplomatic crisis|2024 raid on the Mexican embassy in Ecuador}}
[[File:Reunión_con_el_presidente_electo_y_equipos_de_trabajo_10.jpg|thumb|[[Cabinet of Mexico|Cabinet Officers]] of [[Andrés Manuel López Obrador]] (left) and of [[Enrique Peña Nieto]] (right).]]

On July 1, 2018, [[Andrés Manuel López Obrador]] was [[2018 Mexican general election|elected]] president with 30,112,109 votes (53.19% of the total votes cast.) Lopez Obrador is the leader of the [[National Regeneration Movement]] and he headed the ''[[Juntos Haremos Historia]]'' coalition.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.elsoldemexico.com.mx/analisis/resultados-elecciones-2018-1848256.html|title=Resultados elecciones 2018|last=Ávila Ruiz|first=Daniel Gabriel|publisher=El Sol de Mexico|date=July 18, 2019|access-date=March 10, 2019|language=es|trans-title=Election results, 1018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Mexico's 2018 Elections: Results and Potential Implications |url=https://fas.org/sgp/crs/row/IF10867.pdf |website=[[Congressional Research Service]] |access-date=November 25, 2021 |date=July 17, 2018 |archive-date=February 4, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240204185534/https://sgp.fas.org/crs/row/IF10867.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> Known for his populist policies, focus on combating corruption, and promoting social welfare programs aimed at addressing poverty and inequality in the country.

On 1 December 2018, López Obrador was sworn in as Mexico's first leftist president in decades.<ref>{{cite news |title=Mexico's López Obrador sworn in as first leftist president in decades |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-46415993 |work=BBC News |date=2 December 2018 |archive-date=14 April 2021 |access-date=18 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414234544/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-46415993 |url-status=live }}</ref> The administration has had to contend with the [[COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico|coronavirus pandemic]].{{Citation needed|date=August 2022}} AMLO made his first trip outside the country to travel to Washington D.C. to sign the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/08/us/politics/trump-mexico-president-andres-manuel-lopez-obrador.html Trump and AMLO sign USMCA New York Times 08 July 2020] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709000002/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/08/us/politics/trump-mexico-president-andres-manuel-lopez-obrador.html |date=9 July 2020 }} accessed 16 July 2020</ref>  Has been a prominent figure in Mexican politics for decades, known for his advocacy for the marginalized, his nationalist stance on economic issues, and his criticism of [[neoliberal]] policies. His presidency has been marked by efforts to reduce violence, stimulate economic growth, and promote social programs, while also facing challenges such as managing relations with the United States and addressing criticism over his administration's approach to governance and policy implementation.

In June 2021 [[2021 Mexican legislative election|midterm elections]], López Obrador's left-leaning coalition maintained a simple majority, but López Obrador failed to secure the two-thirds congressional supermajority.<ref>{{cite news |author=Karol Suarez, Rafael Romo and Joshua Berlinger |title=Mexico's President loses grip on power in midterm elections marred by violence |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2021/06/07/americas/mexico-elections-intl-hnk/index.html |work=CNN |archive-date=2021-11-17 |access-date=2021-11-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211117000839/https://edition.cnn.com/2021/06/07/americas/mexico-elections-intl-hnk/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

===COVID-19 pandemic (2020–22)===
{{Main|COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico}}
From January 2020 to March 2022, Mexico was greatly impacted by [[COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico|COVID-19 pandemic]] and [[SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant|Delta]][[SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant|cron]] hybrid variant, which marks the beginning of a pandemic in the country that caused over 325,000 deaths, the second highest mortality toll in [[North America]] (Behind [[United States]]).<ref>{{Cite web |title=COVID-19 deaths {{!}} WHO COVID-19 dashboard |url=http://data.who.int/dashboards/covid19/cases |access-date=2024-03-23 |website=datadot |language=en}}</ref> The country has experienced waves of infections and vaccination efforts have been ongoing, with a significant portion of the population receiving at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. Economic recovery efforts have been underway, focusing on sectors heavily impacted by the pandemic, such as tourism and small businesses. The government has been working on addressing healthcare disparities and strengthening public health infrastructure to better respond to future health crises.

===President Claudia Sheinbaum (2024–)===

[[Claudia Sheinbaum]], López Obrador's political successor, won the [[2024 Mexican general election|2024 presidential election]] in a landslide and upon taking office in October became the first woman to lead the country in Mexico's history.<ref name="france24.com">{{Cite web |url=https://www.france24.com/en/americas/20240603-sheinbaum-set-to-win-mexico-election-becoming-first-female-president |title=Ruling leftist party candidate Sheinbaum elected Mexico's first female president |date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |archive-date=3 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603063457/https://www.france24.com/en/americas/20240603-sheinbaum-set-to-win-mexico-election-becoming-first-female-president |url-status=live }}</ref>  She was sworn in as Mexico's president on 1 October 2024.<ref>{{cite news |title=Claudia Sheinbaum sworn in as 1st female president of Mexico |url=https://apnews.com/article/mexico-president-claudia-sheinbaum-7d3599b39a7298df46e7eda34d80afee |work=AP News |date=1 October 2024 |language=en |archive-date=26 November 2024 |access-date=26 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241126025220/https://apnews.com/article/mexico-president-claudia-sheinbaum-7d3599b39a7298df46e7eda34d80afee |url-status=live }}</ref>